Vulnerability-Lookup

FKIE_CVE-2023-54065

Vulnerability from fkie_nvd - Published: 2025-12-24 13:16 - Updated: 2026-08-04 10:19

Severity

7.8 (High) - CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Summary

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net: dsa: realtek: fix out-of-bounds access The probe function sets priv->chip_data to (void *)priv + sizeof(*priv) with the expectation that priv has enough trailing space. However, only realtek-smi actually allocated this chip_data space. Do likewise in realtek-mdio to fix out-of-bounds accesses. These accesses likely went unnoticed so far, because of an (unused) buf[4096] member in struct realtek_priv, which caused kmalloc to round up the allocated buffer to a big enough size, so nothing of value was overwritten. With a different allocator (like in the barebox bootloader port of the driver) or with KASAN, the memory corruption becomes quickly apparent.

References

	URL	Tags
	416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67	https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b93eb564869321d0dffaf23fcc5c88112ed62466
	416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67	https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/cc0f9bb99735d2b68fac68f37b585d615728ce5b
	416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67	https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/fe668aa499b4b95425044ba11af9609db6ecf466

Impacted products

	Vendor	Product	Version

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "affectedData": [
        {
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "drivers/net/dsa/realtek/realtek-mdio.c"
          ],
          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThan": "cc0f9bb99735d2b68fac68f37b585d615728ce5b",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "aac94001067da183455d6d37959892744fa01d9d",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "fe668aa499b4b95425044ba11af9609db6ecf466",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "aac94001067da183455d6d37959892744fa01d9d",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "b93eb564869321d0dffaf23fcc5c88112ed62466",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "aac94001067da183455d6d37959892744fa01d9d",
              "versionType": "git"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "defaultStatus": "affected",
          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "drivers/net/dsa/realtek/realtek-mdio.c"
          ],
          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "5.18"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "5.18",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "0",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.1.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.1.23",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.2.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.2.10",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.3",
              "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67"
    }
  ],
  "cveTags": [],
  "descriptions": [
    {
      "lang": "en",
      "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nnet: dsa: realtek: fix out-of-bounds access\n\nThe probe function sets priv-\u003echip_data to (void *)priv + sizeof(*priv)\nwith the expectation that priv has enough trailing space.\n\nHowever, only realtek-smi actually allocated this chip_data space.\nDo likewise in realtek-mdio to fix out-of-bounds accesses.\n\nThese accesses likely went unnoticed so far, because of an (unused)\nbuf[4096] member in struct realtek_priv, which caused kmalloc to\nround up the allocated buffer to a big enough size, so nothing of\nvalue was overwritten. With a different allocator (like in the barebox\nbootloader port of the driver) or with KASAN, the memory corruption\nbecomes quickly apparent."
    }
  ],
  "id": "CVE-2023-54065",
  "lastModified": "2026-08-04T10:19:27.090",
  "metrics": {
    "cvssMetricV31": [
      {
        "cvssData": {
          "attackComplexity": "LOW",
          "attackVector": "LOCAL",
          "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
          "baseScore": 7.8,
          "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
          "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
          "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
          "privilegesRequired": "LOW",
          "scope": "UNCHANGED",
          "userInteraction": "NONE",
          "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
          "version": "3.1"
        },
        "exploitabilityScore": 1.8,
        "impactScore": 5.9,
        "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "type": "Secondary"
      }
    ]
  },
  "published": "2025-12-24T13:16:08.337",
  "references": [
    {
      "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b93eb564869321d0dffaf23fcc5c88112ed62466"
    },
    {
      "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/cc0f9bb99735d2b68fac68f37b585d615728ce5b"
    },
    {
      "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
      "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/fe668aa499b4b95425044ba11af9609db6ecf466"
    }
  ],
  "sourceIdentifier": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
  "vulnStatus": "Deferred"
}

CVE-2023-54065 (GCVE-0-2023-54065)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-12-24 12:23 – Updated: 2026-08-05 09:16

Title

net: dsa: realtek: fix out-of-bounds access

Summary

Severity

7.8 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Assigner

Linux CNA under the mitre root

CNA scorecard D 53/100 over 7056 records in the last 180 days details

References

3 references

URL	Tags
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/cc0f9bb99735d2b68…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/fe668aa499b4b9542…
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b93eb564869321d0d…

Impacted products

2 products

Vendor	Product	Version
Linux	Linux	Affected: aac94001067da183455d6d37959892744fa01d9d , < cc0f9bb99735d2b68fac68f37b585d615728ce5b (git) Affected: aac94001067da183455d6d37959892744fa01d9d , < fe668aa499b4b95425044ba11af9609db6ecf466 (git) Affected: aac94001067da183455d6d37959892744fa01d9d , < b93eb564869321d0dffaf23fcc5c88112ed62466 (git)
Linux	Linux	Affected: 5.18 Unaffected: 0 , < 5.18 (semver) Unaffected: 6.1.23 , ≤ 6.1.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.2.10 , ≤ 6.2.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.3 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix)

