FKIE_CVE-2020-14001

Vulnerability from fkie_nvd - Published: 2020-07-17 16:15 - Updated: 2026-06-17 02:54
Severity
9.8 (Critical) - CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Summary
The kramdown gem before 2.3.0 for Ruby processes the template option inside Kramdown documents by default, which allows unintended read access (such as template="/etc/passwd") or unintended embedded Ruby code execution (such as a string that begins with template="string://<%= `). NOTE: kramdown is used in Jekyll, GitLab Pages, GitHub Pages, and Thredded Forum.
References
cve@mitre.orghttps://github.com/gettalong/kramdownThird Party Advisory
cve@mitre.orghttps://github.com/gettalong/kramdown/commit/1b8fd33c3120bfc6e5164b449e2c2fc9c9306fdePatch, Third Party Advisory
cve@mitre.orghttps://github.com/gettalong/kramdown/compare/REL_2_2_1...REL_2_3_0Patch, Third Party Advisory
cve@mitre.orghttps://kramdown.gettalong.orgVendor Advisory
cve@mitre.orghttps://kramdown.gettalong.org/news.htmlRelease Notes, Vendor Advisory
cve@mitre.orghttps://lists.apache.org/thread.html/r96df7899fbb456fe2705882f710a0c8e8614b573fbffd8d12e3f54d2%40%3Cnotifications.fluo.apache.org%3E
cve@mitre.orghttps://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2020/08/msg00014.htmlMailing List, Third Party Advisory
cve@mitre.orghttps://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/ENMMGKHRQIZ3QKGOMBBBGB6B4LB5I7NQ/
cve@mitre.orghttps://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/KBLTGBYU7NKOUOHDKVCU4GFZMGA6BP4L/
cve@mitre.orghttps://rubygems.org/gems/kramdownThird Party Advisory
cve@mitre.orghttps://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20200731-0004/Third Party Advisory
cve@mitre.orghttps://usn.ubuntu.com/4562-1/Third Party Advisory
cve@mitre.orghttps://www.debian.org/security/2020/dsa-4743Third Party Advisory
af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108https://github.com/gettalong/kramdownThird Party Advisory
af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108https://github.com/gettalong/kramdown/commit/1b8fd33c3120bfc6e5164b449e2c2fc9c9306fdePatch, Third Party Advisory
af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108https://github.com/gettalong/kramdown/compare/REL_2_2_1...REL_2_3_0Patch, Third Party Advisory
af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108https://kramdown.gettalong.orgVendor Advisory
af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108https://kramdown.gettalong.org/news.htmlRelease Notes, Vendor Advisory
af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/r96df7899fbb456fe2705882f710a0c8e8614b573fbffd8d12e3f54d2%40%3Cnotifications.fluo.apache.org%3E
af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2020/08/msg00014.htmlMailing List, Third Party Advisory
af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/ENMMGKHRQIZ3QKGOMBBBGB6B4LB5I7NQ/
af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/KBLTGBYU7NKOUOHDKVCU4GFZMGA6BP4L/
af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108https://rubygems.org/gems/kramdownThird Party Advisory
af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20200731-0004/Third Party Advisory
af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108https://usn.ubuntu.com/4562-1/Third Party Advisory
af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108https://www.debian.org/security/2020/dsa-4743Third Party Advisory
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
kramdown_project kramdown *
debian debian_linux 9.0
debian debian_linux 10.0
fedoraproject fedora 31
fedoraproject fedora 32
canonical ubuntu_linux 20.04
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "affectedData": [
        {
          "product": "n/a",
          "vendor": "n/a",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "n/a"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "source": "cve@mitre.org"
    }
  ],
  "configurations": [
    {
      "nodes": [
        {
          "cpeMatch": [
            {
              "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:kramdown_project:kramdown:*:*:*:*:*:ruby:*:*",
              "matchCriteriaId": "796E1C66-E0EF-4C52-B378-FE4382555C86",
              "versionEndExcluding": "2.3.0",
              "vulnerable": true
            }
          ],
          "negate": false,
          "operator": "OR"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "nodes": [
        {
          "cpeMatch": [
            {
              "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:debian:debian_linux:9.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
              "matchCriteriaId": "DEECE5FC-CACF-4496-A3E7-164736409252",
              "vulnerable": true
            },
            {
              "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:debian:debian_linux:10.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
              "matchCriteriaId": "07B237A9-69A3-4A9C-9DA0-4E06BD37AE73",
              "vulnerable": true
