Vulnerability-Lookup

GHSA-86W9-CPQP-85RV

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-09-03 21:31 – Updated: 2026-10-01 21:09

Summary

node-forge RSA PKCS#1 v1.5 signature verification accepts extra nested DigestAlgorithm elements

Details

node-forge through 1.4.0 fails to validate element count in nested DigestAlgorithm sequences during RSA PKCS#1 v1.5 signature verification. Attackers can embed garbage bytes inside the DigestAlgorithm sequence to forge valid signatures for arbitrary messages using low-exponent RSA keys. This is an incomplete fix for CVE-2026-33894.

Severity

7.5 (High)


                  
                    CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N

8.7 (High)


                  
                    CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Show details on source website

JSON

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{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "node-forge"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "last_affected": "1.4.0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-85393"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-347"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-10-01T21:09:09Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-09-03T19:17:31Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "node-forge through 1.4.0 fails to validate element count in nested DigestAlgorithm sequences during RSA PKCS#1 v1.5 signature verification. Attackers can embed garbage bytes inside the DigestAlgorithm sequence to forge valid signatures for arbitrary messages using low-exponent RSA keys. This is an incomplete fix for CVE-2026-33894.",
  "id": "GHSA-86w9-cpqp-85rv",
  "modified": "2026-10-01T21:09:09Z",
  "published": "2026-09-03T21:31:15Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-85393"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/digitalbazaar/forge/issues/1149"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/digitalbazaar/forge/pull/1152"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-ppp5-5v6c-4jwp"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/digitalbazaar/forge"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/digitalbazaar/forge/blob/v1.4.0/lib/asn1.js"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/digitalbazaar/forge/blob/v1.4.0/lib/rsa.js"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/node-forge-through-1.4.0-rsa-pkcs-1-1.5-signature-forgery-via-nested-digestalgorithm-padding"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "node-forge RSA PKCS#1 v1.5 signature verification accepts extra nested DigestAlgorithm elements"
}

CVE-2026-85393 (GCVE-0-2026-85393)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-03 18:54 – Updated: 2026-09-03 19:14

Title

node-forge through 1.4.0 RSA PKCS#1 v1.5 Signature Forgery via Nested DigestAlgorithm Padding

Summary

Severity

8.7 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

7.5 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N

SSVC

Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2026-09-03 19:13 UTC

CWE

CWE-347 - Improper Verification of Cryptographic Signature

Assigner

VulnCheck CNA under the mitre root

CNA scorecard B 84/100 over 6545 records in the last 180 days details

References

6 references

URL	Tags
https://github.com/digitalbazaar/forge/issues/1149	issue-tracking
https://github.com/digitalbazaar/forge	product
https://github.com/digitalbazaar/forge/blob/v1.4.…	technical-description
https://github.com/digitalbazaar/forge/blob/v1.4.…	technical-description
https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-ppp5-5v6c-4jwp	related
https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/node-forge-t…	third-party-advisory

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
digitalbazaar	forge	Affected: 0 , ≤ 1.4.0 (semver) cpe:2.3:a:digitalbazaar:forge::::::::

Date Public

2026-07-06 00:00

Credits

George Chen

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2026-85393",
                "options": [
                  {
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                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "yes"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "partial"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2026-09-03T19:13:49.956810Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
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    "state": "PUBLISHED"
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}

Sightings

Author	Source	Type	Date	Other

Nomenclature

Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.

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The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base model, served locally by ML-Gateway. They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
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