CVE-2026-80731 (GCVE-0-2026-80731)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-03 08:21 – Updated: 2026-09-04 04:58
VLAI
Title
net: remove CAP_SYS_RAWIO zero-padding in dev_validate_header
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net: remove CAP_SYS_RAWIO zero-padding in dev_validate_header dev_validate_header() reads dev->hard_header_len directly when zero-padding short link layer headers for CAP_SYS_RAWIO holders: if (capable(CAP_SYS_RAWIO)) { memset(ll_header + len, 0, dev->hard_header_len - len); return true; } Packet send paths call dev_validate_header() on skbs whose headroom was allocated from an earlier hard_header_len read. If the device is reconfigured so that dev->hard_header_len increases before validation, the memset writes past the reserved buffer, an out-of-bounds write. This out-of-bounds write is masked in some SOCK_RAW paths today because the same concurrent increase can first make skb_push() exceed the reserved headroom and trigger skb_under_panic(). Remove the zero-padding branch before making those hard_header_len reads consistent, so the snapshot fixes do not turn a loud panic into a silent overwrite. This path is only reached for variable length L2 protocols, where len < hard_header_len but len >= min_header_len. No remaining in-tree variable length L2 protocol implements header_ops->validate, and the CAP_SYS_RAWIO bypass that zero-pads and accepts short headers has no real value beyond allowing testing of intentionally malformed input. Drop the CAP_SYS_RAWIO branch. The remaining reads of dev->hard_header_len in dev_validate_header() are comparisons only and have no memory safety impact.
Severity
7.8 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version CPE status
Linux Linux Affected: b5518429e70cd783b8ca52335456172c1a0589f6 , < 53fd7f912c0877647d6a1e1877f5ea8535ee0b4a (git)
Affected: 2793a23aacbd754dbbb5cb75093deb7e4103bace , < fa6d98dd925e72fc028b26a0cbbff9d2f0601ff6 (git)
Affected: 2793a23aacbd754dbbb5cb75093deb7e4103bace , < 8fc9816404166a90ed8d544dc52482fafffb6d9f (git)
Affected: 2793a23aacbd754dbbb5cb75093deb7e4103bace , < b0f92a5731dc82556a9ae005cc35f71ab136307b (git)
Affected: 2793a23aacbd754dbbb5cb75093deb7e4103bace , < 99df6b7a713f96eda206680d100b76e15f9d9b69 (git)
Affected: 2793a23aacbd754dbbb5cb75093deb7e4103bace , < 74e035f07f53feca09e2352e77fccb09cad5e208 (git)
Affected: 2793a23aacbd754dbbb5cb75093deb7e4103bace , < dbb30dc943a93e083f1e531bfdc6779e57de40d0 (git)
Affected: 2793a23aacbd754dbbb5cb75093deb7e4103bace , < fc902f52a02298c7432b2334c0c82a2885a1a8b6 (git)
Affected: 2793a23aacbd754dbbb5cb75093deb7e4103bace , < 3b9a324e646d3657a8d9806dfbfe4f3e4066e882 (git)
Affected: f58a6c08ebdfa978178bbca78c2ba744a2665912 (git)
Affected: 1df16498dfd0d5a129bdf2982d9a08df73e8923d (git)
Affected: 8b8d278aa4de9335682bbd4a3bb619af015c859e (git)
Affected: 6804052fa9d86e9a512c88b24a5debbfc1a490fc (git)
Affected: 3.2.80 , < 3.2.81 (semver)
Affected: 3.16.36 , < 3.17 (semver)
Affected: 4.1.28 , < 4.2 (semver)
Affected: 4.4.8 , < 4.5 (semver)
Affected: 4.5.2 , < 4.6 (semver)
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Linux Linux Affected: 4.6
Unaffected: 0 , < 4.6 (semver)
Unaffected: 3.2.81 , ≤ 3.2.* (semver)
Unaffected: 5.10.265 , ≤ 5.10.* (semver)
Unaffected: 5.15.216 , ≤ 5.15.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.1.183 , ≤ 6.1.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.6.152 , ≤ 6.6.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.12.104 , ≤ 6.12.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.18.45 , ≤ 6.18.* (semver)
Unaffected: 7.1.9 , ≤ 7.1.* (semver)
Unaffected: 7.2 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix)
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      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nnet: remove CAP_SYS_RAWIO zero-padding in dev_validate_header\n\ndev_validate_header() reads dev-\u003ehard_header_len directly when\nzero-padding short link layer headers for CAP_SYS_RAWIO holders:\n\n    if (capable(CAP_SYS_RAWIO)) {\n        memset(ll_header + len, 0, dev-\u003ehard_header_len - len);\n        return true;\n    }\n\nPacket send paths call dev_validate_header() on skbs whose headroom was\nallocated from an earlier hard_header_len read. If the device is\nreconfigured so that dev-\u003ehard_header_len increases before validation,\nthe memset writes past the reserved buffer, an out-of-bounds write.\n\nThis out-of-bounds write is masked in some SOCK_RAW paths today because\nthe same concurrent increase can first make skb_push() exceed the\nreserved headroom and trigger skb_under_panic(). Remove the zero-padding\nbranch before making those hard_header_len reads consistent, so the\nsnapshot fixes do not turn a loud panic into a silent overwrite.\n\nThis path is only reached for variable length L2 protocols, where\nlen \u003c hard_header_len but len \u003e= min_header_len. No remaining in-tree\nvariable length L2 protocol implements header_ops-\u003evalidate, and the\nCAP_SYS_RAWIO bypass that zero-pads and accepts short headers has no\nreal value beyond allowing testing of intentionally malformed input.\n\nDrop the CAP_SYS_RAWIO branch. The remaining reads of\ndev-\u003ehard_header_len in dev_validate_header() are comparisons only and\nhave no memory safety impact."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "baseScore": 7.8,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "scenarios": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "AV:L - Exploitation requires a local sendmsg() on a PF_PACKET SOCK_RAW socket; dev_validate_header() is only reached from af_packet transmit paths (packet_snd, packet_sendmsg_spkt, tpacket_fill_skb), not from remote packet receive.