CVE-2026-64543 (GCVE-0-2026-64543)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-27 20:10 – Updated: 2026-10-19 20:48
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
tipc: fix use-after-free of the discoverer in tipc_disc_rcv()
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
tipc: fix use-after-free of the discoverer in tipc_disc_rcv()
bearer_disable() frees b->disc with tipc_disc_delete()'s plain kfree(),
but tipc_disc_rcv() still dereferences b->disc in RX softirq under
rcu_read_lock() (tipc_udp_recv -> tipc_rcv -> tipc_disc_rcv).
L2 bearers are safe thanks to the synchronize_net() in
tipc_disable_l2_media(), but the UDP bearer defers that call to the
cleanup_bearer() workqueue, so the discoverer is freed with no grace
period:
BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in tipc_disc_rcv (net/tipc/discover.c:149)
Read of size 8 at addr ffff88802348b728 by task poc_tipc/184
<IRQ>
tipc_disc_rcv (net/tipc/discover.c:149)
tipc_rcv (net/tipc/node.c:2126)
tipc_udp_recv (net/tipc/udp_media.c:391)
udp_rcv (net/ipv4/udp.c:2643)
ip_local_deliver_finish (net/ipv4/ip_input.c:241)
</IRQ>
Freed by task 181:
kfree (mm/slub.c:6565)
bearer_disable (net/tipc/bearer.c:418)
tipc_nl_bearer_disable (net/tipc/bearer.c:1001)
The bearer is freed with kfree_rcu(); free the discoverer the same way.
Add an rcu_head to struct tipc_discoverer and free it and its skb from an
RCU callback.
Because the RCU callback (tipc_disc_free_rcu) lives in module text, a
call_rcu() that is still pending when the tipc module is unloaded would
invoke a freed function. Add an rcu_barrier() to tipc_exit() after the
bearer subsystem has been torn down, so all pending discoverer callbacks
have run before the module text goes away.
Reachable from an unprivileged user namespace: the TIPCv2 genl family is
netnsok and its bearer commands have no GENL_ADMIN_PERM. Needs CONFIG_TIPC
and CONFIG_TIPC_MEDIA_UDP.
Severity
7.8 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-16 15:42 UTC
CWE
- CWE-416 - Use After Free
Assigner
References
8 references
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | CPE status | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Linux | Linux |
Affected:
25b0b9c4e835ffaa65b61c3efe2e28acf84d0259 , < 380413cdfd29fb9fa486c82889132b680c4983c5
(git)
Affected: 25b0b9c4e835ffaa65b61c3efe2e28acf84d0259 , < f05b3f4c78370469286879c765f5a1dd39dbcd32 (git) Affected: 25b0b9c4e835ffaa65b61c3efe2e28acf84d0259 , < 4da2ac7749411971e1b222b992da5a172ce45f98 (git) Affected: 25b0b9c4e835ffaa65b61c3efe2e28acf84d0259 , < 5e215bf1c47fdddf8203a0fe80a0ed594065f101 (git) Affected: 25b0b9c4e835ffaa65b61c3efe2e28acf84d0259 , < ec7d54d8cc1723921d671e3272b427c96366506f (git) Affected: 25b0b9c4e835ffaa65b61c3efe2e28acf84d0259 , < a0c5fdeb5fa257f8c6d469af266bc087cb5de6a2 (git) Affected: 25b0b9c4e835ffaa65b61c3efe2e28acf84d0259 , < b65289e1c3f352a9f92c6e19713ddd647e033253 (git) Affected: 25b0b9c4e835ffaa65b61c3efe2e28acf84d0259 , < 1579342d71133da7f00daa02c75cebec7372097b (git) |
guessed | |
| Linux | Linux |
Affected:
4.17
Unaffected: 0 , < 4.17 (semver) Unaffected: 5.10.265 , ≤ 5.10.* (semver) Unaffected: 5.15.216 , ≤ 5.15.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.1.183 , ≤ 6.1.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.6.145 , ≤ 6.6.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.12.97 , ≤ 6.12.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.18.40 , ≤ 6.18.* (semver) Unaffected: 7.1.5 , ≤ 7.1.* (semver) Unaffected: 7.2 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix) |
guessed |
