Vulnerability-Lookup

FKIE_CVE-2025-39873

Vulnerability from fkie_nvd - Published: 2025-09-23 06:15 - Updated: 2026-10-19 21:10

Severity

7.8 (High) - CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
7.8 (High) - CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Summary

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: can: xilinx_can: xcan_write_frame(): fix use-after-free of transmitted SKB can_put_echo_skb() takes ownership of the SKB and it may be freed during or after the call. However, xilinx_can xcan_write_frame() keeps using SKB after the call. Fix that by only calling can_put_echo_skb() after the code is done touching the SKB. The tx_lock is held for the entire xcan_write_frame() execution and also on the can_get_echo_skb() side so the order of operations does not matter. An earlier fix commit 3d3c817c3a40 ("can: xilinx_can: Fix usage of skb memory") did not move the can_put_echo_skb() call far enough. [mkl: add "commit" in front of sha1 in patch description] [mkl: fix indention]

References

URL	Tags
416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67	https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/1139321161a3ba5e45e61e0738b37f42f20bc57a	Patch
416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67	https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/668cc1e3bb21101d074e430de1b7ba8fd10189e7	Patch
416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67	https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/725b33deebd6e4c96fe7893f384510a54258f28f	Patch
416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67	https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/94b050726288a56a6b8ff55aa641f2fedbd3b44c	Patch
416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67	https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e202ffd9e54538ef67ec301ebd6d9da4823466c9	Patch
416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67	https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ef79f00be72bd81d2e1e6f060d83cf7e425deee4	Patch
af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108	https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/10/msg00008.html	Mailing List, Third Party Advisory

Impacted products

Vendor	Product	Version
linux	linux_kernel	*
linux	linux_kernel	*
linux	linux_kernel	*
linux	linux_kernel	*
linux	linux_kernel	*
linux	linux_kernel	6.17
linux	linux_kernel	6.17
linux	linux_kernel	6.17
linux	linux_kernel	6.17
linux	linux_kernel	6.17
debian	debian_linux	11.0

JSON

To clipboard

{
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          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "drivers/net/can/xilinx_can.c"
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  "cveTags": [],
  "descriptions": [
    {
      "lang": "en",
      "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\ncan: xilinx_can: xcan_write_frame(): fix use-after-free of transmitted SKB\n\ncan_put_echo_skb() takes ownership of the SKB and it may be freed\nduring or after the call.\n\nHowever, xilinx_can xcan_write_frame() keeps using SKB after the call.\n\nFix that by only calling can_put_echo_skb() after the code is done\ntouching the SKB.\n\nThe tx_lock is held for the entire xcan_write_frame() execution and\nalso on the can_get_echo_skb() side so the order of operations does not\nmatter.\n\nAn earlier fix commit 3d3c817c3a40 (\"can: xilinx_can: Fix usage of skb\nmemory\") did not move the can_put_echo_skb() call far enough.\n\n[mkl: add \"commit\" in front of sha1 in patch description]\n[mkl: fix indention]"
    },
    {
      "lang": "es",
      "value": "En el kernel de Linux, la siguiente vulnerabilidad ha sido resuelta:\n\ncan: xilinx_can: xcan_write_frame(): corregir uso despu\u00e9s de liberaci\u00f3n del SKB transmitido\n\ncan_put_echo_skb() toma posesi\u00f3n del SKB y este puede ser liberado durante o despu\u00e9s de la llamada.\n\nSin embargo, xilinx_can xcan_write_frame() sigue usando el SKB despu\u00e9s de la llamada.\n\nCorregir eso llamando a can_put_echo_skb() solo despu\u00e9s de que el c\u00f3digo haya terminado de manipular el SKB.\n\nEl tx_lock se mantiene durante toda la ejecuci\u00f3n de xcan_write_frame() y tambi\u00e9n en el lado de can_get_echo_skb(), por lo que el orden de las operaciones no importa.\n\nUn commit de correcci\u00f3n anterior 3d3c817c3a40 (\u0027can: xilinx_can: Corregir el uso de la memoria skb\u0027) no movi\u00f3 la llamada a can_put_echo_skb() lo suficientemente lejos.\n\n[mkl: a\u00f1adir \u0027commit\u0027 delante de sha1 en la descripci\u00f3n del parche]\n[mkl: corregir sangr\u00eda]"
    }
  ],
  "id": "CVE-2025-39873",
  "lastModified": "2026-10-19T21:10:00.160",
  "metrics": {
    "cvssMetricV31": [
      {
        "cvssData": {
          "attackComplexity": "LOW",
          "attackVector": "LOCAL",
          "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
          "baseScore": 7.8,
          "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
          "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
          "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
          "privilegesRequired": "LOW",
          "scope": "UNCHANGED",
          "userInteraction": "NONE",
          "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
          "version": "3.1"
        },
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        "type": "Secondary"
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        "exploitabilityScore": 1.8,
        "impactScore": 5.9,
        "source": "nvd@nist.gov",
        "type": "Primary"
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  "published": "2025-09-23T06:15:46.670",
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      "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
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  "vulnStatus": "Modified",
  "weaknesses": [
    {
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          "lang": "en",
          "value": "CWE-416"
        }
      ],
      "source": "nvd@nist.gov",
      "type": "Primary"
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  ]
}

