CVE-2026-89789 (GCVE-0-2026-89789)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-16 08:48 – Updated: 2026-10-19 08:52
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
gtp: add synchronize_net() in gtp_newlink() error path to prevent use-after-free
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
gtp: add synchronize_net() in gtp_newlink() error path to prevent use-after-free
gtp_newlink()'s error path frees tid_hash and addr_hash without
waiting for an RCU grace period after clearing sk_user_data. A
concurrent gtp_encap_recv() in softirq may still hold the gtp_dev
pointer obtained via rcu_dereference_sk_user_data() and access the
freed memory.
BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in gtp0_pdp_find+0x1f6/0x200 (gtp.c:152)
Call Trace:
<IRQ>
gtp0_pdp_find+0x1f6/0x200
gtp_encap_recv+0x527/0x24b0
udp_queue_rcv_one_skb+0x75f/0xc10
Add synchronize_net() before the kfree calls in out_hashtable, which
covers all error paths from both gtp_encap_enable() and
gtp_create_sockets().
Severity
7.8 (High)
Assigner
References
8 references
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | CPE status | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Linux | Linux |
Affected:
459aa660eb1d8ce67080da1983bb81d716aa5a69 , < fcafb2b1430824bae4258c01a439ec97ca0c6973
(git)
Affected: 459aa660eb1d8ce67080da1983bb81d716aa5a69 , < 3ca3da5c305caa873ddb81e8c6b118143f6dd3d1 (git) Affected: 459aa660eb1d8ce67080da1983bb81d716aa5a69 , < 6f815c2fb6ab20385f81c353cdad0ea3b88132af (git) Affected: 459aa660eb1d8ce67080da1983bb81d716aa5a69 , < e3b9aa0773abd5d4ed90be41ce5306c146d5b09e (git) Affected: 459aa660eb1d8ce67080da1983bb81d716aa5a69 , < fd8396cfecbd904468c71362f08aaa25f96d5337 (git) Affected: 459aa660eb1d8ce67080da1983bb81d716aa5a69 , < 7677eb2cbf2cc7446de474c01a6b06277c0051e5 (git) Affected: 459aa660eb1d8ce67080da1983bb81d716aa5a69 , < 8d85498016a5bb56339734a14c276209fa65bafc (git) Affected: 459aa660eb1d8ce67080da1983bb81d716aa5a69 , < d989e22ae9802c52c56ad4284d0caf26696cf6ae (git) |
guessed | |
| Linux | Linux |
Affected:
4.7
Unaffected: 0 , < 4.7 (semver) Unaffected: 5.10.270 , ≤ 5.10.* (semver) Unaffected: 5.15.221 , ≤ 5.15.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.1.188 , ≤ 6.1.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.6.157 , ≤ 6.6.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.12.110 , ≤ 6.12.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.18.52 , ≤ 6.18.* (semver) Unaffected: 7.2.6 , ≤ 7.2.* (semver) Unaffected: 7.3 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix) |
guessed |
{
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}
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"nodes": [
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"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\ngtp: add synchronize_net() in gtp_newlink() error path to prevent use-after-free\n\ngtp_newlink()\u0027s error path frees tid_hash and addr_hash without\nwaiting for an RCU grace period after clearing sk_user_data. A\nconcurrent gtp_encap_recv() in softirq may still hold the gtp_dev\npointer obtained via rcu_dereference_sk_user_data() and access the\nfreed memory.\n\n BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in gtp0_pdp_find+0x1f6/0x200 (gtp.c:152)\n Call Trace:\n \u003cIRQ\u003e\n gtp0_pdp_find+0x1f6/0x200\n gtp_encap_recv+0x527/0x24b0\n udp_queue_rcv_one_skb+0x75f/0xc10\n\nAdd synchronize_net() before the kfree calls in out_hashtable, which\ncovers all error paths from both gtp_encap_enable() and\ngtp_create_sockets()."
