Vulnerability-Lookup

FKIE_CVE-2024-26801

Vulnerability from fkie_nvd - Published: 2024-04-04 09:15 - Updated: 2026-08-04 11:17

Severity

8.8 (High) - CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
5.5 (Medium) - CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

Summary

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: Bluetooth: Avoid potential use-after-free in hci_error_reset While handling the HCI_EV_HARDWARE_ERROR event, if the underlying BT controller is not responding, the GPIO reset mechanism would free the hci_dev and lead to a use-after-free in hci_error_reset. Here's the call trace observed on a ChromeOS device with Intel AX201: queue_work_on+0x3e/0x6c __hci_cmd_sync_sk+0x2ee/0x4c0 [bluetooth <HASH:3b4a6>] ? init_wait_entry+0x31/0x31 __hci_cmd_sync+0x16/0x20 [bluetooth <HASH:3b4a 6>] hci_error_reset+0x4f/0xa4 [bluetooth <HASH:3b4a 6>] process_one_work+0x1d8/0x33f worker_thread+0x21b/0x373 kthread+0x13a/0x152 ? pr_cont_work+0x54/0x54 ? kthread_blkcg+0x31/0x31 ret_from_fork+0x1f/0x30 This patch holds the reference count on the hci_dev while processing a HCI_EV_HARDWARE_ERROR event to avoid potential crash.

References

URL	Tags
416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67	https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/2449007d3f73b2842c9734f45f0aadb522daf592	Patch
416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67	https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/2ab9a19d896f5a0dd386e1f001c5309bc35f433b	Patch
416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67	https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/45085686b9559bfbe3a4f41d3d695a520668f5e1	Patch
416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67	https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/6dd0a9dfa99f8990a08eb8fdd8e79bee31c7d8e2	Patch
416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67	https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/98fb98fd37e42fd4ce13ff657ea64503e24b6090	Patch
416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67	https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/da4569d450b193e39e87119fd316c0291b585d14	Patch
416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67	https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/dd594cdc24f2e48dab441732e6dfcafd6b0711d1	Patch
416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67	https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e0b278650f07acf2e0932149183458468a731c03	Patch
af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108	https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/2449007d3f73b2842c9734f45f0aadb522daf592	Patch
af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108	https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/2ab9a19d896f5a0dd386e1f001c5309bc35f433b	Patch
af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108	https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/45085686b9559bfbe3a4f41d3d695a520668f5e1	Patch
af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108	https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/6dd0a9dfa99f8990a08eb8fdd8e79bee31c7d8e2	Patch
af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108	https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/98fb98fd37e42fd4ce13ff657ea64503e24b6090	Patch
af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108	https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/da4569d450b193e39e87119fd316c0291b585d14	Patch
af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108	https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/dd594cdc24f2e48dab441732e6dfcafd6b0711d1	Patch
af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108	https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e0b278650f07acf2e0932149183458468a731c03	Patch
af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108	https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2024/06/msg00017.html	Patch
af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108	https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2024/06/msg00020.html	Patch

Impacted products

Vendor	Product	Version
linux	linux_kernel	*
linux	linux_kernel	*
linux	linux_kernel	*
linux	linux_kernel	*
linux	linux_kernel	*
linux	linux_kernel	*
linux	linux_kernel	*
linux	linux_kernel	6.8
linux	linux_kernel	6.8
linux	linux_kernel	6.8
linux	linux_kernel	6.8
linux	linux_kernel	6.8
linux	linux_kernel	6.8

