FKIE_CVE-2025-40054

Vulnerability from fkie_nvd - Published: 2025-10-28 12:15 - Updated: 2026-10-19 21:10
Severity
7.8 (High) - CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: f2fs: fix UAF issue in f2fs_merge_page_bio() As JY reported in bugzilla [1], Unable to handle kernel NULL pointer dereference at virtual address 0000000000000000 pc : [0xffffffe51d249484] f2fs_is_cp_guaranteed+0x70/0x98 lr : [0xffffffe51d24adbc] f2fs_merge_page_bio+0x520/0x6d4 CPU: 3 UID: 0 PID: 6790 Comm: kworker/u16:3 Tainted: P B W OE 6.12.30-android16-5-maybe-dirty-4k #1 5f7701c9cbf727d1eebe77c89bbbeb3371e895e5 Tainted: [P]=PROPRIETARY_MODULE, [B]=BAD_PAGE, [W]=WARN, [O]=OOT_MODULE, [E]=UNSIGNED_MODULE Workqueue: writeback wb_workfn (flush-254:49) Call trace: f2fs_is_cp_guaranteed+0x70/0x98 f2fs_inplace_write_data+0x174/0x2f4 f2fs_do_write_data_page+0x214/0x81c f2fs_write_single_data_page+0x28c/0x764 f2fs_write_data_pages+0x78c/0xce4 do_writepages+0xe8/0x2fc __writeback_single_inode+0x4c/0x4b4 writeback_sb_inodes+0x314/0x540 __writeback_inodes_wb+0xa4/0xf4 wb_writeback+0x160/0x448 wb_workfn+0x2f0/0x5dc process_scheduled_works+0x1c8/0x458 worker_thread+0x334/0x3f0 kthread+0x118/0x1ac ret_from_fork+0x10/0x20 [1] https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=220575 The panic was caused by UAF issue w/ below race condition: kworker - writepages - f2fs_write_cache_pages - f2fs_write_single_data_page - f2fs_do_write_data_page - f2fs_inplace_write_data - f2fs_merge_page_bio - add_inu_page : cache page #1 into bio & cache bio in io->bio_list - f2fs_write_single_data_page - f2fs_do_write_data_page - f2fs_inplace_write_data - f2fs_merge_page_bio - add_inu_page : cache page #2 into bio which is linked in io->bio_list write - f2fs_write_begin : write page #1 - f2fs_folio_wait_writeback - f2fs_submit_merged_ipu_write - f2fs_submit_write_bio : submit bio which inclues page #1 and #2 software IRQ - f2fs_write_end_io - fscrypt_free_bounce_page : freed bounced page which belongs to page #2 - inc_page_count( , WB_DATA_TYPE(data_folio), false) : data_folio points to fio->encrypted_page the bounced page can be freed before accessing it in f2fs_is_cp_guarantee() It can reproduce w/ below testcase: Run below script in shell #1: for ((i=1;i>0;i++)) do xfs_io -f /mnt/f2fs/enc/file \ -c "pwrite 0 32k" -c "fdatasync" Run below script in shell #2: for ((i=1;i>0;i++)) do xfs_io -f /mnt/f2fs/enc/file \ -c "pwrite 0 32k" -c "fdatasync" So, in f2fs_merge_page_bio(), let's avoid using fio->encrypted_page after commit page into internal ipu cache.
