CVE-2026-99236 (GCVE-0-2026-99236)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-11-02 16:06 – Updated: 2026-11-03 19:13
VLAI
Title
tracing: Reject incomplete event filter expressions
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: tracing: Reject incomplete event filter expressions A non-empty expression normally finishes in predicate_parse()'s inner loop, which resolves the pending logical operators before jumping to finalization. If the input ends after an operator, possibly followed by unary '!' tokens, the outer loop instead falls through with unresolved operator state. For example, "common_pid == 1 || common_pid == 2 &&" leaves prog[0].target equal to -1. The second pass then reads prog[-1] before the forward-jump check can reject it. Depending on adjacent slab contents, it can also copy an out-of-bounds word into a branch target that passes the forward-only check. A self-targeted perf tracepoint counting event can reach this path through PERF_EVENT_IOC_SET_FILTER. Reject the outer-loop fallthrough when a predicate has already been parsed. This ensures that non-empty expressions only reach finalization after the inner loop has resolved their operators. Keep the existing no-filter error for input that has no predicates. Add a regression test for trailing logical operators and unary negations.
Severity
7.8 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Assigner
Linux CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard D 53/100 over 6641 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version CPE status
Linux Linux Affected: 80765597bc587feae8dbc8ce97a0f32e12a6e625 , < 4a1a6d35359991c5d47f4bf101cfbe1475c94093 (git)
Affected: 80765597bc587feae8dbc8ce97a0f32e12a6e625 , < 2a98f5d4913ec081e08e1075512cb7ec313d9f72 (git)
Affected: 80765597bc587feae8dbc8ce97a0f32e12a6e625 , < 15ff3cc7f2beecc3f95d66358f20ad7b057466aa (git)
Affected: 80765597bc587feae8dbc8ce97a0f32e12a6e625 , < b205ff58e02922ac324f931cf9eb238a3acdb048 (git)
Affected: 80765597bc587feae8dbc8ce97a0f32e12a6e625 , < 5a999b5a16530898f0dbe5f8c50fd45ea72e110b (git)
Affected: 80765597bc587feae8dbc8ce97a0f32e12a6e625 , < 1008e9e0b8280d47f1ab5e9c113f666a023a9697 (git)
Affected: 80765597bc587feae8dbc8ce97a0f32e12a6e625 , < 64993d970dde2a2da353e9e99595a4fa88ec27d9 (git)
Affected: 80765597bc587feae8dbc8ce97a0f32e12a6e625 , < 5bcdf3c18c3471122ee9652b0e2f5cdb718d9a46 (git)
Affected: 80765597bc587feae8dbc8ce97a0f32e12a6e625 , < 1fdc4164e488916402badddbb1f51e9380dabb91 (git)
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Linux Linux Affected: 4.17
Unaffected: 0 , < 4.17 (semver)
Unaffected: 5.10.273 , ≤ 5.10.* (semver)
Unaffected: 5.15.224 , ≤ 5.15.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.1.191 , ≤ 6.1.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.6.161 , ≤ 6.6.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.12.115 , ≤ 6.12.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.18.60 , ≤ 6.18.* (semver)
Unaffected: 7.2.14 , ≤ 7.2.* (semver)
Unaffected: 7.3.1 , ≤ 7.3.* (semver)
Unaffected: 7.4-rc1 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix)
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{
  "containers": {
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          "product": "Linux",
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          "vendor": "Linux",
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              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.1.191",
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              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.12.115",
              "versionType": "semver"
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              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.18.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.18.60",
              "versionType": "semver"
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            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "7.2.*",
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              "version": "7.2.14",
              "versionType": "semver"
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              "lessThanOrEqual": "7.3.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "7.3.1",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "7.4-rc1",
              "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
            }
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        }
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                  "versionStartIncluding": "4.17",
                  "vulnerable": true
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                  "versionEndExcluding": "5.15.224",
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                  "vulnerable": true
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                {
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              ],
              "negate": false,
              "operator": "OR"
            }
