Vulnerability-Lookup

FKIE_CVE-2023-54278

Vulnerability from fkie_nvd - Published: 2025-12-30 13:16 - Updated: 2026-06-17 06:47

Severity

Summary

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: s390/vmem: split pages when debug pagealloc is enabled Since commit bb1520d581a3 ("s390/mm: start kernel with DAT enabled") the kernel crashes early during boot when debug pagealloc is enabled: mem auto-init: stack:off, heap alloc:off, heap free:off addressing exception: 0005 ilc:2 [#1] SMP DEBUG_PAGEALLOC Modules linked in: CPU: 0 PID: 0 Comm: swapper Not tainted 6.5.0-rc3-09759-gc5666c912155 #630 [..] Krnl Code: 00000000001325f6: ec5600248064 cgrj %r5,%r6,8,000000000013263e 00000000001325fc: eb880002000c srlg %r8,%r8,2 #0000000000132602: b2210051 ipte %r5,%r1,%r0,0 >0000000000132606: b90400d1 lgr %r13,%r1 000000000013260a: 41605008 la %r6,8(%r5) 000000000013260e: a7db1000 aghi %r13,4096 0000000000132612: b221006d ipte %r6,%r13,%r0,0 0000000000132616: e3d0d0000171 lay %r13,4096(%r13) Call Trace: __kernel_map_pages+0x14e/0x320 __free_pages_ok+0x23a/0x5a8) free_low_memory_core_early+0x214/0x2c8 memblock_free_all+0x28/0x58 mem_init+0xb6/0x228 mm_core_init+0xb6/0x3b0 start_kernel+0x1d2/0x5a8 startup_continue+0x36/0x40 Kernel panic - not syncing: Fatal exception: panic_on_oops This is caused by using large mappings on machines with EDAT1/EDAT2. Add the code to split the mappings into 4k pages if debug pagealloc is enabled by CONFIG_DEBUG_PAGEALLOC_ENABLE_DEFAULT or the debug_pagealloc kernel command line option.

References

	URL	Tags
	416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67	https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/601e467e29a960f7ab7ec4075afc6a68c3532a65
	416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67	https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/edc1e4b6e26536868ef819a735e04a5b32c10589