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"value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\ntipc: fix use-after-free of the discoverer in tipc_disc_rcv()\n\nbearer_disable() frees b-\u003edisc with tipc_disc_delete()\u0027s plain kfree(),\nbut tipc_disc_rcv() still dereferences b-\u003edisc in RX softirq under\nrcu_read_lock() (tipc_udp_recv -\u003e tipc_rcv -\u003e tipc_disc_rcv).\n\nL2 bearers are safe thanks to the synchronize_net() in\ntipc_disable_l2_media(), but the UDP bearer defers that call to the\ncleanup_bearer() workqueue, so the discoverer is freed with no grace\nperiod:\n\n BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in tipc_disc_rcv (net/tipc/discover.c:149)\n Read of size 8 at addr ffff88802348b728 by task poc_tipc/184\n \u003cIRQ\u003e\n tipc_disc_rcv (net/tipc/discover.c:149)\n tipc_rcv (net/tipc/node.c:2126)\n tipc_udp_recv (net/tipc/udp_media.c:391)\n udp_rcv (net/ipv4/udp.c:2643)\n ip_local_deliver_finish (net/ipv4/ip_input.c:241)\n \u003c/IRQ\u003e\n Freed by task 181:\n kfree (mm/slub.c:6565)\n bearer_disable (net/tipc/bearer.c:418)\n tipc_nl_bearer_disable (net/tipc/bearer.c:1001)\n\nThe bearer is freed with kfree_rcu(); free the discoverer the same way.\nAdd an rcu_head to struct tipc_discoverer and free it and its skb from an\nRCU callback.\n\nBecause the RCU callback (tipc_disc_free_rcu) lives in module text, a\ncall_rcu() that is still pending when the tipc module is unloaded would\ninvoke a freed function. Add an rcu_barrier() to tipc_exit() after the\nbearer subsystem has been torn down, so all pending discoverer callbacks\nhave run before the module text goes away.\n\nReachable from an unprivileged user namespace: the TIPCv2 genl family is\nnetnsok and its bearer commands have no GENL_ADMIN_PERM. Needs CONFIG_TIPC\nand CONFIG_TIPC_MEDIA_UDP."
}
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"value": "AV:L - The free side is only reachable through the local TIPCv2 generic-netlink `BEARER_DISABLE` command (or netns teardown); a remote peer can supply the discovery packet that performs the use-after-free access but cannot itself cause `bearer_disable()` to run, so the complete attack requires local access.\nAC:L - The attacker controls both sides of the race \u2014 one thread floods TIPC discovery packets at the bearer\u0027s UDP port while another disables the bearer \u2014 and `bearer_disable()` clears `b-\u003eup` and then `kfree()`s the discoverer with no synchronization whatsoever, leaving a wide window that a multi-CPU packet flood hits reliably (a working PoC exists).\nPR:L - `tipc_genl_family` is `.netnsok = true` and the bearer enable/disable ops carry no `GENL_ADMIN_PERM` or other capability check, so an unprivileged user can do everything inside `unshare -Urn` after autoloading tipc via `socket(AF_TIPC, ...)`.\nUI:N - The attacking process performs both the bearer disable and the packet injection itself; no victim action or cooperating user is involved.\nS:U - The corruption stays within the kernel\u0027s own security authority \u2014 no VM, IOMMU, or hypervisor boundary is crossed.\nC:H - `d-\u003enet` is read from the freed slab object and dereferenced as a `struct net *`; after reclaiming the kmalloc-192 allocation with sprayed data the attacker gains a controlled-pointer dereference chain usable for arbitrary kernel memory disclosure.\nI:H - `msg_set_prevnode(buf_msg(d-\u003eskb), sugg_addr)` writes a wire-controlled 32-bit value through the dangling `d-\u003eskb` pointer, and `tipc_disc_add_dest()` takes a spinlock and increments a counter in freed memory \u2014 together a controlled-address/controlled-value write suitable for control-flow hijacking.\nA:H - The use-after-free reliably produces a KASAN slab-use-after-free in softirq context and, on production kernels, a corrupted-pointer dereference or spinlock manipulation on reclaimed memory leading to kernel panic."