References
416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/01118321e0c8a5f3ece57d0d377bfc92d83cd210
416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/1f7b44b4a2b2939f08b279cbb9e6b5dcb8ffea32
416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/410337c2301ae78a081e1b5ebbe8ec374fef4cb6
416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/68e094232dfe5027c4fd2dcded93d2d6800bae04
416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/7dd611131d82d7fc4212b555eb1103160bdad302
416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e193d8953647c8b575830852aa5ea0995b98d2b1
416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/edf7e9040fc52c922db947f9c6c36f07377c52ea
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "affectedData": [
        {
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "fs/f2fs/data.c"
          ],
          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThan": "1f7b44b4a2b2939f08b279cbb9e6b5dcb8ffea32",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "0b20fcec8651569935a10afe03fedc0b812d044e",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "e193d8953647c8b575830852aa5ea0995b98d2b1",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "0b20fcec8651569935a10afe03fedc0b812d044e",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "410337c2301ae78a081e1b5ebbe8ec374fef4cb6",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "0b20fcec8651569935a10afe03fedc0b812d044e",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "68e094232dfe5027c4fd2dcded93d2d6800bae04",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "0b20fcec8651569935a10afe03fedc0b812d044e",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "7dd611131d82d7fc4212b555eb1103160bdad302",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "0b20fcec8651569935a10afe03fedc0b812d044e",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "01118321e0c8a5f3ece57d0d377bfc92d83cd210",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "0b20fcec8651569935a10afe03fedc0b812d044e",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "edf7e9040fc52c922db947f9c6c36f07377c52ea",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "0b20fcec8651569935a10afe03fedc0b812d044e",
              "versionType": "git"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "defaultStatus": "affected",
          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "fs/f2fs/data.c"
          ],
          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "5.5"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "5.5",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "0",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "5.10.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "5.10.266",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "5.15.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "5.15.217",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.1.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.1.184",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.6.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.6.153",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.12.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.12.105",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.17.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.17.3",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.18",
              "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67"
    }
  ],
  "cveTags": [],
  "descriptions": [
    {
      "lang": "en",