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      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\ntracing: Reject incomplete event filter expressions\n\nA non-empty expression normally finishes in predicate_parse()\u0027s inner\nloop, which resolves the pending logical operators before jumping to\nfinalization. If the input ends after an operator, possibly followed by\nunary \u0027!\u0027 tokens, the outer loop instead falls through with unresolved\noperator state.\n\nFor example, \"common_pid == 1 || common_pid == 2 \u0026\u0026\" leaves\nprog[0].target equal to -1. The second pass then reads prog[-1] before\nthe forward-jump check can reject it. Depending on adjacent slab\ncontents, it can also copy an out-of-bounds word into a branch target\nthat passes the forward-only check. A self-targeted perf tracepoint\ncounting event can reach this path through PERF_EVENT_IOC_SET_FILTER.\n\nReject the outer-loop fallthrough when a predicate has already been\nparsed. This ensures that non-empty expressions only reach finalization\nafter the inner loop has resolved their operators. Keep the existing\nno-filter error for input that has no predicates. Add a regression test\nfor trailing logical operators and unary negations."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "baseScore": 7.8,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "scenarios": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "AV:L - The incomplete expression is copied from userspace by perf_event_set_filter() via ioctl(PERF_EVENT_IOC_SET_FILTER) on a PERF_TYPE_TRACEPOINT fd, then passed to ftrace_profile_set_filter(), create_filter(), process_preds(), and the patched predicate_parse(). No network protocol carries the filter string.\nAC:L - A trailing operator such as \"common_pid == 1 || common_pid == 2 \u0026\u0026\" makes predicate_parse() leave the outer loop with N\u003e0 and prog[0].target still -1, so the second pass always reads prog[-1]. No race or admin-triggered state is required; a positive copied target that passes the forward-only check can be placed in the adjacent kmalloc object by heap spray.\nPR:L - An unprivileged process can open a self-targeted PERF_TYPE_TRACEPOINT counting event with exclude_kernel=1 and no PERF_SAMPLE_RAW: sys_perf_event_open() skips perf_allow_kernel(), and perf_trace_event_perm() returns 0 before perf_allow_tracepoint(). The same fd\u0027s owner then calls PERF_EVENT_IOC_SET_FILTER.\nUI:N - The attacking process itself performs perf_event_open() and ioctl(PERF_EVENT_IOC_SET_FILTER); no other user must mount a filesystem, write a tracefs filter file, or otherwise act.\nS:U - predicate_parse() underflows the kmalloc\u0027d prog_stack in the host kernel that already enforces perf access; a resulting local kernel memory-safety issue does not cross a guest-host, IOMMU, or other security authority.\nC:H - The second pass reads prog[-1] and may copy its target into prog[0]. filter_match_preds() then uses that value as a program index, so a large copied word walks off the allocation and interprets heap as struct filter_pred, which is an unbounded kernel read rather than a few-byte leak.\nI:H - A groomed out-of-range prog_entry can make filter_match_preds() call filter_pred_fn_call() on a fake filter_pred. FILTER_PRED_FN_STRING reaches pred-\u003eregex-\u003ematch, an attacker-influenced function pointer, so the corrupted branch target is exploitable for control-flow hijack rather than only a counting mismatch.\nA:H - With a wild target, filter_match_preds() dereferences prog[i].pred off the allocation. A sys_enter_* counting event still evaluates the filter because perf_syscall_enter() passes user pt_regs, so user_mode() is true and exclude_kernel=1 does not skip perf_tp_filter_match(); the attacker then oopses the kernel by making a syscall."
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-11-03T19:13:04.332Z",
        "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "shortName": "Linux"
      },
      "references": [
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          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/4a1a6d35359991c5d47f4bf101cfbe1475c94093"
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        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/2a98f5d4913ec081e08e1075512cb7ec313d9f72"
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        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/15ff3cc7f2beecc3f95d66358f20ad7b057466aa"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b205ff58e02922ac324f931cf9eb238a3acdb048"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/5a999b5a16530898f0dbe5f8c50fd45ea72e110b"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/1008e9e0b8280d47f1ab5e9c113f666a023a9697"
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        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/1fdc4164e488916402badddbb1f51e9380dabb91"
        }
      ],
      "title": "tracing: Reject incomplete event filter expressions",
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  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
