FKIE_CVE-2026-45919
Vulnerability from fkie_nvd - Published: 2026-05-27 14:17 - Updated: 2026-06-24 17:22
Severity
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
sched/rt: Skip currently executing CPU in rto_next_cpu()
CPU0 becomes overloaded when hosting a CPU-bound RT task, a non-CPU-bound
RT task, and a CFS task stuck in kernel space. When other CPUs switch from
RT to non-RT tasks, RT load balancing (LB) is triggered; with
HAVE_RT_PUSH_IPI enabled, they send IPIs to CPU0 to drive the execution
of rto_push_irq_work_func. During push_rt_task on CPU0,
if next_task->prio < rq->donor->prio, resched_curr() sets NEED_RESCHED
and after the push operation completes, CPU0 calls rto_next_cpu().
Since only CPU0 is overloaded in this scenario, rto_next_cpu() should
ideally return -1 (no further IPI needed).
However, multiple CPUs invoking tell_cpu_to_push() during LB increments
rd->rto_loop_next. Even when rd->rto_cpu is set to -1, the mismatch between
rd->rto_loop and rd->rto_loop_next forces rto_next_cpu() to restart its
search from -1. With CPU0 remaining overloaded (satisfying rt_nr_migratory
&& rt_nr_total > 1), it gets reselected, causing CPU0 to queue irq_work to
itself and send self-IPIs repeatedly. As long as CPU0 stays overloaded and
other CPUs run pull_rt_tasks(), it falls into an infinite self-IPI loop,
which triggers a CPU hardlockup due to continuous self-interrupts.
The trigging scenario is as follows:
cpu0 cpu1 cpu2
pull_rt_task
tell_cpu_to_push
<------------irq_work_queue_on
rto_push_irq_work_func
push_rt_task
resched_curr(rq) pull_rt_task
rto_next_cpu tell_cpu_to_push
<-------------------------- atomic_inc(rto_loop_next)
rd->rto_loop != next
rto_next_cpu
irq_work_queue_on
rto_push_irq_work_func
Fix redundant self-IPI by filtering the initiating CPU in rto_next_cpu().
This solution has been verified to effectively eliminate spurious self-IPIs
and prevent CPU hardlockup scenarios.
References
Impacted products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| linux | linux_kernel | * | |
| linux | linux_kernel | * | |
| linux | linux_kernel | * | |
| linux | linux_kernel | * | |
| linux | linux_kernel | * | |
| linux | linux_kernel | * | |
| linux | linux_kernel | * | |
| linux | linux_kernel | * | |
| linux | linux_kernel | * |
{
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{
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"product": "Linux",
"programFiles": [
"kernel/sched/rt.c"
],
"repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
"vendor": "Linux",
"versions": [
{
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"status": "affected",
"version": "4bdced5c9a2922521e325896a7bbbf0132c94e56",
"versionType": "git"
},
{
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"status": "affected",
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"versionType": "git"
},
{
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"status": "affected",
"version": "4bdced5c9a2922521e325896a7bbbf0132c94e56",
"versionType": "git"
},
{
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"status": "affected",
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"versionType": "git"
},
{
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"status": "affected",
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"versionType": "git"
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"status": "affected",
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"versionType": "git"
},
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"status": "affected",
"version": "4bdced5c9a2922521e325896a7bbbf0132c94e56",
"versionType": "git"
},
{
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{
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"version": "cb1831a83e54cd3269a2420fce81c4fd8ae6f667",
"versionType": "git"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "1c37ff78298a6b6063649123356a312e1cce12ca",
"versionType": "git"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "f17c786b28a3060a566a170c2cf3bd7441fc30a3",
"versionType": "git"
},
{
"lessThan": "4.5",
"status": "affected",
"version": "4.4.103",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThan": "4.10",
"status": "affected",
"version": "4.9.66",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThan": "4.15",
"status": "affected",
"version": "4.14.3",
"versionType": "semver"
}
]
},
{
"defaultStatus": "affected",
"product": "Linux",
"programFiles": [
"kernel/sched/rt.c"
],
"repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
"vendor": "Linux",
"versions": [
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "4.15"
},
{