\nAC:L - The attacker can reliably win the TOCTOU race by concurrently sending PF_PACKET frames while changing netdev hard_header_len (e.g., PPP channel attach or bonding slave updates via rtnetlink), controlling both allocation and validation sides.\nPR:L - PF_PACKET creation requires CAP_NET_RAW and the memset bypass requires CAP_SYS_RAWIO; both are granted to user-namespace root (CAP_FULL_SET via unshare -Urn), so a basic unprivileged local user can obtain the needed privileges without init-namespace root.\nUI:N - No victim interaction is required; exploitation is fully attacker-driven through socket creation, concurrent device reconfiguration, and crafted sendmsg() calls.\nS:U - Impact is kernel heap memory corruption and local privilege escalation within the same kernel security domain, not a VM escape, IOMMU bypass, or other cross-authority boundary violation.\nC:H - The bug is an out-of-bounds write via memset() past skb link-layer headroom when hard_header_len grows between allocation and validation; such heap corruption can be groomed into arbitrary kernel memory read primitives.\nI:H - Writing past the reserved skb headroom corrupts adjacent kernel heap objects and is a standard exploitable primitive for arbitrary kernel writes, control-flow hijacking, and privilege escalation.\nA:H - The out-of-bounds memset can corrupt critical kernel structures and trigger oops/panic; the commit notes this can silently overwrite memory where other SOCK_RAW paths would have panicked via skb_under_panic."
            }
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        "dateUpdated": "2026-09-04T04:58:17.510Z",
        "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "shortName": "Linux"
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      "references": [
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/53fd7f912c0877647d6a1e1877f5ea8535ee0b4a"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/fa6d98dd925e72fc028b26a0cbbff9d2f0601ff6"
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        {
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        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/3b9a324e646d3657a8d9806dfbfe4f3e4066e882"
        }
      ],
      "title": "net: remove CAP_SYS_RAWIO zero-padding in dev_validate_header",
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  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
    "assignerShortName": "Linux",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-80731",
    "datePublished": "2026-09-03T08:21:48.924Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-08-26T14:34:25.789Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-09-04T04:58:17.510Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2",
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      "date": "2026-09-21",
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      "initial_release_date": "2026-09-04T01:05:29.000Z",
      "product_status:fixed": "1",
      "product_status:known_affected": "1",
      "source": "Microsoft CSAF VEX",
      "status": "final",
      "title": "net: remove CAP_SYS_RAWIO zero-padding in dev_validate_header",
      "url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/csaf/vex/2026/msrc_cve-2026-80731.json",
      "version": "2"
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                    "lessThan": "4.2",
                    "status": "affected",
                    "version": "4.1.28",
                    "versionType": "semver"
                  },
                  {
                    "lessThan": "4.5",
                    "status": "affected",
                    "version": "4.4.8",
                    "versionType": "semver"
                  },
                  {
                    "lessThan": "4.6",
                    "status": "affected",
                    "version": "4.5.2",
                    "versionType": "semver"
                  }
                ]
              },
              {
                "defaultStatus": "affected",
                "product": "Linux",
                "programFiles": [
                  "include/linux/netdevice.h"
                ],
                "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
                "vendor": "Linux",
                "versions": [
                  {
                    "status": "affected",
                    "version": "4.6"
                  },
                  {
                    "lessThan": "4.6",
                    "status": "unaffected",
                    "version": "0",
                    "versionType": "semver"
                  },
                  {
                    "lessThanOrEqual": "3.2.*",
                    "status": "unaffected",
                    "version": "3.2.81",
                    "versionType": "semver"
                  },
                  {
                    "lessThanOrEqual": "5.10.*",
                    "status": "unaffected",
                    "version": "5.10.265",
                    "versionType": "semver"
                  },
                  {
                    "lessThanOrEqual": "5.15.*",
                    "status": "unaffected",
                    "version": "5.15.216",
                    "versionType": "semver"
                  },
                  {
                    "lessThanOrEqual": "6.1.*",
                    "status": "unaffected",
                    "version": "6.1.183",
                    "versionType": "semver"