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "affectedData": [
        {
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "net/bluetooth/hci_core.c"
          ],
          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "versions": [
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              "lessThan": "e0b278650f07acf2e0932149183458468a731c03",
              "status": "affected",
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              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
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              "status": "affected",
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              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "2449007d3f73b2842c9734f45f0aadb522daf592",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "c7741d16a57cbf97eebe53f27e8216b1ff20e20c",
              "versionType": "git"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "defaultStatus": "affected",
          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "net/bluetooth/hci_core.c"
          ],
          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "4.0"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "4.0",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "0",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "4.19.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "4.19.309",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "5.4.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "5.4.271",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "5.10.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "5.10.212",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "5.15.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "5.15.151",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.1.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.1.81",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.6.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.6.21",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.7.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.7.9",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.8",
              "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67"
    }
  ],
  "configurations": [
    {
      "nodes": [
        {
          "cpeMatch": [
            {
              "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
              "matchCriteriaId": "CF2CC731-FB5F-4BC2-8534-444E3A0DBB80",
              "versionEndExcluding": "4.19.309",
              "versionStartIncluding": "4.0",
              "vulnerable": true
            },
            {
              "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
              "matchCriteriaId": "7BE17E30-58A5-468C-A06E-28C355F4F8DD",
              "versionEndExcluding": "5.4.271",
              "versionStartIncluding": "4.20",
              "vulnerable": true
            },
            {
              "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
              "matchCriteriaId": "01B34738-A022-44A9-9250-DCBC76539CB9",
              "versionEndExcluding": "5.10.212",
              "versionStartIncluding": "5.5",
              "vulnerable": true
            },
            {
              "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
              "matchCriteriaId": "EEAFD33E-C22F-4FB1-A417-9C96AB3E0358",
              "versionEndExcluding": "5.15.151",
              "versionStartIncluding": "5.11",
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            },
            {
              "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
              "matchCriteriaId": "EC825B0E-DFCA-4034-9B92-F111A4E2A732",
              "versionEndExcluding": "6.1.81",
              "versionStartIncluding": "5.16",
              "vulnerable": true
            },
            {
              "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
              "matchCriteriaId": "B19074A2-9FE5-4E7D-9E2D-020F95013ADA",
              "versionEndExcluding": "6.6.21",
              "versionStartIncluding": "6.2",
              "vulnerable": true
            },
            {
              "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
              "matchCriteriaId": "1C538467-EDA0-4A9A-82EB-2925DE9FF827",
              "versionEndExcluding": "6.7.9",
              "versionStartIncluding": "6.7",
              "vulnerable": true
            },
            {
              "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.8:rc1:*:*:*:*:*:*",
              "matchCriteriaId": "B9F4EA73-0894-400F-A490-3A397AB7A517",
              "vulnerable": true
            },
            {
              "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.8:rc2:*:*:*:*:*:*",
              "matchCriteriaId": "056BD938-0A27-4569-B391-30578B309EE3",
              "vulnerable": true
            },
            {
              "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.8:rc3:*:*:*:*:*:*",
              "matchCriteriaId": "F02056A5-B362-4370-9FF8-6F0BD384D520",
              "vulnerable": true
            },
            {
              "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.8:rc4:*:*:*:*:*:*",
              "matchCriteriaId": "62075ACE-B2A0-4B16-829D-B3DA5AE5CC41",
              "vulnerable": true
            },
            {
              "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.8:rc5:*:*:*:*:*:*",
              "matchCriteriaId": "A780F817-2A77-4130-A9B7-5C25606314E3",
              "vulnerable": true
            },
            {
              "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.8:rc6:*:*:*:*:*:*",
              "matchCriteriaId": "AEB9199B-AB8F-4877-8964-E2BA95B5F15C",
              "vulnerable": true
            }
          ],
          "negate": false,
          "operator": "OR"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "cveTags": [],
  "descriptions": [
    {
      "lang": "en",
