Vulnerability-Lookup

FKIE_CVE-2026-98283

Vulnerability from fkie_nvd - Published: 2026-10-06 09:18 - Updated: 2026-10-07 07:17

Severity

8.8 (High) - CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

Summary

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: KVM: PPC: Book3S HV: fix use-after-free in kvmhv_emulate_tlbie_all_lpid() kvmhv_emulate_tlbie_all_lpid() iterates the nested-guest IDR and drops mmu_lock before calling kvmhv_emulate_tlbie_lpid(), but does not hold a reference on the kvm_nested_guest pointer obtained from the IDR. A concurrent vCPU issuing a single-LPID tlbie (is=2, ric=2) can race through kvmhv_flush_nested() -> kvmhv_remove_nested() -> idr_remove / --refcnt -> kvmhv_release_nested() -> kfree(gp) in that window, leaving the iterating vCPU with a dangling pointer. The subsequent mutex_lock(&gp->tlb_lock) and accesses to gp->shadow_pgtable, gp->shadow_lpid and gp->l1_host all touch freed memory. The free path is fully L1-controlled. Fix this by incrementing gp->refcnt inside the loop before dropping mmu_lock, mirroring what kvmhv_get_nested() does, and releasing the reference with kvmhv_put_nested() after the per-guest work completes. This is the same get/put discipline already used at every other call site that drops mmu_lock while holding a nested-guest pointer.

References

	URL	Tags
	416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67	https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/24b634852413229bb8340d908b115c3365f3a247
	416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67	https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/4d8f7b1f586375df8bce23a0909566ad5e852259
	416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67	https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/51938dfa8a51a4f85328413fca9b6e21f9d2d088
	416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67	https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e37fba1ba69385cff2d0e60b371ee19e7d1852d1
	416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67	https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ec2d7a52b3996ae81131617b4afc0af31583c1b4
	416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67	https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/fbf69b7d0555ee83c871f58750770f74b7179ad1

Impacted products

	Vendor	Product	Version

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "affectedData": [
        {
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "arch/powerpc/kvm/book3s_hv_nested.c"
          ],
          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThan": "4d8f7b1f586375df8bce23a0909566ad5e852259",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "e3b6b4661527e821ffbe3db83952fdb1e6e47c49",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "e37fba1ba69385cff2d0e60b371ee19e7d1852d1",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "e3b6b4661527e821ffbe3db83952fdb1e6e47c49",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "24b634852413229bb8340d908b115c3365f3a247",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "e3b6b4661527e821ffbe3db83952fdb1e6e47c49",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "fbf69b7d0555ee83c871f58750770f74b7179ad1",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "e3b6b4661527e821ffbe3db83952fdb1e6e47c49",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "ec2d7a52b3996ae81131617b4afc0af31583c1b4",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "e3b6b4661527e821ffbe3db83952fdb1e6e47c49",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "51938dfa8a51a4f85328413fca9b6e21f9d2d088",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "e3b6b4661527e821ffbe3db83952fdb1e6e47c49",
              "versionType": "git"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "defaultStatus": "affected",
          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "arch/powerpc/kvm/book3s_hv_nested.c"
          ],
          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "4.20"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "4.20",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "0",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.1.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.1.189",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.6.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.6.158",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.12.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.12.112",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.18.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.18.54",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "7.2.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "7.2.8",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "7.3-rc4",
              "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67"
    }
  ],
  "cveTags": [],
  "descriptions": [
    {
      "lang": "en",
      "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nKVM: PPC: Book3S HV: fix use-after-free in kvmhv_emulate_tlbie_all_lpid()\n\nkvmhv_emulate_tlbie_all_lpid() iterates the nested-guest IDR and drops\nmmu_lock before calling kvmhv_emulate_tlbie_lpid(), but does not hold a\nreference on the kvm_nested_guest pointer obtained from the IDR.  A\nconcurrent vCPU issuing a single-LPID tlbie (is=2, ric=2) can race\nthrough kvmhv_flush_nested() -\u003e kvmhv_remove_nested() -\u003e idr_remove /\n--refcnt -\u003e kvmhv_release_nested() -\u003e kfree(gp) in that window, leaving\nthe iterating vCPU with a dangling pointer.  The subsequent\nmutex_lock(\u0026gp-\u003etlb_lock) and accesses to gp-\u003eshadow_pgtable,\ngp-\u003eshadow_lpid and gp-\u003el1_host all touch freed memory.  The free path\nis fully L1-controlled.\n\nFix this by incrementing gp-\u003erefcnt inside the loop before dropping\nmmu_lock, mirroring what kvmhv_get_nested() does, and releasing the\nreference with kvmhv_put_nested() after the per-guest work completes.\nThis is the same get/put discipline already used at every other\ncall site that drops mmu_lock while holding a nested-guest pointer."
    }
  ],
  "id": "CVE-2026-98283",
  "lastModified": "2026-10-07T07:17:08.070",
  "metrics": {
    "cvssMetricV31": [
      {
        "cvssData": {
          "attackComplexity": "LOW",
          "attackVector": "LOCAL",
          "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
          "baseScore": 8.8,
          "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
          "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
          "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
          "privilegesRequired": "LOW",
          "scope": "CHANGED",
          "userInteraction": "NONE",
          "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
          "version": "3.1"
        },
        "exploitabilityScore": 2.0,
        "impactScore": 6.0,
        "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "type": "Secondary"
      }
    ]
  },
  "published": "2026-10-06T09:18:18.333",
  "references": [
    {
      "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/24b634852413229bb8340d908b115c3365f3a247"
    },
    {
      "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/4d8f7b1f586375df8bce23a0909566ad5e852259"
    },
    {
      "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/51938dfa8a51a4f85328413fca9b6e21f9d2d088"
    },
    {
      "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e37fba1ba69385cff2d0e60b371ee19e7d1852d1"
    },
    {
      "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ec2d7a52b3996ae81131617b4afc0af31583c1b4"
    },
    {
      "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/fbf69b7d0555ee83c871f58750770f74b7179ad1"
    }
  ],
  "sourceIdentifier": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
  "vulnStatus": "Received"
}