    "assignerShortName": "Linux",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-99236",
    "datePublished": "2026-11-02T16:06:41.950Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-09-25T10:25:14.402Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-11-03T19:13:04.332Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2",
  "vulnerability-lookup:meta": {
    "epss": {
      "cve": "CVE-2026-99236",
      "date": "2026-11-11",
      "epss": "0.00126",
      "percentile": "0.02323"
    },
    "microsoft_vex": {
      "current_release_date": "2026-11-07T01:45:03.000Z",
      "cve": "CVE-2026-99236",
      "id": "msrc_CVE-2026-99236",
      "initial_release_date": "2026-11-04T01:02:45.000Z",
      "product_status:fixed": "1",
      "product_status:known_affected": "1",
      "source": "Microsoft CSAF VEX",
      "status": "final",
      "title": "tracing: Reject incomplete event filter expressions",
      "url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/csaf/vex/2026/msrc_cve-2026-99236.json",
      "version": "3"
    },
    "nvd": {
      "cve": {
        "affected": [
          {
            "affectedData": [
              {
                "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
                "product": "Linux",
                "programFiles": [
                  "kernel/trace/trace_events_filter.c",
                  "tools/testing/selftests/ftrace/test.d/filter/event-filter-incomplete.tc"
                ],
                "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
                "vendor": "Linux",
                "versions": [
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                    "versionType": "git"
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                    "status": "affected",
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                    "versionType": "git"
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                  {
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                    "status": "affected",
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                "vendor": "Linux",
                "versions": [
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                    "version": "0",
                    "versionType": "semver"
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                    "version": "5.10.273",
                    "versionType": "semver"
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                    "status": "unaffected",
                    "version": "5.15.224",
                    "versionType": "semver"
                  },
                  {
                    "lessThanOrEqual": "6.1.*",
                    "status": "unaffected",
                    "version": "6.1.191",
                    "versionType": "semver"
                  },
                  {
                    "lessThanOrEqual": "6.6.*",
                    "status": "unaffected",
                    "version": "6.6.161",
                    "versionType": "semver"
                  },
                  {
                    "lessThanOrEqual": "6.12.*",
                    "status": "unaffected",
                    "version": "6.12.115",
                    "versionType": "semver"
                  },
                  {
                    "lessThanOrEqual": "6.18.*",
                    "status": "unaffected",
                    "version": "6.18.60",
                    "versionType": "semver"
                  },
                  {
                    "lessThanOrEqual": "7.2.*",
                    "status": "unaffected",
                    "version": "7.2.14",
                    "versionType": "semver"
                  },
                  {
                    "lessThanOrEqual": "7.3.*",
                    "status": "unaffected",
                    "version": "7.3.1",
                    "versionType": "semver"
                  },
                  {
                    "lessThanOrEqual": "*",
                    "status": "unaffected",
                    "version": "7.4-rc1",
                    "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ],
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67"
          }
        ],
        "cveTags": [],
        "descriptions": [
          {
            "lang": "en",
            "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\ntracing: Reject incomplete event filter expressions\n\nA non-empty expression normally finishes in predicate_parse()\u0027s inner\nloop, which resolves the pending logical operators before jumping to\nfinalization. If the input ends after an operator, possibly followed by\nunary \u0027!\u0027 tokens, the outer loop instead falls through with unresolved\noperator state.\n\nFor example, \"common_pid == 1 || common_pid == 2 \u0026\u0026\" leaves\nprog[0].target equal to -1. The second pass then reads prog[-1] before\nthe forward-jump check can reject it. Depending on adjacent slab\ncontents, it can also copy an out-of-bounds word into a branch target\nthat passes the forward-only check. A self-targeted perf tracepoint\ncounting event can reach this path through PERF_EVENT_IOC_SET_FILTER.\n\nReject the outer-loop fallthrough when a predicate has already been\nparsed. This ensures that non-empty expressions only reach finalization\nafter the inner loop has resolved their operators. Keep the existing\nno-filter error for input that has no predicates. Add a regression test\nfor trailing logical operators and unary negations."