Impacted products

	Vendor	Product	Version

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "affectedData": [
        {
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "arch/s390/mm/vmem.c"
          ],
          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThan": "601e467e29a960f7ab7ec4075afc6a68c3532a65",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "bb1520d581a3a46e2d6e12bb74604ace33404de5",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "edc1e4b6e26536868ef819a735e04a5b32c10589",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "bb1520d581a3a46e2d6e12bb74604ace33404de5",
              "versionType": "git"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "defaultStatus": "affected",
          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "arch/s390/mm/vmem.c"
          ],
          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "6.3"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "6.3",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "0",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.4.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.4.10",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.5",
              "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67"
    }
  ],
  "cveTags": [],
  "descriptions": [
    {
      "lang": "en",
      "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\ns390/vmem: split pages when debug pagealloc is enabled\n\nSince commit bb1520d581a3 (\"s390/mm: start kernel with DAT enabled\")\nthe kernel crashes early during boot when debug pagealloc is enabled:\n\nmem auto-init: stack:off, heap alloc:off, heap free:off\naddressing exception: 0005 ilc:2 [#1] SMP DEBUG_PAGEALLOC\nModules linked in:\nCPU: 0 PID: 0 Comm: swapper Not tainted 6.5.0-rc3-09759-gc5666c912155 #630\n[..]\nKrnl Code: 00000000001325f6: ec5600248064 cgrj %r5,%r6,8,000000000013263e\n           00000000001325fc: eb880002000c srlg %r8,%r8,2\n          #0000000000132602: b2210051     ipte %r5,%r1,%r0,0\n          \u003e0000000000132606: b90400d1     lgr %r13,%r1\n           000000000013260a: 41605008     la %r6,8(%r5)\n           000000000013260e: a7db1000     aghi %r13,4096\n           0000000000132612: b221006d     ipte %r6,%r13,%r0,0\n           0000000000132616: e3d0d0000171 lay %r13,4096(%r13)\n\nCall Trace:\n __kernel_map_pages+0x14e/0x320\n __free_pages_ok+0x23a/0x5a8)\n free_low_memory_core_early+0x214/0x2c8\n memblock_free_all+0x28/0x58\n mem_init+0xb6/0x228\n mm_core_init+0xb6/0x3b0\n start_kernel+0x1d2/0x5a8\n startup_continue+0x36/0x40\nKernel panic - not syncing: Fatal exception: panic_on_oops\n\nThis is caused by using large mappings on machines with EDAT1/EDAT2. Add\nthe code to split the mappings into 4k pages if debug pagealloc is enabled\nby CONFIG_DEBUG_PAGEALLOC_ENABLE_DEFAULT or the debug_pagealloc kernel\ncommand line option."
    },
    {
      "lang": "es",
      "value": "En el kernel de Linux, la siguiente vulnerabilidad ha sido resuelta:\n\ns390/vmem: dividir p\u00e1ginas cuando debug pagealloc est\u00e1 habilitado\n\nDesde el commit bb1520d581a3 (\u0027s390/mm: iniciar kernel con DAT habilitado\u0027), el kernel falla temprano durante el arranque cuando debug pagealloc est\u00e1 habilitado:\n\ninicializaci\u00f3n autom\u00e1tica de memoria: pila:desactivado, asignaci\u00f3n de heap:desactivado, liberaci\u00f3n de heap:desactivado\nexcepci\u00f3n de direccionamiento: 0005 ilc:2 [#1] SMP DEBUG_PAGEALLOC\nM\u00f3dulos enlazados:\nCPU: 0 PID: 0 Comm: swapper No contaminado 6.5.0-rc3-09759-gc5666c912155 #630\n[..]\nC\u00f3digo del kernel: 00000000001325f6: ec5600248064 cgrj %r5,%r6,8,000000000013263e\n           00000000001325fc: eb880002000c srlg %r8,%r8,2\n          #0000000000132602: b2210051     ipte %r5,%r1,%r0,0\n          \u0026gt;0000000000132606: b90400d1     lgr %r13,%r1\n           000000000013260a: 41605008     la %r6,8(%r5)\n           000000000013260e: a7db1000     aghi %r13,4096\n           0000000000132612: b221006d     ipte %r6,%r13,%r0,0\n           0000000000132616: e3d0d0000171 lay %r13,4096(%r13)\n\nTraza de llamadas:\n __kernel_map_pages+0x14e/0x320\n __free_pages_ok+0x23a/0x5a8)\n free_low_memory_core_early+0x214/0x2c8\n memblock_free_all+0x28/0x58\n mem_init+0xb6/0x228\n mm_core_init+0xb6/0x3b0\n start_kernel+0x1d2/0x5a8\n startup_continue+0x36/0x40\nP\u00e1nico del kernel - no sincronizando: Excepci\u00f3n fatal: panic_on_oops\n\nEsto es causado por el uso de mapeos grandes en m\u00e1quinas con EDAT1/EDAT2. A\u00f1adir el c\u00f3digo para dividir los mapeos en p\u00e1ginas de 4k si debug pagealloc est\u00e1 habilitado por CONFIG_DEBUG_PAGEALLOC_ENABLE_DEFAULT o la opci\u00f3n de l\u00ednea de comandos del kernel debug_pagealloc."
    }
  ],
  "id": "CVE-2023-54278",
  "lastModified": "2026-06-17T06:47:08.720",
  "metrics": {},
  "published": "2025-12-30T13:16:16.757",
  "references": [
    {
      "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/601e467e29a960f7ab7ec4075afc6a68c3532a65"
    },
    {
      "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/edc1e4b6e26536868ef819a735e04a5b32c10589"
    }
  ],
  "sourceIdentifier": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
  "vulnStatus": "Deferred"
}

CVE-2023-54278 (GCVE-0-2023-54278)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-12-30 12:16 – Updated: 2026-05-11 19:58

Title

s390/vmem: split pages when debug pagealloc is enabled

Summary

Severity

No CVSS data available.

Assigner

Linux CNA under the mitre root

CNA scorecard D 53/100 over 6653 records in the last 180 days details

References

2 references

URL	Tags
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/601e467e29a960f7a…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/edc1e4b6e26536868…

Impacted products

2 products

Vendor	Product	Version
Linux	Linux	Affected: bb1520d581a3a46e2d6e12bb74604ace33404de5 , < 601e467e29a960f7ab7ec4075afc6a68c3532a65 (git) Affected: bb1520d581a3a46e2d6e12bb74604ace33404de5 , < edc1e4b6e26536868ef819a735e04a5b32c10589 (git)
Linux	Linux	Affected: 6.3 Unaffected: 0 , < 6.3 (semver) Unaffected: 6.4.10 , ≤ 6.4.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.5 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix)