      "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nf2fs: fix UAF issue in f2fs_merge_page_bio()\n\nAs JY reported in bugzilla [1],\n\nUnable to handle kernel NULL pointer dereference at virtual address 0000000000000000\npc : [0xffffffe51d249484] f2fs_is_cp_guaranteed+0x70/0x98\nlr : [0xffffffe51d24adbc] f2fs_merge_page_bio+0x520/0x6d4\nCPU: 3 UID: 0 PID: 6790 Comm: kworker/u16:3 Tainted: P    B   W  OE      6.12.30-android16-5-maybe-dirty-4k #1 5f7701c9cbf727d1eebe77c89bbbeb3371e895e5\nTainted: [P]=PROPRIETARY_MODULE, [B]=BAD_PAGE, [W]=WARN, [O]=OOT_MODULE, [E]=UNSIGNED_MODULE\nWorkqueue: writeback wb_workfn (flush-254:49)\nCall trace:\n f2fs_is_cp_guaranteed+0x70/0x98\n f2fs_inplace_write_data+0x174/0x2f4\n f2fs_do_write_data_page+0x214/0x81c\n f2fs_write_single_data_page+0x28c/0x764\n f2fs_write_data_pages+0x78c/0xce4\n do_writepages+0xe8/0x2fc\n __writeback_single_inode+0x4c/0x4b4\n writeback_sb_inodes+0x314/0x540\n __writeback_inodes_wb+0xa4/0xf4\n wb_writeback+0x160/0x448\n wb_workfn+0x2f0/0x5dc\n process_scheduled_works+0x1c8/0x458\n worker_thread+0x334/0x3f0\n kthread+0x118/0x1ac\n ret_from_fork+0x10/0x20\n\n[1] https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=220575\n\nThe panic was caused by UAF issue w/ below race condition:\n\nkworker\n- writepages\n - f2fs_write_cache_pages\n  - f2fs_write_single_data_page\n   - f2fs_do_write_data_page\n    - f2fs_inplace_write_data\n     - f2fs_merge_page_bio\n      - add_inu_page\n      : cache page #1 into bio \u0026 cache bio in\n        io-\u003ebio_list\n  - f2fs_write_single_data_page\n   - f2fs_do_write_data_page\n    - f2fs_inplace_write_data\n     - f2fs_merge_page_bio\n      - add_inu_page\n      : cache page #2 into bio which is linked\n        in io-\u003ebio_list\n\t\t\t\t\t\twrite\n\t\t\t\t\t\t- f2fs_write_begin\n\t\t\t\t\t\t: write page #1\n\t\t\t\t\t\t - f2fs_folio_wait_writeback\n\t\t\t\t\t\t  - f2fs_submit_merged_ipu_write\n\t\t\t\t\t\t   - f2fs_submit_write_bio\n\t\t\t\t\t\t   : submit bio which inclues page #1 and #2\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\tsoftware IRQ\n\t\t\t\t\t\t- f2fs_write_end_io\n\t\t\t\t\t\t - fscrypt_free_bounce_page\n\t\t\t\t\t\t : freed bounced page which belongs to page #2\n      - inc_page_count( , WB_DATA_TYPE(data_folio), false)\n      : data_folio points to fio-\u003eencrypted_page\n        the bounced page can be freed before\n        accessing it in f2fs_is_cp_guarantee()\n\nIt can reproduce w/ below testcase:\nRun below script in shell #1:\nfor ((i=1;i\u003e0;i++)) do xfs_io -f /mnt/f2fs/enc/file \\\n-c \"pwrite 0 32k\" -c \"fdatasync\"\n\nRun below script in shell #2:\nfor ((i=1;i\u003e0;i++)) do xfs_io -f /mnt/f2fs/enc/file \\\n-c \"pwrite 0 32k\" -c \"fdatasync\"\n\nSo, in f2fs_merge_page_bio(), let\u0027s avoid using fio-\u003eencrypted_page after\ncommit page into internal ipu cache."
    },
    {
      "lang": "es",
      "value": "En el kernel de Linux, la siguiente vulnerabilidad ha sido resuelta:\n\nf2fs: corrige el problema UAF en f2fs_merge_page_bio()\n\nComo JY inform\u00f3 en bugzilla [1],\n\nNo se puede manejar la desreferencia de puntero NULL del kernel en la direcci\u00f3n virtual 0000000000000000\npc : [0xffffffe51d249484] f2fs_is_cp_guaranteed+0x70/0x98\nlr : [0xffffffe51d24adbc] f2fs_merge_page_bio+0x520/0x6d4\nCPU: 3 UID: 0 PID: 6790 Comm: kworker/u16:3 Tainted: P    B   W  OE      6.12.30-android16-5-maybe-dirty-4k #1 5f7701c9cbf727d1eebe77c89bbbeb3371e895e5\nTainted: [P]=M\u00d3DULO_PROPIETARIO, [B]=P\u00c1GINA_DA\u00d1ADA, [W]=ADVERTENCIA, [O]=M\u00d3DULO_FUERA_DE_\u00c1RBOL, [E]=M\u00d3DULO_NO_FIRMADO\nWorkqueue: writeback wb_workfn (flush-254:49)\nTraza de llamada:\n f2fs_is_cp_guaranteed+0x70/0x98\n f2fs_inplace_write_data+0x174/0x2f4\n f2fs_do_write_data_page+0x214/0x81c\n f2fs_write_single_data_page+0x28c/0x764\n f2fs_write_data_pages+0x78c/0xce4\n do_writepages+0xe8/0x2fc\n __writeback_single_inode+0x4c/0x4b4\n writeback_sb_inodes+0x314/0x540\n __writeback_inodes_wb+0xa4/0xf4\n wb_writeback+0x160/0x448\n wb_workfn+0x2f0/0x5dc\n process_scheduled_works+0x1c8/0x458\n worker_thread+0x334/0x3f0\n kthread+0x118/0x1ac\n ret_from_fork+0x10/0x20\n\n[1] https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=220575\n\nEl