CVE-2026-74601 (GCVE-0-2026-74601)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-22 15:31 – Updated: 2026-08-25 05:40
VLAI
Title
ring-buffer: Use current_context for safe per-CPU buffer swap
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ring-buffer: Use current_context for safe per-CPU buffer swap The ring_buffer_swap_cpu() function currently checks the per-CPU committing counter to determine if a buffer is actively being written to before performing the swap. However, there exists a race window where this check can be bypassed: ring_buffer_lock_reserve cpu_buffer = buffer->buffers[cpu]; // cpu_buffer_a rb_reserve_next_event rb_start_commit // inc committing if (unlikely(READ_ONCE(cpu_buffer->buffer) != buffer)) {...} __rb_reserve_next rb_move_tail rb_end_commit(cpu_buffer); // dec committing => 0 /* interrupt hits here, successfully swaps! */ local_inc(&cpu_buffer->committing); ring_buffer_unlock_commit cpu_buffer = buffer->buffers[cpu]; // cpu_buffer_b rb_commit rb_end_commit RB_WARN_ON(cpu_buffer, !local_read(&cpu_buffer->committing)) // triggers warning The committing counter can temporarily drop to 0 during a single write operation (within rb_move_tail), creating a window where swap can succeed even though the write is still in progress. This leads to inconsistent buffer state and triggers the RB_WARN_ON in rb_commit(). Replace the committing counter check with current_context checks, which are set at the entry of ring_buffer_lock_reserve() and remain valid throughout the entire write operation, providing a reliable indicator of buffer busy state during swap.
Severity
7.8 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version CPE status
Linux Linux Affected: 4239c38fe0b3847e1e6d962c74b41b08ba0e2990 , < 26662bc8fced1d668fa1aa146eda085bfc67bd0b (git)
Affected: 4239c38fe0b3847e1e6d962c74b41b08ba0e2990 , < 6b524e6b234e45c7f5f90d13b042c6f57f80105c (git)
Affected: 4239c38fe0b3847e1e6d962c74b41b08ba0e2990 , < 597f279b7b4a06412e3d965e98cc36e181cdbede (git)
Affected: 4239c38fe0b3847e1e6d962c74b41b08ba0e2990 , < 22709117d9ae95e52673685f98caac7c356a8227 (git)
Affected: 4239c38fe0b3847e1e6d962c74b41b08ba0e2990 , < ad7e10c7ea89af45ac1bf1814855d45da472703d (git)
Affected: 4239c38fe0b3847e1e6d962c74b41b08ba0e2990 , < 5b926fb04cb9ef3156dcf88c69a59d3d1a1c4f9f (git)
Affected: 4239c38fe0b3847e1e6d962c74b41b08ba0e2990 , < 5e6e2a18c20e88167d414f666032792e8bf19b80 (git)
Affected: 4239c38fe0b3847e1e6d962c74b41b08ba0e2990 , < f27bdc43077e4fcb5557dfc315ee8d91e741f483 (git)
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Linux Linux Affected: 4.5
Unaffected: 0 , < 4.5 (semver)
Unaffected: 5.10.266 , ≤ 5.10.* (semver)
Unaffected: 5.15.217 , ≤ 5.15.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.1.184 , ≤ 6.1.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.6.153 , ≤ 6.6.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.12.105 , ≤ 6.12.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.18.45 , ≤ 6.18.* (semver)
Unaffected: 7.1.9 , ≤ 7.1.* (semver)
Unaffected: 7.2 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix)
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{
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      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nring-buffer: Use current_context for safe per-CPU buffer swap\n\nThe ring_buffer_swap_cpu() function currently checks the per-CPU\ncommitting counter to determine if a buffer is actively being written to\nbefore performing the swap. However, there exists a race window where\nthis check can be bypassed:\n\n    ring_buffer_lock_reserve\n        cpu_buffer = buffer-\u003ebuffers[cpu];       // cpu_buffer_a\n        rb_reserve_next_event\n            rb_start_commit // inc committing\n            if (unlikely(READ_ONCE(cpu_buffer-\u003ebuffer) != buffer)) {...}\n            __rb_reserve_next\n                rb_move_tail\n                    rb_end_commit(cpu_buffer);   // dec committing =\u003e 0\n                    /* interrupt hits here, successfully swaps! */\n                    local_inc(\u0026cpu_buffer-\u003ecommitting);\n\n    ring_buffer_unlock_commit\n        cpu_buffer = buffer-\u003ebuffers[cpu];      // cpu_buffer_b\n        rb_commit\n            rb_end_commit\n            RB_WARN_ON(cpu_buffer, !local_read(\u0026cpu_buffer-\u003ecommitting))\n                                                // triggers warning\n\nThe committing counter can temporarily drop to 0 during a single write\noperation (within rb_move_tail), creating a window where swap can\nsucceed even though the write is still in progress. This leads to\ninconsistent buffer state and triggers the RB_WARN_ON in rb_commit().\n\nReplace the committing counter check with current_context checks, which\nare set at the entry of ring_buffer_lock_reserve() and remain valid\nthroughout the entire write operation, providing a reliable indicator of\nbuffer busy state during swap."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "baseScore": 7.8,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