}
],
"metrics": [
{
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"version": "3.1"
},
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"lang": "en",
"value": "AV:L - The UAF is triggered from gtp_newlink()\u0027s RTM_NEWLINK error path (ip link add type gtp), a local rtnetlink configuration interface. Concurrent gtp_encap_recv() in softirq only uses already-freed tid_hash/addr_hash; a remote GTP-U peer cannot cause the free.\nAC:L - The attacker controls both sides of the RCU race: one thread issues RTM_NEWLINK that fails after setup_udp_tunnel_sock() (invalid second FD, IPv4/IPv6 family mismatch, or register_netdevice failure) while another floods UDP datagrams at the encap socket so gtp_encap_recv() still holds the gtp_dev pointer across the kfree.\nPR:L - Creating a GTP device requires CAP_NET_ADMIN in the target netns via rtnl_link_get_net_capable()/netlink_ns_capable(). Unprivileged users obtain this through user+network namespaces (unshare -Urn); gtp_link_ops has no extra init-namespace check and MODULE_ALIAS_RTNL_LINK(\"gtp\") permits module autoload.\nUI:N - The attacker opens its own UDP sockets, sends packets to them, and issues the failing RTM_NEWLINK from its own process. No separate victim action such as mounting a filesystem or opening a file is required.\nS:U - Impact is a host-kernel slab use-after-free in drivers/net/gtp.c, i.e. standard local privilege escalation within the same kernel security authority, not a KVM/Xen guest-to-host escape or IOMMU/DMA boundary bypass.\nC:H - gtp0_pdp_find()/gtp1_pdp_find() walk the attacker-sized freed tid_hash hlist under RCU. Heap spraying that slab yields a fake pdp_ctx and an arbitrary kernel read primitive, so Confidentiality is High per UAF guidance.\nI:H - A sprayed fake pdp_ctx is passed to gtp_rx(), which writes device stats, assigns skb-\u003edev, and calls __netif_rx(); combined with UAF heap reuse this is an arbitrary write and control-flow hijack primitive, so Integrity is High.\nA:H - KASAN reports slab-use-after-free in gtp0_pdp_find from gtp_encap_recv in softirq (udp_queue_rcv_one_skb). The UAF causes a kernel oops or panic even when not fully exploited, so Availability is High."
}
]
}
],
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"references": [
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{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/3ca3da5c305caa873ddb81e8c6b118143f6dd3d1"
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"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/7677eb2cbf2cc7446de474c01a6b06277c0051e5"
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"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/8d85498016a5bb56339734a14c276209fa65bafc"
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{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d989e22ae9802c52c56ad4284d0caf26696cf6ae"
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"title": "gtp: add synchronize_net() in gtp_newlink() error path to prevent use-after-free",
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"cveId": "CVE-2026-89789",
"datePublished": "2026-09-16T08:48:25.689Z",
"dateReserved": "2026-09-11T19:38:34.766Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-10-19T08:52:43.083Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
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"date": "2026-11-10",
"epss": "0.00164",
"percentile": "0.05648"
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"cve": "CVE-2026-89789",
"id": "msrc_CVE-2026-89789",
"initial_release_date": "2026-09-17T01:16:23.000Z",
"product_status:fixed": "1",
"product_status:known_affected": "2",
"product_status:under_investigation": "1",
"source": "Microsoft CSAF VEX",
"status": "final",
"title": "gtp: add synchronize_net() in gtp_newlink() error path to prevent use-after-free",
"url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/csaf/vex/2026/msrc_cve-2026-89789.json",
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"versions": [
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"version": "6.18.52",
"versionType": "semver"
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{
"lessThanOrEqual": "7.2.*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "7.2.6",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
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"status": "unaffected",
"version": "7.3",
"versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
}
]
}
],
"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67"
}
],
"cveTags": [],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\ngtp: add synchronize_net() in gtp_newlink() error path to prevent use-after-free\n\ngtp_newlink()\u0027s error path frees tid_hash and addr_hash without\nwaiting for an RCU grace period after clearing sk_user_data. A\nconcurrent gtp_encap_recv() in softirq may still hold the gtp_dev\npointer obtained via rcu_dereference_sk_user_data() and access the\nfreed memory.\n\n BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in gtp0_pdp_find+0x1f6/0x200 (gtp.c:152)\n Call Trace:\n \u003cIRQ\u003e\n gtp0_pdp_find+0x1f6/0x200\n gtp_encap_recv+0x527/0x24b0\n udp_queue_rcv_one_skb+0x75f/0xc10\n\nAdd synchronize_net() before the kfree calls in out_hashtable, which\ncovers all error paths from both gtp_encap_enable() and\ngtp_create_sockets()."