p\u00e1nico fue causado por un problema UAF con la siguiente condici\u00f3n de carrera:\n\nkworker\n- writepages\n - f2fs_write_cache_pages\n  - f2fs_write_single_data_page\n   - f2fs_do_write_data_page\n    - f2fs_inplace_write_data\n     - f2fs_merge_page_bio\n      - add_inu_page\n      : almacena en cach\u00e9 la p\u00e1gina #1 en bio y almacena en cach\u00e9 bio en\n        io-\u003ebio_list\n  - f2fs_write_single_data_page\n   - f2fs_do_write_data_page\n    - f2fs_inplace_write_data\n     - f2fs_merge_page_bio\n      - add_inu_page\n      : almacena en cach\u00e9 la p\u00e1gina #2 en bio que est\u00e1 vinculada\n        en io-\u003ebio_list\n\t\t\t\t\t\twrite\n\t\t\t\t\t\t- f2fs_write_begin\n\t\t\t\t\t\t: escribe la p\u00e1gina #1\n\t\t\t\t\t\t - f2fs_folio_wait_writeback\n\t\t\t\t\t\t  - f2fs_submit_merged_ipu_write\n\t\t\t\t\t\t   - f2fs_submit_write_bio\n\t\t\t\t\t\t   : env\u00eda bio que incluye la p\u00e1gina #1 y #2\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\tsoftware IRQ\n\t\t\t\t\t\t- f2fs_write_end_io\n\t\t\t\t\t\t - fscrypt_free_bounce_page\n\t\t\t\t\t\t : p\u00e1gina rebotada liberada que pertenece a la p\u00e1gina #2\n      - inc_page_count( , WB_DATA_TYPE(data_folio), false)\n      : data_folio apunta a fio-\u003eencrypted_page\n        la p\u00e1gina rebotada puede ser liberada antes de\n        acceder a ella en f2fs_is_cp_guarantee()\n\nSe puede reproducir con el siguiente caso de prueba:\nEjecuta el siguiente script en el shell #1:\nfor ((i=1;i\u003e0;i++)) do xfs_io -f /mnt/f2fs/enc/file \\\n-c \u0027pwrite 0 32k\u0027 -c \u0027fdatasync\u0027\n\nEjecuta el siguiente script en el shell #2:\nfor ((i=1;i\u003e0;i++)) do xfs_io -f /mnt/f2fs/enc/file \\\n-c \u0027pwrite 0 32k\u0027 -c \u0027fdatasync\u0027\n\nAs\u00ed que, en f2fs_merge_page_bio(), evitemos usar fio-\u003eencrypted_page despu\u00e9s de\nconfirmar la p\u00e1gina en la cach\u00e9 ipu interna."
    }
  ],
  "id": "CVE-2025-40054",
  "lastModified": "2026-10-19T21:10:00.160",
  "metrics": {
    "cvssMetricV31": [
      {
        "cvssData": {
          "attackComplexity": "LOW",
          "attackVector": "LOCAL",
          "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
          "baseScore": 7.8,
          "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
          "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
          "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
          "privilegesRequired": "LOW",
          "scope": "UNCHANGED",
          "userInteraction": "NONE",
          "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
          "version": "3.1"
        },
        "exploitabilityScore": 1.8,
        "impactScore": 5.9,
        "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "type": "Secondary"
      }
    ]
  },
  "published": "2025-10-28T12:15:39.640",
  "references": [
    {
      "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/01118321e0c8a5f3ece57d0d377bfc92d83cd210"
    },
    {
      "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/1f7b44b4a2b2939f08b279cbb9e6b5dcb8ffea32"
    },
    {
      "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/410337c2301ae78a081e1b5ebbe8ec374fef4cb6"
    },
    {
      "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/68e094232dfe5027c4fd2dcded93d2d6800bae04"
    },
    {
      "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/7dd611131d82d7fc4212b555eb1103160bdad302"
    },
    {
      "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e193d8953647c8b575830852aa5ea0995b98d2b1"
    },
    {
      "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/edf7e9040fc52c922db947f9c6c36f07377c52ea"
    }
  ],
  "sourceIdentifier": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
  "vulnStatus": "Deferred"
}



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