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              "value": "AV:L - Exploitation requires local tracefs writes to snapshot or latency tracers; ring_buffer_swap_cpu() is only reached from update_max_tr_single() via tracing_snapshot_write or irqsoff/preemptoff tracers, with no network, adjacent, or physical entry path.\nAC:L - The attacker controls both sides of the race by enabling irqsoff/preemptoff tracing or hammering per_cpu/*/snapshot while generating trace events that cross page boundaries, reliably hitting the rb_move_tail window where committing briefly drops to zero.\nPR:L - tracing_check_open_get_tr() enforces only LOCKDOWN_TRACEFS and DAC with no capable() check; tracefs gid= mounts, Android/Perfetto/ChromeOS tracing groups, and container user+mount namespaces routinely grant unprivileged local write access to snapshot and current_tracer.\nUI:N - The attacker enables tracers and triggers buffer swaps through their own tracefs writes and syscalls; no victim cooperation, unrelated user action, or third-party interaction is required.\nS:U - Impact is corrupted kernel ring-buffer metadata and WARN_ON within the same kernel security domain; this is not a VM escape, IOMMU bypass, or cross-authority sandbox breakout.\nC:H - Swapping per-CPU buffers mid-write leaves ring_buffer_per_cpu page, tail, and commit state inconsistent across buffers; subsequent trace reads or commits can access wrong backing pages, constituting kernel-memory corruption with arbitrary-read potential.\nI:H - Mid-reservation buffer swap causes unlock_commit on the wrong cpu_buffer with mismatched tail/commit page pointers, corrupting ring-buffer page lists and write metadata in ways exploitable for heap corruption and control-flow manipulation.\nA:H - rb_end_commit() hits RB_WARN_ON triggering WARN_ON and disabling recording; corrupted ring-buffer page state from this swap race has caused kernel oops/panic in related ring_buffer_swap_cpu bugs, and panic_on_warn makes the WARN fatal."
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        "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "shortName": "Linux"
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        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/f27bdc43077e4fcb5557dfc315ee8d91e741f483"
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      ],
      "title": "ring-buffer: Use current_context for safe per-CPU buffer swap",
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    "assignerShortName": "Linux",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-74601",
    "datePublished": "2026-08-22T15:31:50.092Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-08-15T05:44:03.919Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-08-25T05:40:26.170Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
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    "epss": {
      "cve": "CVE-2026-74601",
      "date": "2026-08-29",
      "epss": "0.00136",
      "percentile": "0.03304"
    },
    "microsoft_vex": {
      "current_release_date": "2026-08-24T14:48:23.000Z",
      "cve": "CVE-2026-74601",
      "id": "msrc_CVE-2026-74601",
      "initial_release_date": "2026-08-24T01:05:05.000Z",
      "product_status:known_affected": "1",
      "source": "Microsoft CSAF VEX",
      "status": "final",
      "title": "ring-buffer: Use current_context for safe per-CPU buffer swap",
      "url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/csaf/vex/2026/msrc_cve-2026-74601.json",
      "version": "2"
    },
    "nvd": "{\"cve\":{\"id\":\"CVE-2026-74601\",\"sourceIdentifier\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"published\":\"2026-08-22T16:16:32.530\",\"lastModified\":\"2026-08-25T06:18:36.057\",\"vulnStatus\":\"Received\",\"cveTags\":[],\"descriptions\":[{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\\n\\nring-buffer: Use current_context for safe per-CPU buffer swap\\n\\nThe ring_buffer_swap_cpu() function currently checks the per-CPU\\ncommitting counter to determine if a buffer is actively being written to\\nbefore performing the swap. However, there exists a race window where\\nthis check can be bypassed:\\n\\n    ring_buffer_lock_reserve\\n        cpu_buffer = buffer-\u003ebuffers[cpu];       // cpu_buffer_a\\n        rb_reserve_next_event\\n            rb_start_commit // inc committing\\n            if (unlikely(READ_ONCE(cpu_buffer-\u003ebuffer) != buffer)) {...}\\n            __rb_reserve_next\\n                rb_move_tail\\n                    rb_end_commit(cpu_buffer);   // dec committing =\u003e 0\\n                    /* interrupt hits here, successfully swaps! */\\n                    local_inc(\u0026cpu_buffer-\u003ecommitting);\\n\\n    ring_buffer_unlock_commit\\n        cpu_buffer = buffer-\u003ebuffers[cpu];      // cpu_buffer_b\\n        rb_commit\\n            rb_end_commit\\n            RB_WARN_ON(cpu_buffer, !local_read(\u0026cpu_buffer-\u003ecommitting))\\n                                                // triggers warning\\n\\nThe committing counter can temporarily drop to 0 during a single write\\noperation (within rb_move_tail), creating a window where swap can\\nsucceed even though the write is still in progress. This leads to\\ninconsistent buffer state and triggers the RB_WARN_ON in rb_commit().\\n\\nReplace the committing counter check with current_context checks, which\\nare set at the entry of ring_buffer_lock_reserve() and remain valid\\nthroughout the entire write operation, providing a reliable indicator of\\nbuffer busy state during swap.