}
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"lang": "en",
"value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\ntipc: fix use-after-free of the discoverer in tipc_disc_rcv()\n\nbearer_disable() frees b-\u003edisc with tipc_disc_delete()\u0027s plain kfree(),\nbut tipc_disc_rcv() still dereferences b-\u003edisc in RX softirq under\nrcu_read_lock() (tipc_udp_recv -\u003e tipc_rcv -\u003e tipc_disc_rcv).\n\nL2 bearers are safe thanks to the synchronize_net() in\ntipc_disable_l2_media(), but the UDP bearer defers that call to the\ncleanup_bearer() workqueue, so the discoverer is freed with no grace\nperiod:\n\n BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in tipc_disc_rcv (net/tipc/discover.c:149)\n Read of size 8 at addr ffff88802348b728 by task poc_tipc/184\n \u003cIRQ\u003e\n tipc_disc_rcv (net/tipc/discover.c:149)\n tipc_rcv (net/tipc/node.c:2126)\n tipc_udp_recv (net/tipc/udp_media.c:391)\n udp_rcv (net/ipv4/udp.c:2643)\n ip_local_deliver_finish (net/ipv4/ip_input.c:241)\n \u003c/IRQ\u003e\n Freed by task 181:\n kfree (mm/slub.c:6565)\n bearer_disable (net/tipc/bearer.c:418)\n tipc_nl_bearer_disable (net/tipc/bearer.c:1001)\n\nThe bearer is freed with kfree_rcu(); free the discoverer the same way.\nAdd an rcu_head to struct tipc_discoverer and free it and its skb from an\nRCU callback.\n\nBecause the RCU callback (tipc_disc_free_rcu) lives in module text, a\ncall_rcu() that is still pending when the tipc module is unloaded would\ninvoke a freed function. Add an rcu_barrier() to tipc_exit() after the\nbearer subsystem has been torn down, so all pending discoverer callbacks\nhave run before the module text goes away.\n\nReachable from an unprivileged user namespace: the TIPCv2 genl family is\nnetnsok and its bearer commands have no GENL_ADMIN_PERM. Needs CONFIG_TIPC\nand CONFIG_TIPC_MEDIA_UDP."
}
],
"id": "CVE-2026-64543",
"lastModified": "2026-11-03T18:15:39.353",
"metrics": {
"cvssMetricV31": [
{
"cvssData": {
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackVector": "LOCAL",
"availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
"baseScore": 7.8,
"baseSeverity": "HIGH",
"confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
"integrityImpact": "HIGH",
"privilegesRequired": "LOW",
"scope": "UNCHANGED",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"version": "3.1"
},
"exploitabilityScore": 1.8,
"impactScore": 5.9,
"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
"type": "Secondary"
}
],
"ssvcV203": [
{
"source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
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"options": [
{
"exploitation": "none"
},
{
"automatable": "no"
},
{
"technicalImpact": "total"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2026-10-16T15:42:12.338756Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
}
}
]
},
"published": "2026-07-27T21:17:06.850",
"references": [
{
"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/1579342d71133da7f00daa02c75cebec7372097b"
},
{
"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/380413cdfd29fb9fa486c82889132b680c4983c5"
},
{
"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/4da2ac7749411971e1b222b992da5a172ce45f98"
},
{
"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/5e215bf1c47fdddf8203a0fe80a0ed594065f101"
},
{
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"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a0c5fdeb5fa257f8c6d469af266bc087cb5de6a2"
},
{
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},
{
"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ec7d54d8cc1723921d671e3272b427c96366506f"
},
{
"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/f05b3f4c78370469286879c765f5a1dd39dbcd32"
}
],
"sourceIdentifier": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
"vulnStatus": "Awaiting Analysis",
"weaknesses": [
{
"description": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "CWE-416"
}
],
"source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"type": "Secondary"
}
]
}
},
"redhat_vex": {
"aggregate_severity": "Moderate",
"current_release_date": "2026-11-05T22:06:49+00:00",
"cve": "CVE-2026-64543",
"id": "CVE-2026-64543",
"initial_release_date": "2026-07-27T00:00:00+00:00",
"product_status:known_affected": "158",
"product_status:known_not_affected": "42",
"source": "Red Hat CSAF VEX",
"status": "final",
"title": "kernel: tipc: fix use-after-free of the discoverer in tipc_disc_rcv()",
"url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2026/cve-2026-64543.json",
"version": "3"
},
"vulnrichment": {
"containers": {
"adp": [
{
"metrics": [
{
"other": {
"content": {
"id": "CVE-2026-64543",
"options": [
{
"Exploitation": "none"
},
{
"Automatable": "no"
},
{
"Technical Impact": "total"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2026-10-16T15:42:12.338756Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
},
"type": "ssvc"
}
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-416",
"description": "CWE-416 Use After Free",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-10-16T15:42:12.995Z",
"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"shortName": "CISA-ADP"
},
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
"product": "Linux",
"programFiles": [
"net/tipc/core.c",
"net/tipc/discover.c"
],
"repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