"lessThan": "4.15",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "0",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "5.10.*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "5.10.252",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "5.15.*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "5.15.202",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "6.1.*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "6.1.165",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "6.6.*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "6.6.128",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "6.12.*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "6.12.75",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "6.18.*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "6.18.14",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "6.19.*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "6.19.4",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "7.0",
"versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
}
]
}
],
"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67"
}
],
"configurations": [
{
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"cveTags": [],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nsched/rt: Skip currently executing CPU in rto_next_cpu()\n\nCPU0 becomes overloaded when hosting a CPU-bound RT task, a non-CPU-bound\nRT task, and a CFS task stuck in kernel space. When other CPUs switch from\nRT to non-RT tasks, RT load balancing (LB) is triggered; with\nHAVE_RT_PUSH_IPI enabled, they send IPIs to CPU0 to drive the execution\nof rto_push_irq_work_func. During push_rt_task on CPU0,\nif next_task-\u003eprio \u003c rq-\u003edonor-\u003eprio, resched_curr() sets NEED_RESCHED\nand after the push operation completes, CPU0 calls rto_next_cpu().\nSince only CPU0 is overloaded in this scenario, rto_next_cpu() should\nideally return -1 (no further IPI needed).\n\nHowever, multiple CPUs invoking tell_cpu_to_push() during LB increments\nrd-\u003erto_loop_next. Even when rd-\u003erto_cpu is set to -1, the mismatch between\nrd-\u003erto_loop and rd-\u003erto_loop_next forces rto_next_cpu() to restart its\nsearch from -1. With CPU0 remaining overloaded (satisfying rt_nr_migratory\n\u0026\u0026 rt_nr_total \u003e 1), it gets reselected, causing CPU0 to queue irq_work to\nitself and send self-IPIs repeatedly. As long as CPU0 stays overloaded and\nother CPUs run pull_rt_tasks(), it falls into an infinite self-IPI loop,\nwhich triggers a CPU hardlockup due to continuous self-interrupts.\n\nThe trigging scenario is as follows:\n\n cpu0 cpu1 cpu2\n pull_rt_task\n tell_cpu_to_push\n \u003c------------irq_work_queue_on\nrto_push_irq_work_func\n push_rt_task\n resched_curr(rq) pull_rt_task\n rto_next_cpu tell_cpu_to_push\n \u003c-------------------------- atomic_inc(rto_loop_next)\nrd-\u003erto_loop != next\n rto_next_cpu\n irq_work_queue_on\nrto_push_irq_work_func\n\nFix redundant self-IPI by filtering the initiating CPU in rto_next_cpu().\nThis solution has been verified to effectively eliminate spurious self-IPIs\nand prevent CPU hardlockup scenarios."
}
],
"id": "CVE-2026-45919",
"lastModified": "2026-06-24T17:22:38.663",
"metrics": {
"cvssMetricV31": [
{
"cvssData": {
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackVector": "LOCAL",
"availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
"baseScore": 5.5,
"baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
"confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
"integrityImpact": "NONE",
"privilegesRequired": "LOW",
"scope": "UNCHANGED",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"version": "3.1"
},
"exploitabilityScore": 1.8,
"impactScore": 3.6,
"source": "nvd@nist.gov",
"type": "Primary"
}
]
},
"published": "2026-05-27T14:17:06.790",
"references": [
{
"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
"tags": [
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],
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/16ca9f3117e9a294646c897daf08a5ab546c711b"
},
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},
{
"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
"tags": [
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"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d57d0746276a88ea43a2cc62b849fd8a95e32e41"
}
],
"sourceIdentifier": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
"vulnStatus": "Undergoing Analysis",
"weaknesses": [
{
"description": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "CWE-835"
}
],
"source": "nvd@nist.gov",
"type": "Primary"
}
]
}
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