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "containers": {
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "arch/s390/mm/vmem.c"
          ],
          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThan": "601e467e29a960f7ab7ec4075afc6a68c3532a65",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "bb1520d581a3a46e2d6e12bb74604ace33404de5",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "edc1e4b6e26536868ef819a735e04a5b32c10589",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "bb1520d581a3a46e2d6e12bb74604ace33404de5",
              "versionType": "git"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "defaultStatus": "affected",
          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "arch/s390/mm/vmem.c"
          ],
          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "6.3"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "6.3",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "0",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.4.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.4.10",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.5",
              "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "cpeApplicability": [
        {
          "nodes": [
            {
              "cpeMatch": [
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.4.10",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "6.3",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.5",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "6.3",
                  "vulnerable": true
                }
              ],
              "negate": false,
              "operator": "OR"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\ns390/vmem: split pages when debug pagealloc is enabled\n\nSince commit bb1520d581a3 (\"s390/mm: start kernel with DAT enabled\")\nthe kernel crashes early during boot when debug pagealloc is enabled:\n\nmem auto-init: stack:off, heap alloc:off, heap free:off\naddressing exception: 0005 ilc:2 [#1] SMP DEBUG_PAGEALLOC\nModules linked in:\nCPU: 0 PID: 0 Comm: swapper Not tainted 6.5.0-rc3-09759-gc5666c912155 #630\n[..]\nKrnl Code: 00000000001325f6: ec5600248064 cgrj %r5,%r6,8,000000000013263e\n           00000000001325fc: eb880002000c srlg %r8,%r8,2\n          #0000000000132602: b2210051     ipte %r5,%r1,%r0,0\n          \u003e0000000000132606: b90400d1     lgr %r13,%r1\n           000000000013260a: 41605008     la %r6,8(%r5)\n           000000000013260e: a7db1000     aghi %r13,4096\n           0000000000132612: b221006d     ipte %r6,%r13,%r0,0\n           0000000000132616: e3d0d0000171 lay %r13,4096(%r13)\n\nCall Trace:\n __kernel_map_pages+0x14e/0x320\n __free_pages_ok+0x23a/0x5a8)\n free_low_memory_core_early+0x214/0x2c8\n memblock_free_all+0x28/0x58\n mem_init+0xb6/0x228\n mm_core_init+0xb6/0x3b0\n start_kernel+0x1d2/0x5a8\n startup_continue+0x36/0x40\nKernel panic - not syncing: Fatal exception: panic_on_oops\n\nThis is caused by using large mappings on machines with EDAT1/EDAT2. Add\nthe code to split the mappings into 4k pages if debug pagealloc is enabled\nby CONFIG_DEBUG_PAGEALLOC_ENABLE_DEFAULT or the debug_pagealloc kernel\ncommand line option."
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-05-11T19:58:52.943Z",
        "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "shortName": "Linux"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/601e467e29a960f7ab7ec4075afc6a68c3532a65"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/edc1e4b6e26536868ef819a735e04a5b32c10589"
        }
      ],
      "title": "s390/vmem: split pages when debug pagealloc is enabled",
      "x_generator": {
        "engine": "bippy-1.2.0"
      }
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
    "assignerShortName": "Linux",
    "cveId": "CVE-2023-54278",
    "datePublished": "2025-12-30T12:16:06.350Z",
    "dateReserved": "2025-12-30T12:06:44.524Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-05-11T19:58:52.943Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}

Sightings

Author	Source	Type	Date	Other

Nomenclature

Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.

Vulnerability timeline

Sightings and recorded dates, grouped by day · UTC

Order JSON

How durations are calculated

Following the VTEM framework (Black Hat USA 2015), time to patch starts when the vendor or a coordinator was informed, total time to patch at discovery, and disclosure to patch at public disclosure; vendor response time runs from the report to its acknowledgement. Time to exploit and time unpatched start at the earliest discovery or report, falling back to public disclosure. Unpatched time ends at the first recorded patch, or the calculation time when no patch is recorded. Exploitation to patch shows the interval between those two events; a published proof of concept is a public exploit, not exploitation.

Each result shows its source dates. A negative interval means the end event came first; when date-only inputs leave the order open, the result says so. Date-only inputs are approximate. The earliest evidence wins: KEV report dates and sightings are labelled as such. Records describing another vulnerability are listed but never calculated from, and a PoC alone does not establish exploitation. Missing patch evidence does not prove that no patch exists. Filters below change the event list only.

Publication & reservation Sightings KEV catalogs Other timestamps

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The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base model, served locally by ML-Gateway. They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.

Related by attack behaviour

Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.

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