CVE-2025-39873 (GCVE-0-2025-39873)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-09-23 06:00 – Updated: 2026-08-05 12:05

Title

can: xilinx_can: xcan_write_frame(): fix use-after-free of transmitted SKB

Summary

Severity

7.8 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Assigner

Linux CNA under the mitre root

CNA scorecard D 53/100 over 7033 records in the last 180 days details

References

7 references

URL	Tags
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e202ffd9e54538ef6…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/1139321161a3ba5e4…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/94b050726288a56a6…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/725b33deebd6e4c96…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/668cc1e3bb21101d0…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ef79f00be72bd81d2…
https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025…

Impacted products

2 products

Vendor	Product	Version
Linux	Linux	Affected: 1598efe57b3e768056e4ca56cb9cf33111e68d1c , < e202ffd9e54538ef67ec301ebd6d9da4823466c9 (git) Affected: 1598efe57b3e768056e4ca56cb9cf33111e68d1c , < 1139321161a3ba5e45e61e0738b37f42f20bc57a (git) Affected: 1598efe57b3e768056e4ca56cb9cf33111e68d1c , < 94b050726288a56a6b8ff55aa641f2fedbd3b44c (git) Affected: 1598efe57b3e768056e4ca56cb9cf33111e68d1c , < 725b33deebd6e4c96fe7893f384510a54258f28f (git) Affected: 1598efe57b3e768056e4ca56cb9cf33111e68d1c , < 668cc1e3bb21101d074e430de1b7ba8fd10189e7 (git) Affected: 1598efe57b3e768056e4ca56cb9cf33111e68d1c , < ef79f00be72bd81d2e1e6f060d83cf7e425deee4 (git)
Linux	Linux	Affected: 4.19 Unaffected: 0 , < 4.19 (semver) Unaffected: 5.15.194 , ≤ 5.15.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.1.153 , ≤ 6.1.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.6.107 , ≤ 6.6.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.12.48 , ≤ 6.12.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.16.8 , ≤ 6.16.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.17 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix)

