Vulnerability-Lookup

GHSA-78FW-W53R-PGWG

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-04-15 15:30 – Updated: 2025-04-15 21:31

Details

Thunderbird processes the X-Mozilla-External-Attachment-URL header to handle attachments which can be hosted externally. When an email is opened, Thunderbird accesses the specified URL to determine file size, and navigates to it when the user clicks the attachment. Because the URL is not validated or sanitized, it can reference internal resources like chrome:// or SMB share file:// links, potentially leading to hashed Windows credential leakage and opening the door to more serious security issues. This vulnerability affects Thunderbird < 137.0.2 and Thunderbird < 128.9.2.

Severity

6.3 (Medium)


                  
                    CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L

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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-3522"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-601"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-04-15T15:16:09Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Thunderbird processes the X-Mozilla-External-Attachment-URL header to handle attachments which can be hosted externally. When an email is opened, Thunderbird accesses the specified URL to  determine file size, and navigates to it when the user clicks the attachment. Because the URL is not validated or sanitized, it can reference internal resources like chrome:// or SMB share file:// links, potentially leading to hashed Windows credential leakage and opening the door to more serious security issues. This vulnerability affects Thunderbird \u003c 137.0.2 and Thunderbird \u003c 128.9.2.",
  "id": "GHSA-78fw-w53r-pgwg",
  "modified": "2025-04-15T21:31:42Z",
  "published": "2025-04-15T15:30:54Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-3522"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1955372"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2025-26"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2025-27"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

CVE-2025-3522 (GCVE-0-2025-3522)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-04-15 15:06 – Updated: 2026-04-13 14:28

Title

Leak of hashed Window credentials via crafted attachment URL

Summary

Thunderbird processes the X-Mozilla-External-Attachment-URL header to handle attachments which can be hosted externally. When an email is opened, Thunderbird accesses the specified URL to determine file size, and navigates to it when the user clicks the attachment. Because the URL is not validated or sanitized, it can reference internal resources like chrome:// or SMB share file:// links, potentially leading to hashed Windows credential leakage and opening the door to more serious security issues. This vulnerability was fixed in Thunderbird 137.0.2 and Thunderbird 128.9.2.

Severity

6.3 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2025-04-15 18:49 UTC

CWE

CWE-601 - URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')

Assigner

mozilla CNA under the mitre root

CNA scorecard E 38/100 over 683 records in the last 180 days details

References

3 references

URL	Tags
https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1955372
https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2…
https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2…

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
Mozilla	Thunderbird	Unaffected: 128.9.2 , ≤ 128.* (rpm) Unaffected: 137.0.2 , ≤ * (rpm)

Credits

Dario Weißer

Show details on NVD website

JSON

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{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "cvssV3_1": {
              "attackComplexity": "LOW",
              "attackVector": "NETWORK",
              "availabilityImpact": "LOW",
              "baseScore": 6.3,
              "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
              "confidentialityImpact": "LOW",
              "integrityImpact": "LOW",
              "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
              "scope": "UNCHANGED",
              "userInteraction": "REQUIRED",
              "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
              "version": "3.1"
            }
          },
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2025-3522",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "none"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "no"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "partial"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2025-04-15T18:49:37.244746Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "problemTypes": [
          {
            "descriptions": [
              {
                "cweId": "CWE-601",
                "description": "CWE-601 URL Redirection to Untrusted Site (\u0027Open Redirect\u0027)",
                "lang": "en",
                "type": "CWE"
              }
            ]
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2025-04-15T19:05:13.896Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "product": "Thunderbird",
          "vendor": "Mozilla",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "128.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "128.9.2",
              "versionType": "rpm"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "137.0.2",
              "versionType": "rpm"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "credits": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "Dario Wei\u00dfer"
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "supportingMedia": [
            {
              "base64": false,
              "type": "text/html",
              "value": "Thunderbird processes the X-Mozilla-External-Attachment-URL header to handle attachments which can be hosted externally. When an email is opened, Thunderbird accesses the specified URL to  determine file size, and navigates to it when the user clicks the attachment. Because the URL is not validated or sanitized, it can reference internal resources like chrome:// or SMB share file:// links, potentially leading to hashed Windows credential leakage and opening the door to more serious security issues. This vulnerability was fixed in Thunderbird 137.0.2 and Thunderbird 128.9.2."
            }
          ],
          "value": "Thunderbird processes the X-Mozilla-External-Attachment-URL header to handle attachments which can be hosted externally. When an email is opened, Thunderbird accesses the specified URL to  determine file size, and navigates to it when the user clicks the attachment. Because the URL is not validated or sanitized, it can reference internal resources like chrome:// or SMB share file:// links, potentially leading to hashed Windows credential leakage and opening the door to more serious security issues. This vulnerability was fixed in Thunderbird 137.0.2 and Thunderbird 128.9.2."
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-04-13T14:28:27.731Z",
        "orgId": "f16b083a-5664-49f3-a51e-8d479e5ed7fe",
        "shortName": "mozilla"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "url": "https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1955372"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2025-26/"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2025-27/"
        }
      ],
      "title": "Leak of hashed Window credentials via crafted attachment URL"
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "f16b083a-5664-49f3-a51e-8d479e5ed7fe",
    "assignerShortName": "mozilla",
    "cveId": "CVE-2025-3522",
    "datePublished": "2025-04-15T15:06:13.599Z",
    "dateReserved": "2025-04-11T15:23:30.875Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-04-13T14:28:27.731Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}

Sightings

Author	Source	Type	Date	Other

Nomenclature

Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.

Vulnerability timeline

Sightings and recorded dates, grouped by day · UTC

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The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base model, served locally by ML-Gateway. They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.

Related by attack behaviour

Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.

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