                  },
                  {
                    "lessThanOrEqual": "6.6.*",
                    "status": "unaffected",
                    "version": "6.6.152",
                    "versionType": "semver"
                  },
                  {
                    "lessThanOrEqual": "6.12.*",
                    "status": "unaffected",
                    "version": "6.12.104",
                    "versionType": "semver"
                  },
                  {
                    "lessThanOrEqual": "6.18.*",
                    "status": "unaffected",
                    "version": "6.18.45",
                    "versionType": "semver"
                  },
                  {
                    "lessThanOrEqual": "7.1.*",
                    "status": "unaffected",
                    "version": "7.1.9",
                    "versionType": "semver"
                  },
                  {
                    "lessThanOrEqual": "*",
                    "status": "unaffected",
                    "version": "7.2",
                    "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ],
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67"
          }
        ],
        "cveTags": [],
        "descriptions": [
          {
            "lang": "en",
            "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nnet: remove CAP_SYS_RAWIO zero-padding in dev_validate_header\n\ndev_validate_header() reads dev-\u003ehard_header_len directly when\nzero-padding short link layer headers for CAP_SYS_RAWIO holders:\n\n    if (capable(CAP_SYS_RAWIO)) {\n        memset(ll_header + len, 0, dev-\u003ehard_header_len - len);\n        return true;\n    }\n\nPacket send paths call dev_validate_header() on skbs whose headroom was\nallocated from an earlier hard_header_len read. If the device is\nreconfigured so that dev-\u003ehard_header_len increases before validation,\nthe memset writes past the reserved buffer, an out-of-bounds write.\n\nThis out-of-bounds write is masked in some SOCK_RAW paths today because\nthe same concurrent increase can first make skb_push() exceed the\nreserved headroom and trigger skb_under_panic(). Remove the zero-padding\nbranch before making those hard_header_len reads consistent, so the\nsnapshot fixes do not turn a loud panic into a silent overwrite.\n\nThis path is only reached for variable length L2 protocols, where\nlen \u003c hard_header_len but len \u003e= min_header_len. No remaining in-tree\nvariable length L2 protocol implements header_ops-\u003evalidate, and the\nCAP_SYS_RAWIO bypass that zero-pads and accepts short headers has no\nreal value beyond allowing testing of intentionally malformed input.\n\nDrop the CAP_SYS_RAWIO branch. The remaining reads of\ndev-\u003ehard_header_len in dev_validate_header() are comparisons only and\nhave no memory safety impact."
          }
        ],
        "id": "CVE-2026-80731",
        "lastModified": "2026-09-04T05:17:13.583",
        "metrics": {
          "cvssMetricV31": [
            {
              "cvssData": {
                "attackComplexity": "LOW",
                "attackVector": "LOCAL",
                "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
                "baseScore": 7.8,
                "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
                "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
                "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
                "privilegesRequired": "LOW",
                "scope": "UNCHANGED",
                "userInteraction": "NONE",
                "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
                "version": "3.1"
              },
              "exploitabilityScore": 1.8,
              "impactScore": 5.9,
              "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
              "type": "Secondary"
            }
          ]
        },
        "published": "2026-09-03T13:06:11.707",
        "references": [
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/3b9a324e646d3657a8d9806dfbfe4f3e4066e882"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/53fd7f912c0877647d6a1e1877f5ea8535ee0b4a"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/74e035f07f53feca09e2352e77fccb09cad5e208"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/8fc9816404166a90ed8d544dc52482fafffb6d9f"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/99df6b7a713f96eda206680d100b76e15f9d9b69"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b0f92a5731dc82556a9ae005cc35f71ab136307b"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/dbb30dc943a93e083f1e531bfdc6779e57de40d0"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/fa6d98dd925e72fc028b26a0cbbff9d2f0601ff6"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/fc902f52a02298c7432b2334c0c82a2885a1a8b6"
          }
        ],
        "sourceIdentifier": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "vulnStatus": "Received"
      }
    }
  }
}



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Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.

Sightings

Author Source Type Date Other

Nomenclature

  • Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
  • Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
  • Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
  • Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
  • Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.


Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.


Related by attack behaviour

Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.