}
],
"id": "CVE-2026-89789",
"lastModified": "2026-10-19T09:18:22.550",
"metrics": {
"cvssMetricV31": [
{
"cvssData": {
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackVector": "LOCAL",
"availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
"baseScore": 7.8,
"baseSeverity": "HIGH",
"confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
"integrityImpact": "HIGH",
"privilegesRequired": "LOW",
"scope": "UNCHANGED",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"version": "3.1"
},
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"impactScore": 5.9,
"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
"type": "Secondary"
}
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},
"published": "2026-09-16T09:17:09.697",
"references": [
{
"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/3ca3da5c305caa873ddb81e8c6b118143f6dd3d1"
},
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"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/8d85498016a5bb56339734a14c276209fa65bafc"
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{
"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d989e22ae9802c52c56ad4284d0caf26696cf6ae"
},
{
"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e3b9aa0773abd5d4ed90be41ce5306c146d5b09e"
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"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/fcafb2b1430824bae4258c01a439ec97ca0c6973"
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{
"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/fd8396cfecbd904468c71362f08aaa25f96d5337"
}
],
"sourceIdentifier": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
"vulnStatus": "Received"
}
},
"redhat_vex": {
"aggregate_severity": "Moderate",
"current_release_date": "2026-11-06T04:13:25+00:00",
"cve": "CVE-2026-89789",
"id": "CVE-2026-89789",
"initial_release_date": "2026-09-16T00:00:00+00:00",
"product_status:known_not_affected": "203",
"source": "Red Hat CSAF VEX",
"status": "final",
"title": "kernel: gtp: add synchronize_net() in gtp_newlink() error path to prevent use-after-free",
"url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2026/cve-2026-89789.json",
"version": "3"
}
}
}
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Drag nodes to arrange them. Double-click a related vulnerability to open it, or a source to visit its link. The Physics button on the left tunes the layout and the simulation; the legend at the bottom left hides or shows nodes by kind and by sighting type.
Experimental. This forecast is provided for visualization only and may change without notice. Do not use it for operational decisions.
Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.
Sightings
| Author | Source | Type | Date | Other |
|---|
Nomenclature
- Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
- Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
- Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
- Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
- Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Vulnerability timeline
Sightings and recorded dates, grouped by day · UTC
How durations are calculated
Following the VTEM framework (Black Hat USA 2015), time to patch starts when the vendor or a coordinator was informed, total time to patch at discovery, and disclosure to patch at public disclosure; vendor response time runs from the report to its acknowledgement. Time to exploit and time unpatched start at the earliest discovery or report, falling back to public disclosure. Unpatched time ends at the first recorded patch, or the calculation time when no patch is recorded. Exploitation to patch shows the interval between those two events; a published proof of concept is a public exploit, not exploitation.
Each result shows its source dates. A negative interval means the end event came first; when date-only inputs leave the order open, the result says so. Date-only inputs are approximate. The earliest evidence wins: KEV report dates and sightings are labelled as such. Records describing another vulnerability are listed but never calculated from, and a PoC alone does not establish exploitation. Missing patch evidence does not prove that no patch exists. Filters below change the event list only.
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The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the
vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base
model, served locally by ML-Gateway.
They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.
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Related by attack behaviour
Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.