            }
          ],
          "negate": false,
          "operator": "OR"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "nodes": [
        {
          "cpeMatch": [
            {
              "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:fedoraproject:fedora:31:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
              "matchCriteriaId": "80F0FA5D-8D3B-4C0E-81E2-87998286AF33",
              "vulnerable": true
            },
            {
              "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:fedoraproject:fedora:32:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
              "matchCriteriaId": "36D96259-24BD-44E2-96D9-78CE1D41F956",
              "vulnerable": true
            }
          ],
          "negate": false,
          "operator": "OR"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "nodes": [
        {
          "cpeMatch": [
            {
              "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:canonical:ubuntu_linux:20.04:*:*:*:lts:*:*:*",
              "matchCriteriaId": "902B8056-9E37-443B-8905-8AA93E2447FB",
              "vulnerable": true
            }
          ],
          "negate": false,
          "operator": "OR"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "cveTags": [],
  "descriptions": [
    {
      "lang": "en",
      "value": "The kramdown gem before 2.3.0 for Ruby processes the template option inside Kramdown documents by default, which allows unintended read access (such as template=\"/etc/passwd\") or unintended embedded Ruby code execution (such as a string that begins with template=\"string://\u003c%= `). NOTE: kramdown is used in Jekyll, GitLab Pages, GitHub Pages, and Thredded Forum."
    },
    {
      "lang": "es",
      "value": "La gema kramdown versiones anteriores a 2.3.0 para Ruby procesa la opci\u00f3n de plantilla dentro de los documentos de Kramdown por defecto, lo que permite el acceso de lectura no deseada (tal y como template=\"/etc/passwd\") o la ejecuci\u00f3n de c\u00f3digo Ruby insertado no previsto (tal y como una cadena que comienza con template=\"string://(%= \"). NOTA: kramdown es usado en Jekyll, GitLab Pages, GitHub Pages y Thredded Forum"
    }
  ],
  "id": "CVE-2020-14001",
  "lastModified": "2026-06-17T02:54:04.953",
  "metrics": {
    "cvssMetricV2": [
      {
        "acInsufInfo": false,
        "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
        "cvssData": {
          "accessComplexity": "LOW",
          "accessVector": "NETWORK",
          "authentication": "NONE",
          "availabilityImpact": "PARTIAL",
          "baseScore": 7.5,
          "confidentialityImpact": "PARTIAL",
          "integrityImpact": "PARTIAL",
          "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P",
          "version": "2.0"
        },
        "exploitabilityScore": 10.0,
        "impactScore": 6.4,
        "obtainAllPrivilege": false,
        "obtainOtherPrivilege": false,
        "obtainUserPrivilege": false,
        "source": "nvd@nist.gov",
        "type": "Primary",
        "userInteractionRequired": false
      }
    ],
    "cvssMetricV31": [
      {
        "cvssData": {
          "attackComplexity": "LOW",
          "attackVector": "NETWORK",
          "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
          "baseScore": 9.8,
          "baseSeverity": "CRITICAL",
          "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
          "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
          "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
          "scope": "UNCHANGED",
          "userInteraction": "NONE",
          "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
          "version": "3.1"
        },
        "exploitabilityScore": 3.9,
        "impactScore": 5.9,
        "source": "nvd@nist.gov",
        "type": "Primary"
      }
    ]
  },
  "published": "2020-07-17T16:15:11.230",
  "references": [
    {
      "source": "cve@mitre.org",
      "tags": [
        "Third Party Advisory"
      ],
      "url": "https://github.com/gettalong/kramdown"
    },
    {
      "source": "cve@mitre.org",
      "tags": [
        "Patch",
        "Third Party Advisory"
      ],
      "url": "https://github.com/gettalong/kramdown/commit/1b8fd33c3120bfc6e5164b449e2c2fc9c9306fde"
    },
    {
      "source": "cve@mitre.org",
      "tags": [
        "Patch",
        "Third Party Advisory"
      ],
      "url": "https://github.com/gettalong/kramdown/compare/REL_2_2_1...REL_2_3_0"
    },
    {
      "source": "cve@mitre.org",
      "tags": [
        "Vendor Advisory"
      ],
      "url": "https://kramdown.gettalong.org"
    },
    {
      "source": "cve@mitre.org",
      "tags": [
        "Release Notes",
        "Vendor Advisory"
      ],
      "url": "https://kramdown.gettalong.org/news.html"
    },
    {
      "source": "cve@mitre.org",
