Vulnerability-Lookup

GHSA-87Q3-CQQR-MVCG

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-02-19 18:31 – Updated: 2026-02-19 18:31

Details

The Two Factor (2FA) Authentication via Email plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Two-Factor Authentication Bypass in versions up to, and including, 1.9.8. This is because the SS88_2FAVE::wp_login() method only enforces the 2FA requirement if the 'token' HTTP GET parameter is undefined, which makes it possible to bypass two-factor authentication by supplying any value in the 'token' parameter during login, including an empty one.

Severity

6.5 (Medium)


                  
                    CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N

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JSON

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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-13587"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-20"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-02-19T07:17:31Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "The Two Factor (2FA) Authentication via Email plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Two-Factor Authentication Bypass in versions up to, and including, 1.9.8. This is because the SS88_2FAVE::wp_login() method only enforces the 2FA requirement if the \u0027token\u0027 HTTP GET parameter is undefined, which makes it possible to bypass two-factor authentication by supplying any value in the \u0027token\u0027 parameter during login, including an empty one.",
  "id": "GHSA-87q3-cqqr-mvcg",
  "modified": "2026-02-19T18:31:49Z",
  "published": "2026-02-19T18:31:49Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-13587"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/two-factor-2fa-via-email/trunk/ss88-two-factor-via-email.php#L218"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset?sfp_email=\u0026sfph_mail=\u0026reponame=\u0026old=3408531%40two-factor-2fa-via-email\u0026new=3408531%40two-factor-2fa-via-email\u0026sfp_email=\u0026sfph_mail="
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/11fbe76c-dc5c-413c-b6a8-d0f4aa56935d?source=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

CVE-2025-13587 (GCVE-0-2025-13587)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-02-19 04:36 – Updated: 2026-04-08 16:36

Title

Two Factor (2FA) Authentication via Email <= 1.9.8 - Two-Factor Authentication Bypass via token

Summary

Severity

6.5 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2026-02-19 17:04 UTC

CWE

CWE-20 - Improper Input Validation

Assigner

Wordfence CNA under the mitre root

CNA scorecard C 65/100 over 2252 records in the last 180 days details

References

3 references

URL	Tags
https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabil…
https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/two-fa…
https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset?sfp_…

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
ss88_uk	Two Factor (2FA) Authentication via Email	Affected: 0 , ≤ 1.9.8 (semver)

Credits

Ulyses Saicha

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2025-13587",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "none"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "no"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "partial"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2026-02-19T17:04:07.323978Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2026-02-19T17:39:55.138Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "product": "Two Factor (2FA) Authentication via Email",
          "vendor": "ss88_uk",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "1.9.8",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "0",
              "versionType": "semver"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "credits": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "type": "finder",
          "value": "Ulyses Saicha"
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "The Two Factor (2FA) Authentication via Email plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Two-Factor Authentication Bypass in versions up to, and including, 1.9.8. This is because the SS88_2FAVE::wp_login() method only enforces the 2FA requirement if the \u0027token\u0027 HTTP GET parameter is undefined, which makes it possible to bypass two-factor authentication by supplying any value in the \u0027token\u0027 parameter during login, including an empty one."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "baseScore": 6.5,
            "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
            "version": "3.1"
          }
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-20",
              "description": "CWE-20 Improper Input Validation",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-04-08T16:36:20.584Z",
        "orgId": "b15e7b5b-3da4-40ae-a43c-f7aa60e62599",
        "shortName": "Wordfence"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/11fbe76c-dc5c-413c-b6a8-d0f4aa56935d?source=cve"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/two-factor-2fa-via-email/trunk/ss88-two-factor-via-email.php#L218"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset?sfp_email=\u0026sfph_mail=\u0026reponame=\u0026old=3408531%40two-factor-2fa-via-email\u0026new=3408531%40two-factor-2fa-via-email\u0026sfp_email=\u0026sfph_mail="
        }
      ],
      "timeline": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "time": "2026-02-18T15:31:37.000Z",
          "value": "Disclosed"
        }
      ],
      "title": "Two Factor (2FA) Authentication via Email \u003c= 1.9.8 - Two-Factor Authentication Bypass via token"
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "b15e7b5b-3da4-40ae-a43c-f7aa60e62599",
    "assignerShortName": "Wordfence",
    "cveId": "CVE-2025-13587",
    "datePublished": "2026-02-19T04:36:05.735Z",
    "dateReserved": "2025-11-23T14:04:31.558Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-04-08T16:36:20.584Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}

Sightings

Author	Source	Type	Date	Other

Nomenclature

Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.

Vulnerability timeline

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The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base model, served locally by ML-Gateway. They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
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Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.

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