"vendor": "Linux",
"versions": [
{
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"status": "affected",
"version": "25b0b9c4e835ffaa65b61c3efe2e28acf84d0259",
"versionType": "git"
},
{
"lessThan": "f05b3f4c78370469286879c765f5a1dd39dbcd32",
"status": "affected",
"version": "25b0b9c4e835ffaa65b61c3efe2e28acf84d0259",
"versionType": "git"
},
{
"lessThan": "4da2ac7749411971e1b222b992da5a172ce45f98",
"status": "affected",
"version": "25b0b9c4e835ffaa65b61c3efe2e28acf84d0259",
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},
{
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"status": "affected",
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"versionType": "git"
},
{
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"versionType": "git"
},
{
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"status": "affected",
"version": "25b0b9c4e835ffaa65b61c3efe2e28acf84d0259",
"versionType": "git"
},
{
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"status": "affected",
"version": "25b0b9c4e835ffaa65b61c3efe2e28acf84d0259",
"versionType": "git"
},
{
"lessThan": "1579342d71133da7f00daa02c75cebec7372097b",
"status": "affected",
"version": "25b0b9c4e835ffaa65b61c3efe2e28acf84d0259",
"versionType": "git"
}
]
},
{
"defaultStatus": "affected",
"product": "Linux",
"programFiles": [
"net/tipc/core.c",
"net/tipc/discover.c"
],
"repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
"vendor": "Linux",
"versions": [
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "4.17"
},
{
"lessThan": "4.17",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "0",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "5.10.*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "5.10.265",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "5.15.*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "5.15.216",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
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"status": "unaffected",
"version": "6.1.183",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "6.6.*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "6.6.145",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
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"status": "unaffected",
"version": "6.12.97",
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},
{
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"status": "unaffected",
"version": "6.18.40",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "7.1.*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "7.1.5",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "7.2",
"versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
}
]
}
],
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"nodes": [
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"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
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"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"versionEndExcluding": "5.15.216",
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},
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"versionEndExcluding": "6.12.97",
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},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"versionEndExcluding": "6.18.40",
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},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"versionEndExcluding": "7.1.5",
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}
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"negate": false,
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],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\ntipc: fix use-after-free of the discoverer in tipc_disc_rcv()\n\nbearer_disable() frees b-\u003edisc with tipc_disc_delete()\u0027s plain kfree(),\nbut tipc_disc_rcv() still dereferences b-\u003edisc in RX softirq under\nrcu_read_lock() (tipc_udp_recv -\u003e tipc_rcv -\u003e tipc_disc_rcv).\n\nL2 bearers are safe thanks to the synchronize_net() in\ntipc_disable_l2_media(), but the UDP bearer defers that call to the\ncleanup_bearer() workqueue, so the discoverer is freed with no grace\nperiod:\n\n BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in tipc_disc_rcv (net/tipc/discover.c:149)\n Read of size 8 at addr ffff88802348b728 by task poc_tipc/184\n \u003cIRQ\u003e\n tipc_disc_rcv (net/tipc/discover.c:149)\n tipc_rcv (net/tipc/node.c:2126)\n tipc_udp_recv (net/tipc/udp_media.c:391)\n udp_rcv (net/ipv4/udp.c:2643)\n ip_local_deliver_finish (net/ipv4/ip_input.c:241)\n \u003c/IRQ\u003e\n Freed by task 181:\n kfree (mm/slub.c:6565)\n bearer_disable (net/tipc/bearer.c:418)\n tipc_nl_bearer_disable (net/tipc/bearer.c:1001)\n\nThe bearer is freed with kfree_rcu(); free the discoverer the same way.\nAdd an rcu_head to struct tipc_discoverer and free it and its skb from an\nRCU callback.\n\nBecause the RCU callback (tipc_disc_free_rcu) lives in module text, a\ncall_rcu() that is still pending when the tipc module is unloaded would\ninvoke a freed function. Add an rcu_barrier() to tipc_exit() after the\nbearer subsystem has been torn down, so all pending discoverer callbacks\nhave run before the module text goes away.\n\nReachable from an unprivileged user namespace: the TIPCv2 genl family is\nnetnsok and its bearer commands have no GENL_ADMIN_PERM. Needs CONFIG_TIPC\nand CONFIG_TIPC_MEDIA_UDP."