          }
        ],
        "id": "CVE-2026-99236",
        "lastModified": "2026-11-03T20:18:29.827",
        "metrics": {
          "cvssMetricV31": [
            {
              "cvssData": {
                "attackComplexity": "LOW",
                "attackVector": "LOCAL",
                "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
                "baseScore": 7.8,
                "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
                "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
                "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
                "privilegesRequired": "LOW",
                "scope": "UNCHANGED",
                "userInteraction": "NONE",
                "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
                "version": "3.1"
              },
              "exploitabilityScore": 1.8,
              "impactScore": 5.9,
              "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
              "type": "Secondary"
            }
          ]
        },
        "published": "2026-11-02T16:17:49.003",
        "references": [
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/1008e9e0b8280d47f1ab5e9c113f666a023a9697"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/15ff3cc7f2beecc3f95d66358f20ad7b057466aa"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/1fdc4164e488916402badddbb1f51e9380dabb91"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/2a98f5d4913ec081e08e1075512cb7ec313d9f72"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/4a1a6d35359991c5d47f4bf101cfbe1475c94093"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/5a999b5a16530898f0dbe5f8c50fd45ea72e110b"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/5bcdf3c18c3471122ee9652b0e2f5cdb718d9a46"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/64993d970dde2a2da353e9e99595a4fa88ec27d9"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b205ff58e02922ac324f931cf9eb238a3acdb048"
          }
        ],
        "sourceIdentifier": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "vulnStatus": "Received"
      }
    },
    "redhat_vex": {
      "aggregate_severity": "Important",
      "current_release_date": "2026-11-05T00:20:46+00:00",
      "cve": "CVE-2026-99236",
      "id": "CVE-2026-99236",
      "initial_release_date": "2026-11-02T16:06:41.950000+00:00",
      "product_status:known_affected": "162",
      "product_status:known_not_affected": "42",
      "source": "Red Hat CSAF VEX",
      "status": "final",
      "title": "kernel: kernel: privilege escalation via incomplete event filter expressions",
      "url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2026/cve-2026-99236.json",
      "version": "3"
    }
  }
}



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Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.

Sightings

Author Source Type Date Other

Nomenclature

  • Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
  • Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
  • Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
  • Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
  • Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Vulnerability timeline

Sightings and recorded dates, grouped by day · UTC

JSON
How durations are calculated

Following the VTEM framework (Black Hat USA 2015), time to patch starts when the vendor or a coordinator was informed, total time to patch at discovery, and disclosure to patch at public disclosure; vendor response time runs from the report to its acknowledgement. Time to exploit and time unpatched start at the earliest discovery or report, falling back to public disclosure. Unpatched time ends at the first recorded patch, or the calculation time when no patch is recorded. Exploitation to patch shows the interval between those two events; a published proof of concept is a public exploit, not exploitation.

Each result shows its source dates. A negative interval means the end event came first; when date-only inputs leave the order open, the result says so. Date-only inputs are approximate. The earliest evidence wins: KEV report dates and sightings are labelled as such. Records describing another vulnerability are listed but never calculated from, and a PoC alone does not establish exploitation. Missing patch evidence does not prove that no patch exists. Filters below change the event list only.

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    Related by attack behaviour

    Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.