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "containers": {
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "drivers/net/dsa/realtek/realtek-mdio.c"
          ],
          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThan": "cc0f9bb99735d2b68fac68f37b585d615728ce5b",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "aac94001067da183455d6d37959892744fa01d9d",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "fe668aa499b4b95425044ba11af9609db6ecf466",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "aac94001067da183455d6d37959892744fa01d9d",
              "versionType": "git"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "b93eb564869321d0dffaf23fcc5c88112ed62466",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "aac94001067da183455d6d37959892744fa01d9d",
              "versionType": "git"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "defaultStatus": "affected",
          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "drivers/net/dsa/realtek/realtek-mdio.c"
          ],
          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "5.18"
            },
            {
              "lessThan": "5.18",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "0",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.1.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.1.23",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.2.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.2.10",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.3",
              "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "cpeApplicability": [
        {
          "nodes": [
            {
              "cpeMatch": [
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.1.23",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "5.18",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.2.10",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "5.18",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.3",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "5.18",
                  "vulnerable": true
                }
              ],
              "negate": false,
              "operator": "OR"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nnet: dsa: realtek: fix out-of-bounds access\n\nThe probe function sets priv-\u003echip_data to (void *)priv + sizeof(*priv)\nwith the expectation that priv has enough trailing space.\n\nHowever, only realtek-smi actually allocated this chip_data space.\nDo likewise in realtek-mdio to fix out-of-bounds accesses.\n\nThese accesses likely went unnoticed so far, because of an (unused)\nbuf[4096] member in struct realtek_priv, which caused kmalloc to\nround up the allocated buffer to a big enough size, so nothing of\nvalue was overwritten. With a different allocator (like in the barebox\nbootloader port of the driver) or with KASAN, the memory corruption\nbecomes quickly apparent."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "baseScore": 7.8,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "scenarios": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "AV:L - The defect is in a DSA switch driver probe path bound via device tree, and the reachable trigger surfaces are local \u2014 driver probe at boot, `ip -s link`/sysfs stat reads, and `ip link set mtu`/VLAN configuration on the DSA slave ports. No received network frame or remote peer data reaches the miscalculated `chip_data` pointer, so neither Network nor Adjacent applies.\nAC:L - The miscalculation is unconditional: every single probe of `realtek-mdio` sets `chip_data` past the end of the allocation, and every subsequent access is out of bounds with no race, timing window, or memory-layout precondition. Reading the leaked stale heap back out requires only an unprivileged `ip -s link`, and the affected chips (RTL8366RB, RTL8365MB-VC, RTL8367S) are mainstream in shipped router/embedded kernels, not a rare configuration.\nPR:L - The out-of-bounds writes occur automatically during boot-time probe with no attacker involvement at all, and the resulting kernel-heap disclosure is harvested through `ndo_get_stats64` counters that any unprivileged local process can read from `/sys/class/net/*/statistics/*` with no `capable()` check anywhere on the path. Only the additional MTU/VLAN write primitives need `CAP_NET_ADMIN`, so a basic unprivileged user is the correct floor.\nUI:N - No victim action is required \u2014 the corruption is established by the driver itself at probe and the periodic `mib_work` poller keeps touching the out-of-bounds region on its own. The attacker\u0027s own process reads the leaked bytes back with no interaction from any other user.\nS:U - The miscalculated pointer, the corrupted slab memory, and the impacted component are all the same kernel image and the same security authority. There is no guest-to-host escape, IOMMU bypass, or sandbox boundary crossed.\nC:H - `rtl8365mb_get_stats64()` memcpy\u0027s 192 bytes per port (11 ports) out of the never-zeroed tail of the slab object \u2014 stale data recycled from a previously freed allocation \u2014 directly into netdev statistics that any unprivileged user can read, an unbounded-content kernel heap disclosure that works on every configuration. All the other `chip_data` reads (`mb-\u003echip_info`, `rb-\u003emax_mtu[]`, `rb-\u003epvid_enabled[]`) are likewise out-of-bounds reads of adjacent memory.\nI:H - This is an out-of-bounds write, which is High by definition: probe writes an entire `struct rtl8365mb` \u2014 including `mutex`, `spinlock_t`, and eleven `delayed_work`/`timer_list` structures carrying kernel function pointers \u2014 past the end of the allocation, and `rtl8366rb_change_mtu()` writes an attacker-supplied MTU value there at runtime. Because that OOB-resident work item\u0027s function pointer is repeatedly armed and dereferenced by `schedule_delayed_work()`, corruption of an overlapping slab object yields a control-flow-relevant primitive rather than a mere data clobber.\nA:H - Under KASAN the access produces an immediate slab-out-of-bounds report (panic with `panic_on_warn`), and under SLUB redzoning the overwritten poison triggers a corruption BUG at free. On lockdep/debug-instrumented builds the inflated lock and work structures push the required size past the `kmalloc-8192` bucket so the write lands in a neighbouring live object, and a timer whose function pointer resides in that clobbered memory is dereferenced periodically \u2014 a reliable route to an oops or panic."
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T09:16:53.228Z",
        "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "shortName": "Linux"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/cc0f9bb99735d2b68fac68f37b585d615728ce5b"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/fe668aa499b4b95425044ba11af9609db6ecf466"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b93eb564869321d0dffaf23fcc5c88112ed62466"
        }
      ],
      "title": "net: dsa: realtek: fix out-of-bounds access",
      "x_generator": {
        "engine": "bippy-1.2.0"
      }
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
    "assignerShortName": "Linux",
    "cveId": "CVE-2023-54065",
    "datePublished": "2025-12-24T12:23:10.745Z",
    "dateReserved": "2025-12-24T12:21:05.092Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T09:16:53.228Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}

Sightings

Author	Source	Type	Date	Other

Nomenclature

Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.

Vulnerability timeline

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The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base model, served locally by ML-Gateway. They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
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