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV3_1": {
"baseScore": 7.8,
"baseSeverity": "HIGH",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"version": "3.1"
},
"scenarios": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "AV:L - The free side is only reachable through the local TIPCv2 generic-netlink `BEARER_DISABLE` command (or netns teardown); a remote peer can supply the discovery packet that performs the use-after-free access but cannot itself cause `bearer_disable()` to run, so the complete attack requires local access.\nAC:L - The attacker controls both sides of the race \u2014 one thread floods TIPC discovery packets at the bearer\u0027s UDP port while another disables the bearer \u2014 and `bearer_disable()` clears `b-\u003eup` and then `kfree()`s the discoverer with no synchronization whatsoever, leaving a wide window that a multi-CPU packet flood hits reliably (a working PoC exists).\nPR:L - `tipc_genl_family` is `.netnsok = true` and the bearer enable/disable ops carry no `GENL_ADMIN_PERM` or other capability check, so an unprivileged user can do everything inside `unshare -Urn` after autoloading tipc via `socket(AF_TIPC, ...)`.\nUI:N - The attacking process performs both the bearer disable and the packet injection itself; no victim action or cooperating user is involved.\nS:U - The corruption stays within the kernel\u0027s own security authority \u2014 no VM, IOMMU, or hypervisor boundary is crossed.\nC:H - `d-\u003enet` is read from the freed slab object and dereferenced as a `struct net *`; after reclaiming the kmalloc-192 allocation with sprayed data the attacker gains a controlled-pointer dereference chain usable for arbitrary kernel memory disclosure.\nI:H - `msg_set_prevnode(buf_msg(d-\u003eskb), sugg_addr)` writes a wire-controlled 32-bit value through the dangling `d-\u003eskb` pointer, and `tipc_disc_add_dest()` takes a spinlock and increments a counter in freed memory \u2014 together a controlled-address/controlled-value write suitable for control-flow hijacking.\nA:H - The use-after-free reliably produces a KASAN slab-use-after-free in softirq context and, on production kernels, a corrupted-pointer dereference or spinlock manipulation on reclaimed memory leading to kernel panic."
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-08-19T16:28:28.342Z",
"orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
"shortName": "Linux"
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},
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},
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},
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/5e215bf1c47fdddf8203a0fe80a0ed594065f101"
},
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ec7d54d8cc1723921d671e3272b427c96366506f"
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"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a0c5fdeb5fa257f8c6d469af266bc087cb5de6a2"
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},
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/1579342d71133da7f00daa02c75cebec7372097b"
}
],
"title": "tipc: fix use-after-free of the discoverer in tipc_disc_rcv()",
"x_generator": {
"engine": "bippy-1.2.0"
}
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
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"cveId": "CVE-2026-64543",
"datePublished": "2026-07-27T20:10:35.565Z",
"dateReserved": "2026-07-19T15:36:31.795Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-10-19T20:48:39.735Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
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}
}
}
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Drag nodes to arrange them. Double-click a related vulnerability to open it, or a source to visit its link. The Physics button on the left tunes the layout and the simulation; the legend at the bottom left hides or shows nodes by kind and by sighting type.
Experimental. This forecast is provided for visualization only and may change without notice. Do not use it for operational decisions.
Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.
Sightings
| Author | Source | Type | Date | Other |
|---|
Nomenclature
- Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
- Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
- Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
- Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
- Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Vulnerability timeline
Sightings and recorded dates, grouped by day · UTC
How durations are calculated
Following the VTEM framework (Black Hat USA 2015), time to patch starts when the vendor or a coordinator was informed, total time to patch at discovery, and disclosure to patch at public disclosure; vendor response time runs from the report to its acknowledgement. Time to exploit and time unpatched start at the earliest discovery or report, falling back to public disclosure. Unpatched time ends at the first recorded patch, or the calculation time when no patch is recorded. Exploitation to patch shows the interval between those two events; a published proof of concept is a public exploit, not exploitation.
Each result shows its source dates. A negative interval means the end event came first; when date-only inputs leave the order open, the result says so. Date-only inputs are approximate. The earliest evidence wins: KEV report dates and sightings are labelled as such. Records describing another vulnerability are listed but never calculated from, and a PoC alone does not establish exploitation. Missing patch evidence does not prove that no patch exists. Filters below change the event list only.
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The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the
vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base
model, served locally by ML-Gateway.
They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.
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Related by attack behaviour
Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.