CVE-2026-98283 (GCVE-0-2026-98283)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-06 08:45 – Updated: 2026-10-07 06:49

Title

KVM: PPC: Book3S HV: fix use-after-free in kvmhv_emulate_tlbie_all_lpid()

Summary

Severity

8.8 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

Assigner

Linux CNA under the mitre root

CNA scorecard D 53/100 over 6664 records in the last 180 days details

References

6 references

URL	Tags
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/4d8f7b1f586375df8…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e37fba1ba69385cff…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/24b634852413229bb…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/fbf69b7d0555ee83c…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ec2d7a52b3996ae81…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/51938dfa8a51a4f85…

Impacted products

2 products

Vendor	Product	Version
Linux	Linux	Affected: e3b6b4661527e821ffbe3db83952fdb1e6e47c49 , < 4d8f7b1f586375df8bce23a0909566ad5e852259 (git) Affected: e3b6b4661527e821ffbe3db83952fdb1e6e47c49 , < e37fba1ba69385cff2d0e60b371ee19e7d1852d1 (git) Affected: e3b6b4661527e821ffbe3db83952fdb1e6e47c49 , < 24b634852413229bb8340d908b115c3365f3a247 (git) Affected: e3b6b4661527e821ffbe3db83952fdb1e6e47c49 , < fbf69b7d0555ee83c871f58750770f74b7179ad1 (git) Affected: e3b6b4661527e821ffbe3db83952fdb1e6e47c49 , < ec2d7a52b3996ae81131617b4afc0af31583c1b4 (git) Affected: e3b6b4661527e821ffbe3db83952fdb1e6e47c49 , < 51938dfa8a51a4f85328413fca9b6e21f9d2d088 (git)
Linux	Linux	Affected: 4.20 Unaffected: 0 , < 4.20 (semver) Unaffected: 6.1.189 , ≤ 6.1.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.6.158 , ≤ 6.6.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.12.112 , ≤ 6.12.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.18.54 , ≤ 6.18.* (semver) Unaffected: 7.2.8 , ≤ 7.2.* (semver) Unaffected: 7.3-rc4 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix)