      "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nBluetooth: Avoid potential use-after-free in hci_error_reset\n\nWhile handling the HCI_EV_HARDWARE_ERROR event, if the underlying\nBT controller is not responding, the GPIO reset mechanism would\nfree the hci_dev and lead to a use-after-free in hci_error_reset.\n\nHere\u0027s the call trace observed on a ChromeOS device with Intel AX201:\n   queue_work_on+0x3e/0x6c\n   __hci_cmd_sync_sk+0x2ee/0x4c0 [bluetooth \u003cHASH:3b4a6\u003e]\n   ? init_wait_entry+0x31/0x31\n   __hci_cmd_sync+0x16/0x20 [bluetooth \u003cHASH:3b4a 6\u003e]\n   hci_error_reset+0x4f/0xa4 [bluetooth \u003cHASH:3b4a 6\u003e]\n   process_one_work+0x1d8/0x33f\n   worker_thread+0x21b/0x373\n   kthread+0x13a/0x152\n   ? pr_cont_work+0x54/0x54\n   ? kthread_blkcg+0x31/0x31\n    ret_from_fork+0x1f/0x30\n\nThis patch holds the reference count on the hci_dev while processing\na HCI_EV_HARDWARE_ERROR event to avoid potential crash."
    },
    {
      "lang": "es",
      "value": "En el kernel de Linux, se resolvi\u00f3 la siguiente vulnerabilidad: Bluetooth: evite el posible use-after-free en hci_error_reset Mientras se maneja el evento HCI_EV_HARDWARE_ERROR, si el controlador BT subyacente no responde, el mecanismo de reinicio de GPIO liberar\u00eda hci_dev y provocar\u00eda un error. use-after-free en hci_error_reset. Este es el seguimiento de llamadas observado en un dispositivo ChromeOS con Intel AX201: queue_work_on+0x3e/0x6c __hci_cmd_sync_sk+0x2ee/0x4c0 [bluetooth ] ? init_wait_entry+0x31/0x31 __hci_cmd_sync+0x16/0x20 [bluetooth ] hci_error_reset+0x4f/0xa4 [bluetooth ] Process_one_work+0x1d8/0x33f trabajador_thread+0x21b/0x373 kthread+0x13a /0x152 ? pr_cont_work+0x54/0x54? kthread_blkcg+0x31/0x31 ret_from_fork+0x1f/0x30 Este parche mantiene el recuento de referencias en hci_dev mientras procesa un evento HCI_EV_HARDWARE_ERROR para evitar posibles fallas."
    }
  ],
  "id": "CVE-2024-26801",
  "lastModified": "2026-08-04T11:17:06.860",
  "metrics": {
    "cvssMetricV31": [
      {
        "cvssData": {
          "attackComplexity": "LOW",
          "attackVector": "ADJACENT_NETWORK",
          "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
          "baseScore": 8.8,
          "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
          "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
          "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
          "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
          "scope": "UNCHANGED",
          "userInteraction": "NONE",
          "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
          "version": "3.1"
        },
        "exploitabilityScore": 2.8,
        "impactScore": 5.9,
        "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "type": "Secondary"
      },
      {
        "cvssData": {
          "attackComplexity": "LOW",
          "attackVector": "LOCAL",
          "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
          "baseScore": 5.5,
          "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
          "confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
          "integrityImpact": "NONE",
          "privilegesRequired": "LOW",
          "scope": "UNCHANGED",
          "userInteraction": "NONE",
          "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
          "version": "3.1"
        },
        "exploitabilityScore": 1.8,
        "impactScore": 3.6,
        "source": "nvd@nist.gov",
        "type": "Primary"
      }
    ],
    "ssvcV203": [
      {
        "source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
        "ssvcData": {
          "id": "CVE-2024-26801",
          "options": [
            {
              "exploitation": "none"
            },
            {
              "automatable": "no"
            },
            {
              "technicalImpact": "partial"
            }
          ],
          "role": "CISA Coordinator",
          "timestamp": "2024-08-15T19:27:12.303916Z",
          "version": "2.0.3"
        }
      }
    ]
  },
  "published": "2024-04-04T09:15:09.050",
  "references": [
    {
      "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
      "tags": [
        "Patch"
      ],
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/2449007d3f73b2842c9734f45f0aadb522daf592"
    },
    {
      "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
      "tags": [
        "Patch"
      ],
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/2ab9a19d896f5a0dd386e1f001c5309bc35f433b"
    },
    {
      "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
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    },
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    },
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      "source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
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      "source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
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    },
    {
      "source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
      "tags": [
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      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/98fb98fd37e42fd4ce13ff657ea64503e24b6090"
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    {
      "source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
      "tags": [
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    },
    {
      "source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
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    },
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      "source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
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      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e0b278650f07acf2e0932149183458468a731c03"
    },
    {
      "source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
      "tags": [
        "Patch"
      ],
      "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2024/06/msg00017.html"
    },
    {
      "source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
      "tags": [
        "Patch"
      ],
      "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2024/06/msg00020.html"
    }
  ],
  "sourceIdentifier": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
  "vulnStatus": "Modified",
  "weaknesses": [
    {
      "description": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "CWE-416"
        }
      ],
      "source": "nvd@nist.gov",
      "type": "Primary"
    }
  ]
}

