FKIE_CVE-2021-47450
Vulnerability from fkie_nvd - Published: 2024-05-22 07:15 - Updated: 2026-08-04 10:17
Severity
8.8 (High) - CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
5.5 (Medium) - CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
5.5 (Medium) - CVSS:3.1/
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
KVM: arm64: Fix host stage-2 PGD refcount
The KVM page-table library refcounts the pages of concatenated stage-2
PGDs individually. However, when running KVM in protected mode, the
host's stage-2 PGD is currently managed by EL2 as a single high-order
compound page, which can cause the refcount of the tail pages to reach 0
when they shouldn't, hence corrupting the page-table.
Fix this by introducing a new hyp_split_page() helper in the EL2 page
allocator (matching the kernel's split_page() function), and make use of
it from host_s2_zalloc_pages_exact().
References
Impacted products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| linux | linux_kernel | * | |
| linux | linux_kernel | 5.15 | |
| linux | linux_kernel | 5.15 | |
| linux | linux_kernel | 5.15 | |
| linux | linux_kernel | 5.15 | |
| linux | linux_kernel | 5.15 | |
| linux | linux_kernel | 5.15 |
{
"affected": [
{
"affectedData": [
{
"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
"product": "Linux",
"programFiles": [
"arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/include/nvhe/gfp.h",
"arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/mem_protect.c",
"arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/page_alloc.c"
],
"repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
"vendor": "Linux",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "b372264c66ef78f2cab44e877fbd765ad6d24c39",
"status": "affected",
"version": "1025c8c0c6accfcbdc8f52ca1940160f65cd87d6",
"versionType": "git"
},
{
"lessThan": "1d58a17ef54599506d44c45ac95be27273a4d2b1",
"status": "affected",
"version": "1025c8c0c6accfcbdc8f52ca1940160f65cd87d6",
"versionType": "git"
}
]
},
{
"defaultStatus": "affected",
"product": "Linux",
"programFiles": [
"arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/include/nvhe/gfp.h",
"arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/mem_protect.c",
"arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/page_alloc.c"
],
"repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
"vendor": "Linux",
"versions": [
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "5.13"
},
{
"lessThan": "5.13",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "0",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "5.14.*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "5.14.15",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "5.15",
"versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
}
]
}
],
"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67"
}
],
"configurations": [
{
"nodes": [
{
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"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"matchCriteriaId": "5B5C2D1A-B435-4D41-8BF1-CC189296494D",
"versionEndExcluding": "5.14.15",
"versionStartIncluding": "5.13",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:5.15:rc1:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"matchCriteriaId": "E46C74C6-B76B-4C94-A6A4-FD2FFF62D644",
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],
"cveTags": [],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nKVM: arm64: Fix host stage-2 PGD refcount\n\nThe KVM page-table library refcounts the pages of concatenated stage-2\nPGDs individually. However, when running KVM in protected mode, the\nhost\u0027s stage-2 PGD is currently managed by EL2 as a single high-order\ncompound page, which can cause the refcount of the tail pages to reach 0\nwhen they shouldn\u0027t, hence corrupting the page-table.\n\nFix this by introducing a new hyp_split_page() helper in the EL2 page\nallocator (matching the kernel\u0027s split_page() function), and make use of\nit from host_s2_zalloc_pages_exact()."
},
{
"lang": "es",
"value": "En el kernel de Linux, se resolvi\u00f3 la siguiente vulnerabilidad: KVM: arm64: corrige el recuento de PGD de etapa 2 del host La librer\u00eda de tablas de p\u00e1ginas de KVM vuelve a contar las p\u00e1ginas de los PGD de etapa 2 concatenados individualmente. Sin embargo, cuando se ejecuta KVM en modo protegido, EL2 administra actualmente el PGD de etapa 2 del host como una \u00fanica p\u00e1gina compuesta de alto orden, lo que puede causar que el recuento de las p\u00e1ginas finales llegue a 0 cuando no deber\u00eda, corrompiendo as\u00ed el tabla de p\u00e1ginas. Solucione este problema introduciendo un nuevo asistente hyp_split_page() en el asignador de p\u00e1ginas EL2 (que coincida con la funci\u00f3n split_page() del kernel) y util\u00edcelo desde host_s2_zalloc_pages_exact()."
}
],
"id": "CVE-2021-47450",
"lastModified": "2026-08-04T10:17:03.943",
"metrics": {
"cvssMetricV31": [
{
"cvssData": {
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackVector": "LOCAL",
"availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
"baseScore": 8.8,
"baseSeverity": "HIGH",
"confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
"integrityImpact": "HIGH",
"privilegesRequired": "LOW",
"scope": "CHANGED",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"version": "3.1"
},
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"impactScore": 6.0,
"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
"type": "Secondary"
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{
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"baseScore": 5.5,
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"confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
"integrityImpact": "NONE",
"privilegesRequired": "LOW",
"scope": "UNCHANGED",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"version": "3.1"
},
"exploitabilityScore": 1.8,
"impactScore": 3.6,
"source": "nvd@nist.gov",
"type": "Primary"
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],
"ssvcV203": [
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"source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"ssvcData": {
"id": "CVE-2021-47450",
"options": [
{
"exploitation": "none"
},
{
"automatable": "no"
},
{
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}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2024-05-22T18:46:22.813390Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
}
}
]
},
"published": "2024-05-22T07:15:10.143",
"references": [
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"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
"tags": [
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"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/1d58a17ef54599506d44c45ac95be27273a4d2b1"
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{
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"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b372264c66ef78f2cab44e877fbd765ad6d24c39"
}
],
"sourceIdentifier": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
"vulnStatus": "Modified",
"weaknesses": [
{
"description": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "NVD-CWE-Other"
}
],
"source": "nvd@nist.gov",
"type": "Primary"
}
]
}
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The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.
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