Vulnerability-Lookup

GHSA-3PJ9-HHGF-F53Q

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-10-24 21:31 – Updated: 2025-10-24 21:31

Details

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

clocksource: hyper-v: unexport __init-annotated hv_init_clocksource()

EXPORT_SYMBOL and __init is a bad combination because the .init.text section is freed up after the initialization. Hence, modules cannot use symbols annotated __init. The access to a freed symbol may end up with kernel panic.

modpost used to detect it, but it has been broken for a decade.

Recently, I fixed modpost so it started to warn it again, then this showed up in linux-next builds.

There are two ways to fix it:

Remove __init
Remove EXPORT_SYMBOL

I chose the latter for this case because the only in-tree call-site, arch/x86/kernel/cpu/mshyperv.c is never compiled as modular. (CONFIG_HYPERVISOR_GUEST is boolean)

Severity

5.5 (Medium)


                  
                    CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-49726"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-908"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-02-26T07:01:48Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nclocksource: hyper-v: unexport __init-annotated hv_init_clocksource()\n\nEXPORT_SYMBOL and __init is a bad combination because the .init.text\nsection is freed up after the initialization. Hence, modules cannot\nuse symbols annotated __init. The access to a freed symbol may end up\nwith kernel panic.\n\nmodpost used to detect it, but it has been broken for a decade.\n\nRecently, I fixed modpost so it started to warn it again, then this\nshowed up in linux-next builds.\n\nThere are two ways to fix it:\n\n  - Remove __init\n  - Remove EXPORT_SYMBOL\n\nI chose the latter for this case because the only in-tree call-site,\narch/x86/kernel/cpu/mshyperv.c is never compiled as modular.\n(CONFIG_HYPERVISOR_GUEST is boolean)",
  "id": "GHSA-3pj9-hhgf-f53q",
  "modified": "2025-10-24T21:31:09Z",
  "published": "2025-10-24T21:31:09Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-49726"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/0414eab7c78f3518143d383e448d44fc573ac6d2"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/245b993d8f6c4e25f19191edfbd8080b645e12b1"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/937fcbb55a1e48a6422e87e8f49422c92265f102"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/cff3a7ce6e81418b6e8bac941779bbf5d342d626"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/db965e2757d95f695e606856418cd84003dd036d"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

CVE-2022-49726 (GCVE-0-2022-49726)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-02-26 02:24 – Updated: 2026-05-11 19:05

Title

clocksource: hyper-v: unexport __init-annotated hv_init_clocksource()

Summary

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: clocksource: hyper-v: unexport __init-annotated hv_init_clocksource() EXPORT_SYMBOL and __init is a bad combination because the .init.text section is freed up after the initialization. Hence, modules cannot use symbols annotated __init. The access to a freed symbol may end up with kernel panic. modpost used to detect it, but it has been broken for a decade. Recently, I fixed modpost so it started to warn it again, then this showed up in linux-next builds. There are two ways to fix it: - Remove __init - Remove EXPORT_SYMBOL I chose the latter for this case because the only in-tree call-site, arch/x86/kernel/cpu/mshyperv.c is never compiled as modular. (CONFIG_HYPERVISOR_GUEST is boolean)

Severity

No CVSS data available.

Assigner

Linux mitre root

References

5 references

URL	Tags
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/cff3a7ce6e81418b6…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/db965e2757d95f695…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/0414eab7c78f35181…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/937fcbb55a1e48a64…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/245b993d8f6c4e25f…

Impacted products

2 products

Vendor	Product	Version
Linux	Linux	Affected: dd2cb348613b44f9d948b068775e159aad298599 , < cff3a7ce6e81418b6e8bac941779bbf5d342d626 (git) Affected: dd2cb348613b44f9d948b068775e159aad298599 , < db965e2757d95f695e606856418cd84003dd036d (git) Affected: dd2cb348613b44f9d948b068775e159aad298599 , < 0414eab7c78f3518143d383e448d44fc573ac6d2 (git) Affected: dd2cb348613b44f9d948b068775e159aad298599 , < 937fcbb55a1e48a6422e87e8f49422c92265f102 (git) Affected: dd2cb348613b44f9d948b068775e159aad298599 , < 245b993d8f6c4e25f19191edfbd8080b645e12b1 (git)
Linux	Linux	Affected: 5.3 Unaffected: 0 , < 5.3 (semver) Unaffected: 5.4.200 , ≤ 5.4.* (semver) Unaffected: 5.10.124 , ≤ 5.10.* (semver) Unaffected: 5.15.49 , ≤ 5.15.* (semver) Unaffected: 5.18.6 , ≤ 5.18.* (semver) Unaffected: 5.19 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix)

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JSON

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{
  "containers": {
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "drivers/clocksource/hyperv_timer.c"
          ],
          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "versions": [
            {
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              "status": "affected",
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              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
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              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "0414eab7c78f3518143d383e448d44fc573ac6d2",
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              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "937fcbb55a1e48a6422e87e8f49422c92265f102",
              "status": "affected",
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              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "245b993d8f6c4e25f19191edfbd8080b645e12b1",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "dd2cb348613b44f9d948b068775e159aad298599",
              "versionType": "git"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "defaultStatus": "affected",
          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "drivers/clocksource/hyperv_timer.c"
          ],
          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "5.3"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "5.3",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "0",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
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              "status": "unaffected",
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              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
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              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "5.10.124",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "5.15.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "5.15.49",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "5.18.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "5.18.6",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "5.19",
              "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "cpeApplicability": [
        {
          "nodes": [
            {
              "cpeMatch": [
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
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                  "versionStartIncluding": "5.3",
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        {
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          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nclocksource: hyper-v: unexport __init-annotated hv_init_clocksource()\n\nEXPORT_SYMBOL and __init is a bad combination because the .init.text\nsection is freed up after the initialization. Hence, modules cannot\nuse symbols annotated __init. The access to a freed symbol may end up\nwith kernel panic.\n\nmodpost used to detect it, but it has been broken for a decade.\n\nRecently, I fixed modpost so it started to warn it again, then this\nshowed up in linux-next builds.\n\nThere are two ways to fix it:\n\n  - Remove __init\n  - Remove EXPORT_SYMBOL\n\nI chose the latter for this case because the only in-tree call-site,\narch/x86/kernel/cpu/mshyperv.c is never compiled as modular.\n(CONFIG_HYPERVISOR_GUEST is boolean)"
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-05-11T19:05:39.715Z",
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        "shortName": "Linux"
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        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/937fcbb55a1e48a6422e87e8f49422c92265f102"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/245b993d8f6c4e25f19191edfbd8080b645e12b1"
        }
      ],
      "title": "clocksource: hyper-v: unexport __init-annotated hv_init_clocksource()",
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      }
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
    "assignerShortName": "Linux",
    "cveId": "CVE-2022-49726",
    "datePublished": "2025-02-26T02:24:38.003Z",
    "dateReserved": "2025-02-26T02:21:30.448Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-05-11T19:05:39.715Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}

Sightings

Author	Source	Type	Date	Other

Nomenclature

Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.

Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.

The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base model, served locally by ML-Gateway. They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.

Related by attack behaviour

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