\"}],\"affected\":[{\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"affectedData\":[{\"vendor\":\"Linux\",\"product\":\"Linux\",\"defaultStatus\":\"unaffected\",\"programFiles\":[\"kernel/trace/ring_buffer.c\"],\"repo\":\"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git\",\"versions\":[{\"version\":\"4239c38fe0b3847e1e6d962c74b41b08ba0e2990\",\"lessThan\":\"26662bc8fced1d668fa1aa146eda085bfc67bd0b\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"4239c38fe0b3847e1e6d962c74b41b08ba0e2990\",\"lessThan\":\"6b524e6b234e45c7f5f90d13b042c6f57f80105c\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"4239c38fe0b3847e1e6d962c74b41b08ba0e2990\",\"lessThan\":\"597f279b7b4a06412e3d965e98cc36e181cdbede\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"4239c38fe0b3847e1e6d962c74b41b08ba0e2990\",\"lessThan\":\"22709117d9ae95e52673685f98caac7c356a8227\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"4239c38fe0b3847e1e6d962c74b41b08ba0e2990\",\"lessThan\":\"ad7e10c7ea89af45ac1bf1814855d45da472703d\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"4239c38fe0b3847e1e6d962c74b41b08ba0e2990\",\"lessThan\":\"5b926fb04cb9ef3156dcf88c69a59d3d1a1c4f9f\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"4239c38fe0b3847e1e6d962c74b41b08ba0e2990\",\"lessThan\":\"5e6e2a18c20e88167d414f666032792e8bf19b80\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"4239c38fe0b3847e1e6d962c74b41b08ba0e2990\",\"lessThan\":\"f27bdc43077e4fcb5557dfc315ee8d91e741f483\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"}]},{\"vendor\":\"Linux\",\"product\":\"Linux\",\"defaultStatus\":\"affected\",\"programFiles\":[\"kernel/trace/ring_buffer.c\"],\"repo\":\"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git\",\"versions\":[{\"version\":\"4.5\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"0\",\"lessThan\":\"4.5\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"5.10.266\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"5.10.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"5.15.217\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"5.15.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.1.184\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"6.1.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.6.153\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"6.6.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.12.105\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"6.12.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.18.45\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"6.18.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"7.1.9\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"7.1.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"7.2\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"*\",\"versionType\":\"original_commit_for_fix\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"}]}]}],\"metrics\":{\"cvssMetricV31\":[{\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"type\":\"Secondary\",\"cvssData\":{\"version\":\"3.1\",\"vectorString\":\"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H\",\"baseScore\":7.8,\"baseSeverity\":\"HIGH\",\"attackVector\":\"LOCAL\",\"attackComplexity\":\"LOW\",\"privilegesRequired\":\"LOW\",\"userInteraction\":\"NONE\",\"scope\":\"UNCHANGED\",\"confidentialityImpact\":\"HIGH\",\"integrityImpact\":\"HIGH\",\"availabilityImpact\":\"HIGH\"},\"exploitabilityScore\":1.8,\"impactScore\":5.9}]},\"references\":[{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/22709117d9ae95e52673685f98caac7c356a8227\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/26662bc8fced1d668fa1aa146eda085bfc67bd0b\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/597f279b7b4a06412e3d965e98cc36e181cdbede\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/5b926fb04cb9ef3156dcf88c69a59d3d1a1c4f9f\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/5e6e2a18c20e88167d414f666032792e8bf19b80\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/6b524e6b234e45c7f5f90d13b042c6f57f80105c\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ad7e10c7ea89af45ac1bf1814855d45da472703d\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/f27bdc43077e4fcb5557dfc315ee8d91e741f483\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"}]}}",
    "redhat_vex": {
      "aggregate_severity": "Low",
      "current_release_date": "2026-08-25T10:01:10+00:00",
      "cve": "CVE-2026-74601",
      "id": "CVE-2026-74601",
      "initial_release_date": "2026-08-22T00:00:00+00:00",
      "product_status:known_affected": "232",
      "product_status:known_not_affected": "42",
      "source": "Red Hat CSAF VEX",
      "status": "final",
      "title": "kernel: ring-buffer: Use current_context for safe per-CPU buffer swap",
      "url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2026/cve-2026-74601.json",
      "version": "3"
    }
  }
}



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Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.

Sightings

Author Source Type Date Other

Nomenclature

  • Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
  • Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
  • Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
  • Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
  • Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.


Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.