CVE-2024-26801 (GCVE-0-2024-26801)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-04-04 08:20 – Updated: 2026-08-05 11:27

Title

Bluetooth: Avoid potential use-after-free in hci_error_reset

Summary

Severity

8.8 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2024-08-15 19:27 UTC

Assigner

Linux CNA under the mitre root

CNA scorecard D 53/100 over 6664 records in the last 180 days details

References

10 references

URL	Tags
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e0b278650f07acf2e…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/98fb98fd37e42fd4c…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/6dd0a9dfa99f8990a…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/da4569d450b193e39…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/45085686b9559bfbe…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/2ab9a19d896f5a0dd…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/dd594cdc24f2e48da…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/2449007d3f73b2842…
https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2024…	x_transferred
https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2024…	x_transferred

Impacted products

2 products

Vendor	Product	Version
Linux	Linux	Affected: c7741d16a57cbf97eebe53f27e8216b1ff20e20c , < e0b278650f07acf2e0932149183458468a731c03 (git) Affected: c7741d16a57cbf97eebe53f27e8216b1ff20e20c , < 98fb98fd37e42fd4ce13ff657ea64503e24b6090 (git) Affected: c7741d16a57cbf97eebe53f27e8216b1ff20e20c , < 6dd0a9dfa99f8990a08eb8fdd8e79bee31c7d8e2 (git) Affected: c7741d16a57cbf97eebe53f27e8216b1ff20e20c , < da4569d450b193e39e87119fd316c0291b585d14 (git) Affected: c7741d16a57cbf97eebe53f27e8216b1ff20e20c , < 45085686b9559bfbe3a4f41d3d695a520668f5e1 (git) Affected: c7741d16a57cbf97eebe53f27e8216b1ff20e20c , < 2ab9a19d896f5a0dd386e1f001c5309bc35f433b (git) Affected: c7741d16a57cbf97eebe53f27e8216b1ff20e20c , < dd594cdc24f2e48dab441732e6dfcafd6b0711d1 (git) Affected: c7741d16a57cbf97eebe53f27e8216b1ff20e20c , < 2449007d3f73b2842c9734f45f0aadb522daf592 (git)
Linux	Linux	Affected: 4.0 Unaffected: 0 , < 4.0 (semver) Unaffected: 4.19.309 , ≤ 4.19.* (semver) Unaffected: 5.4.271 , ≤ 5.4.* (semver) Unaffected: 5.10.212 , ≤ 5.10.* (semver) Unaffected: 5.15.151 , ≤ 5.15.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.1.81 , ≤ 6.1.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.6.21 , ≤ 6.6.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.7.9 , ≤ 6.7.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.8 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix)

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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        }
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            "version": "3.1"
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            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "AV:A - The `HCI_EV_HARDWARE_ERROR` event that queues `hci_error_reset` is emitted by the Bluetooth controller, and an attacker within Bluetooth radio range can induce a controller firmware exception (the well-documented BrakTooth-class malformed-LMP faults) to generate it while simultaneously leaving the controller unresponsive, which is the exact precondition for the reset/unregister race. This is radio-proximity access, not routable network access.\nAC:L - Once the controller is wedged, the sequence is effectively deterministic: `btintel_hw_error()` blocks for two full `HCI_INIT_TIMEOUT` intervals while `hci_cmd_timeout()` counts to five and fires the GPIO reset, so the race window in which `hci_error_reset` runs against `hci_unregister_dev`/`hci_release_dev` is seconds wide and both sides are driven by the same attacker-induced controller failure. The bug was reproducible enough to be observed in the field on shipping ChromeOS/Intel AX201 hardware.\nPR:N - An over-the-air attacker needs no pairing, bonding, authentication, or any account on the target \u2014 malformed link-layer traffic that faults the controller firmware is processed before any credential check. No host-side privileges are involved at all since the triggering event arrives from the controller.\nUI:N - No victim action is required; the hardware error event, the command timeouts, the GPIO reset and the resulting USB disconnect/unregister all occur automatically inside the kernel once the controller faults.\nS:U - The use-after-free corrupts kernel heap memory within the same security authority as the vulnerable code; no VM, hypervisor, or IOMMU boundary is crossed.\nC:H - `hci_release_dev()` frees `hdev-\u003eworkqueue` (and ultimately `kfree(hdev)`) while `hci_error_reset` is still executing, so `queue_work_on()` reads `wq-\u003eflags` and `wq-\u003ecpu_pwq` out of a freed slab object the attacker can groom by reclaiming it, yielding a kernel-memory read primitive and disclosure of adjacent heap contents and pointers.\nI:H - After the freed `workqueue_struct` is reclaimed with attacker-controlled data, `queue_work_on()` performs a list insertion into the pool worklist derived from that freed memory, giving a controlled write primitive suitable for corrupting adjacent kernel objects and hijacking control flow; the stale `hdev` is likewise written through by the continuing close/open sequence.\nA:H - The confirmed use-after-free reliably oopses or panics the kernel (the reported crash in `queue_work_on` from `hci_error_reset`), and the freed/destroyed workqueue also strands the subsequent `destroy_workqueue(hdev-\u003ereq_workqueue)` drain, permanently wedging the Bluetooth stack."
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    "assignerShortName": "Linux",
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    "datePublished": "2024-04-04T08:20:29.211Z",
    "dateReserved": "2024-02-19T14:20:24.179Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T11:27:22.708Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
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}

Sightings

Author	Source	Type	Date	Other

Nomenclature

Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.

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The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
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