Vulnerability-Lookup

CVE-2026-81096 (GCVE-0-2026-81096)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-27 14:50 – Updated: 2026-08-27 18:13

Title

ToolUniverse through 1.2.6 Unauthenticated Remote Code Execution via python_code_executor Sandbox Escape

Summary

ToolUniverse ran caller-supplied Python inside a sandbox that could be escaped, on a server that required no authentication. The executor behind the python_code_executor tool, in python_executor_tool.py, inspected the submitted source for a denied list of attribute names and calls but left the attribute-lookup builtins available and did not stop a dunder attribute reached through a string lookup or through a module already permitted, so a caller could walk from a literal's class to its base and enumerate subclasses to obtain a reference to the process and subprocess modules. A per-call argument also let the caller widen the import allow-list before the inspection ran. The HTTP and MCP servers in http_api_server.py and smcp_server.py bound to every interface with debugging enabled and no authentication, so any caller able to reach the port executed code as the server process. Version 1.3.0 adds bearer-token authentication, defaults the bind address to loopback, and hardens the attribute checks.

Severity

9.3 (Critical)


                        
                          CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

10 (Critical)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: total

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2026-08-27 18:13 UTC

CWE

CWE-94 - Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')

Assigner

VulnCheck mitre root

References

4 references

URL	Tags
https://github.com/mims-harvard/ToolUniverse	product
https://github.com/mims-harvard/ToolUniverse/pull/251	issue-tracking
https://github.com/mims-harvard/ToolUniverse/secu…	vendor-advisory
https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/tooluniverse…	third-party-advisory

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version	CPE status
mims-harvard	ToolUniverse	Affected: 0 , ≤ 1.2.6 (semver)	guessed

Date Public

2026-08-26 00:00

Credits

Avishai Gonen (Pluto Security)

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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FKIE_CVE-2026-81096

Vulnerability from fkie_nvd - Published: 2026-08-27 17:20 - Updated: 2026-08-27 20:18

Severity

10.0 (Critical) - CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

Summary

References

	URL	Tags
	disclosure@vulncheck.com	https://github.com/mims-harvard/ToolUniverse
	disclosure@vulncheck.com	https://github.com/mims-harvard/ToolUniverse/pull/251
	disclosure@vulncheck.com	https://github.com/mims-harvard/ToolUniverse/security/advisories/GHSA-pxwq-22vf-87fm
	disclosure@vulncheck.com	https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/tooluniverse-through-1.2.6-unauthenticated-remote-code-execution-via-python-code-executor-sandbox-escape

Impacted products

	Vendor	Product	Version

JSON

To clipboard

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          "userInteraction": "NONE",
          "valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
          "version": "4.0",
          "vulnAvailabilityImpact": "HIGH",
          "vulnConfidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
          "vulnIntegrityImpact": "HIGH",
          "vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED"
        },
        "source": "disclosure@vulncheck.com",
        "type": "Secondary"
      }
    ],
    "ssvcV203": [
      {
        "source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
        "ssvcData": {
          "id": "CVE-2026-81096",
          "options": [
            {
              "exploitation": "none"
            },
            {
              "automatable": "yes"
            },
            {
              "technicalImpact": "total"
            }
          ],
          "role": "CISA Coordinator",
          "timestamp": "2026-08-27T18:13:07.150435Z",
          "version": "2.0.3"
        }
      }
    ]
  },
  "published": "2026-08-27T17:20:51.950",
  "references": [
    {
      "source": "disclosure@vulncheck.com",
      "url": "https://github.com/mims-harvard/ToolUniverse"
    },
    {
      "source": "disclosure@vulncheck.com",
      "url": "https://github.com/mims-harvard/ToolUniverse/pull/251"
    },
    {
      "source": "disclosure@vulncheck.com",
      "url": "https://github.com/mims-harvard/ToolUniverse/security/advisories/GHSA-pxwq-22vf-87fm"
    },
    {
      "source": "disclosure@vulncheck.com",
      "url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/tooluniverse-through-1.2.6-unauthenticated-remote-code-execution-via-python-code-executor-sandbox-escape"
    }
  ],
  "sourceIdentifier": "disclosure@vulncheck.com",
  "vulnStatus": "Received",
  "weaknesses": [
    {
      "description": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "CWE-94"
        }
      ],
      "source": "disclosure@vulncheck.com",
      "type": "Secondary"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-RG68-WG77-C3WM

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-08-27 18:32 – Updated: 2026-08-27 18:32

Details

Severity

10.0 (Critical)


                  
                    CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

9.3 (Critical)


                  
                    CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Show details on source website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-81096"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-94"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-08-27T17:20:51Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "ToolUniverse ran caller-supplied Python inside a sandbox that could be escaped, on a server that required no authentication. The executor behind the python_code_executor tool, in python_executor_tool.py, inspected the submitted source for a denied list of attribute names and calls but left the attribute-lookup builtins available and did not stop a dunder attribute reached through a string lookup or through a module already permitted, so a caller could walk from a literal\u0027s class to its base and enumerate subclasses to obtain a reference to the process and subprocess modules. A per-call argument also let the caller widen the import allow-list before the inspection ran. The HTTP and MCP servers in http_api_server.py and smcp_server.py bound to every interface with debugging enabled and no authentication, so any caller able to reach the port executed code as the server process. Version 1.3.0 adds bearer-token authentication, defaults the bind address to loopback, and hardens the attribute checks.",
  "id": "GHSA-rg68-wg77-c3wm",
  "modified": "2026-08-27T18:32:25Z",
  "published": "2026-08-27T18:32:25Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/mims-harvard/ToolUniverse/security/advisories/GHSA-pxwq-22vf-87fm"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-81096"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/mims-harvard/ToolUniverse/pull/251"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/mims-harvard/ToolUniverse"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/tooluniverse-through-1.2.6-unauthenticated-remote-code-execution-via-python-code-executor-sandbox-escape"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

Sightings

Author	Source	Type	Date	Other

Nomenclature

Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.

Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.

The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base model, served locally by ML-Gateway. They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.

Action not permitted

CVE-2026-81096 (GCVE-0-2026-81096)

FKIE_CVE-2026-81096

GHSA-RG68-WG77-C3WM

Tags

Sightings

Nomenclature