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "containers": {
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      {
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2025-11-03T17:44:20.103Z",
          "orgId": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
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        "references": [
          {
            "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/10/msg00008.html"
          }
        ],
        "title": "CVE Program Container"
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                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.12.48",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "4.19",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.16.8",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "4.19",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.17",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "4.19",
                  "vulnerable": true
                }
              ],
              "negate": false,
              "operator": "OR"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\ncan: xilinx_can: xcan_write_frame(): fix use-after-free of transmitted SKB\n\ncan_put_echo_skb() takes ownership of the SKB and it may be freed\nduring or after the call.\n\nHowever, xilinx_can xcan_write_frame() keeps using SKB after the call.\n\nFix that by only calling can_put_echo_skb() after the code is done\ntouching the SKB.\n\nThe tx_lock is held for the entire xcan_write_frame() execution and\nalso on the can_get_echo_skb() side so the order of operations does not\nmatter.\n\nAn earlier fix commit 3d3c817c3a40 (\"can: xilinx_can: Fix usage of skb\nmemory\") did not move the can_put_echo_skb() call far enough.\n\n[mkl: add \"commit\" in front of sha1 in patch description]\n[mkl: fix indention]"
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "baseScore": 7.8,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "scenarios": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "AV:L - The vulnerable code is only reached from `ndo_start_xmit` on the xilinx_can device, i.e. by a local process transmitting a frame through a `PF_CAN` socket (`sendmsg()`); received bus traffic does not enter this path. Exploitation therefore requires local system access.\nAC:L - The attacker drives both the transmission and the conditions that make `can_put_echo_skb()` free the SKB (TX flooding to saturate the FIFO/echo slots, memory pressure to fail the `GFP_ATOMIC` `skb_clone`), and can retry indefinitely at line rate; the free is not a race the attacker cannot influence.\nPR:L - `can_create()` in net/can/af_can.c and the CAN_RAW protocol perform no capability check, so any unprivileged local user can open a raw CAN socket, bind it to the interface and transmit. No root or CAP_NET_ADMIN is needed to reach `xcan_write_frame()`.\nUI:N - The attacker\u0027s own `sendmsg()` call drives the whole path; no victim action or cooperation is required.\nS:U - The corruption stays within the kernel\u0027s own security authority \u2014 freed kernel heap and the driver\u0027s MMIO window \u2014 with no crossing of a hypervisor, IOMMU or sandbox boundary.\nC:H - The UAF reads freed (and, with a groomed `cf-\u003elen`, out-of-bounds) kernel heap contents and writes them into the CAN controller\u0027s TX registers, which are then transmitted on the physical CAN bus where any node \u2014 including the attacker\u0027s \u2014 can read them, giving direct kernel memory disclosure.\nI:H - `cf-\u003elen` read from reclaimed memory is unbounded (up to 255), so the write loop overruns the mailbox\u0027s data window and writes attacker-influenced dwords into adjacent CAN controller registers, and a UAF of this kind is generally leverageable into heap-spray-based write primitives; it also injects arbitrary frame content onto a safety-critical bus.\nA:H - The use-after-free triggers a KASAN panic on hardened kernels, and the out-of-bounds register writes plus lost echo-SKB accounting corrupt controller state and permanently wedge the TX queue (`netif_stop_queue()` with no matching completion), producing a crash or denial of CAN service."
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T12:05:49.898Z",
        "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "shortName": "Linux"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e202ffd9e54538ef67ec301ebd6d9da4823466c9"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/1139321161a3ba5e45e61e0738b37f42f20bc57a"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/94b050726288a56a6b8ff55aa641f2fedbd3b44c"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/725b33deebd6e4c96fe7893f384510a54258f28f"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/668cc1e3bb21101d074e430de1b7ba8fd10189e7"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ef79f00be72bd81d2e1e6f060d83cf7e425deee4"
        }
      ],
      "title": "can: xilinx_can: xcan_write_frame(): fix use-after-free of transmitted SKB",
      "x_generator": {
        "engine": "bippy-1.2.0"
      }
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
    "assignerShortName": "Linux",
    "cveId": "CVE-2025-39873",
    "datePublished": "2025-09-23T06:00:46.157Z",
    "dateReserved": "2025-04-16T07:20:57.144Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T12:05:49.898Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}

Sightings

Author	Source	Type	Date	Other

Nomenclature

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Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.

Vulnerability timeline

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The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base model, served locally by ML-Gateway. They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
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Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.

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