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "containers": {
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "arch/powerpc/kvm/book3s_hv_nested.c"
          ],
          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThan": "4d8f7b1f586375df8bce23a0909566ad5e852259",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "e3b6b4661527e821ffbe3db83952fdb1e6e47c49",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "e37fba1ba69385cff2d0e60b371ee19e7d1852d1",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "e3b6b4661527e821ffbe3db83952fdb1e6e47c49",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "24b634852413229bb8340d908b115c3365f3a247",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "e3b6b4661527e821ffbe3db83952fdb1e6e47c49",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "fbf69b7d0555ee83c871f58750770f74b7179ad1",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "e3b6b4661527e821ffbe3db83952fdb1e6e47c49",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "ec2d7a52b3996ae81131617b4afc0af31583c1b4",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "e3b6b4661527e821ffbe3db83952fdb1e6e47c49",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "51938dfa8a51a4f85328413fca9b6e21f9d2d088",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "e3b6b4661527e821ffbe3db83952fdb1e6e47c49",
              "versionType": "git"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "defaultStatus": "affected",
          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "arch/powerpc/kvm/book3s_hv_nested.c"
          ],
          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "4.20"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "4.20",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "0",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.1.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.1.189",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.6.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.6.158",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.12.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.12.112",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.18.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.18.54",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "7.2.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "7.2.8",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "7.3-rc4",
              "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "cpeApplicability": [
        {
          "nodes": [
            {
              "cpeMatch": [
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.1.189",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "4.20",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.6.158",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "4.20",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.12.112",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "4.20",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.18.54",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "4.20",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "7.2.8",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "4.20",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "7.3-rc4",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "4.20",
                  "vulnerable": true
                }
              ],
              "negate": false,
              "operator": "OR"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nKVM: PPC: Book3S HV: fix use-after-free in kvmhv_emulate_tlbie_all_lpid()\n\nkvmhv_emulate_tlbie_all_lpid() iterates the nested-guest IDR and drops\nmmu_lock before calling kvmhv_emulate_tlbie_lpid(), but does not hold a\nreference on the kvm_nested_guest pointer obtained from the IDR.  A\nconcurrent vCPU issuing a single-LPID tlbie (is=2, ric=2) can race\nthrough kvmhv_flush_nested() -\u003e kvmhv_remove_nested() -\u003e idr_remove /\n--refcnt -\u003e kvmhv_release_nested() -\u003e kfree(gp) in that window, leaving\nthe iterating vCPU with a dangling pointer.  The subsequent\nmutex_lock(\u0026gp-\u003etlb_lock) and accesses to gp-\u003eshadow_pgtable,\ngp-\u003eshadow_lpid and gp-\u003el1_host all touch freed memory.  The free path\nis fully L1-controlled.\n\nFix this by incrementing gp-\u003erefcnt inside the loop before dropping\nmmu_lock, mirroring what kvmhv_get_nested() does, and releasing the\nreference with kvmhv_put_nested() after the per-guest work completes.\nThis is the same get/put discipline already used at every other\ncall site that drops mmu_lock while holding a nested-guest pointer."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "baseScore": 8.8,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "scenarios": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "AV:L - The trigger is the H_TLB_INVALIDATE hcall made by code running inside an L1 guest on the POWER KVM-HV host, via kvmppc_pseries_do_hcall -\u003e kvmhv_do_nested_tlbie -\u003e kvmhv_emulate_priv_tlbie -\u003e kvmhv_emulate_tlbie_all_lpid. No network protocol carries the input; the attacker needs code execution in a local guest.\nAC:L - The L1 controls both sides of the race: one vCPU issues tlbie is=3 (all-LPID walk), another issues is=2 ric=2 after zeroing its own partition-table entry so kvmhv_flush_nested() calls kvmhv_remove_nested() and kfree(gp). Contention on gp-\u003etlb_lock widens the window and the attempt can be repeated. The only outside requirement is the VMM enabling KVM_CAP_PPC_NESTED_HV.\nPR:L - The attacker needs kernel/hypervisor-mode code in a nested-enabled L1 guest, which an ordinary tenant owns, but holds no privilege on the L0 host. The nesting_enabled() check is the only gate before kvmhv_do_nested_tlbie().\nUI:N - The L1 guest issues every hcall and controls every partition-table entry involved. No host operator or other user has to do anything.\nS:C - A guest-controlled vulnerability corrupts memory in the L0 host kernel (the kfree\u0027d kvm_nested_guest object), which crosses the guest-to-host boundary.\nC:H - After the free, kvmhv_emulate_tlbie_lpid() reads gp-\u003eshadow_pgtable, gp-\u003eshadow_lpid and gp-\u003el1_host from the dangling object. A reclaimed object lets the guest steer host page-table walks and host data reads.\nI:H - The freed gp is used for mutex_lock(\u0026gp-\u003etlb_lock), kvmppc_free_pgtable_radix() on gp-\u003eshadow_pgtable, and kvmhv_flush_nested()/kvmhv_put_nested() refcount writes. With a reclaimed object, these become host-kernel write and free primitives the guest controls.\nA:H - Using the freed kvm_nested_guest in the host can oops or panic the L0 host kernel, taking down every guest on the machine. The L1 can trigger it again at will."
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-10-07T06:49:54.642Z",
        "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "shortName": "Linux"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/4d8f7b1f586375df8bce23a0909566ad5e852259"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e37fba1ba69385cff2d0e60b371ee19e7d1852d1"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/24b634852413229bb8340d908b115c3365f3a247"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/fbf69b7d0555ee83c871f58750770f74b7179ad1"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ec2d7a52b3996ae81131617b4afc0af31583c1b4"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/51938dfa8a51a4f85328413fca9b6e21f9d2d088"
        }
      ],
      "title": "KVM: PPC: Book3S HV: fix use-after-free in kvmhv_emulate_tlbie_all_lpid()",
      "x_generator": {
        "engine": "bippy-1.2.0"
      }
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
    "assignerShortName": "Linux",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-98283",
    "datePublished": "2026-10-06T08:45:44.593Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-09-25T10:25:14.335Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-10-07T06:49:54.642Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}

Sightings

Author	Source	Type	Date	Other

Nomenclature

Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.

Vulnerability timeline

Sightings and recorded dates, grouped by day · UTC

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The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base model, served locally by ML-Gateway. They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.

Related by attack behaviour

Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.

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