      "url": "https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/r96df7899fbb456fe2705882f710a0c8e8614b573fbffd8d12e3f54d2%40%3Cnotifications.fluo.apache.org%3E"
    },
    {
      "source": "cve@mitre.org",
      "tags": [
        "Mailing List",
        "Third Party Advisory"
      ],
      "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2020/08/msg00014.html"
    },
    {
      "source": "cve@mitre.org",
      "url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/ENMMGKHRQIZ3QKGOMBBBGB6B4LB5I7NQ/"
    },
    {
      "source": "cve@mitre.org",
      "url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/KBLTGBYU7NKOUOHDKVCU4GFZMGA6BP4L/"
    },
    {
      "source": "cve@mitre.org",
      "tags": [
        "Third Party Advisory"
      ],
      "url": "https://rubygems.org/gems/kramdown"
    },
    {
      "source": "cve@mitre.org",
      "tags": [
        "Third Party Advisory"
      ],
      "url": "https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20200731-0004/"
    },
    {
      "source": "cve@mitre.org",
      "tags": [
        "Third Party Advisory"
      ],
      "url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/4562-1/"
    },
    {
      "source": "cve@mitre.org",
      "tags": [
        "Third Party Advisory"
      ],
      "url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2020/dsa-4743"
    },
    {
      "source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
      "tags": [
        "Third Party Advisory"
      ],
      "url": "https://github.com/gettalong/kramdown"
    },
    {
      "source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
      "tags": [
        "Patch",
        "Third Party Advisory"
      ],
      "url": "https://github.com/gettalong/kramdown/commit/1b8fd33c3120bfc6e5164b449e2c2fc9c9306fde"
    },
    {
      "source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
      "tags": [
        "Patch",
        "Third Party Advisory"
      ],
      "url": "https://github.com/gettalong/kramdown/compare/REL_2_2_1...REL_2_3_0"
    },
    {
      "source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
      "tags": [
        "Vendor Advisory"
      ],
      "url": "https://kramdown.gettalong.org"
    },
    {
      "source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
      "tags": [
        "Release Notes",
        "Vendor Advisory"
      ],
      "url": "https://kramdown.gettalong.org/news.html"
    },
    {
      "source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
      "url": "https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/r96df7899fbb456fe2705882f710a0c8e8614b573fbffd8d12e3f54d2%40%3Cnotifications.fluo.apache.org%3E"
    },
    {
      "source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
      "tags": [
        "Mailing List",
        "Third Party Advisory"
      ],
      "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2020/08/msg00014.html"
    },
    {
      "source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
      "url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/ENMMGKHRQIZ3QKGOMBBBGB6B4LB5I7NQ/"
    },
    {
      "source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
      "url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/KBLTGBYU7NKOUOHDKVCU4GFZMGA6BP4L/"
    },
    {
      "source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
      "tags": [
        "Third Party Advisory"
      ],
      "url": "https://rubygems.org/gems/kramdown"
    },
    {
      "source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
      "tags": [
        "Third Party Advisory"
      ],
      "url": "https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20200731-0004/"
    },
    {
      "source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
      "tags": [
        "Third Party Advisory"
      ],
      "url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/4562-1/"
    },
    {
      "source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
      "tags": [
        "Third Party Advisory"
      ],
      "url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2020/dsa-4743"
    }
  ],
  "sourceIdentifier": "cve@mitre.org",
  "vulnStatus": "Modified",
  "weaknesses": [
    {
      "description": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "CWE-862"
        }
      ],
      "source": "nvd@nist.gov",
      "type": "Primary"
    }
  ]
}



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Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.

Sightings

Author Source Type Date Other

Nomenclature

  • Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
  • Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
  • Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
  • Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
  • Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.


Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.


Related by attack behaviour

Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.