CVE-2026-54891 (GCVE-0-2026-54891)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-02 16:06 – Updated: 2026-07-03 04:29
VLAI
Title
Plaintext APPLICATION_DATA injected during TLS handshake delivered to client application post-handshake in ssl
Summary
Improper Enforcement of Message Integrity During Transmission in a Communication Channel vulnerability in Erlang/OTP ssl (tls_gen_connection module) allows a network-positioned attacker to inject unauthenticated plaintext that the TLS client application later treats as authenticated server data. The function tls_gen_connection:handle_protocol_record/3 rejects APPLICATION_DATA records that arrive in pre-handshake states when the TLS endpoint acts as a server, but does not apply the same check when the endpoint acts as a client. A network-positioned attacker can send plaintext APPLICATION_DATA records to the client during the handshake. The records are buffered and, once the handshake completes successfully, delivered to the application as if they were authenticated post-handshake data. The attacker cannot observe the client's response or steer the connection, so the impact is limited to blind injection of unauthenticated bytes. The injection window is wider for TLS versions prior to TLS 1.3 than for TLS 1.3. This vulnerability is associated with program file lib/ssl/src/tls_gen_connection.erl. This issue affects OTP from OTP 17.0 before 29.0.3, 28.5.0.3 and 27.3.4.14 corresponding to ssl from 5.3.4 before 11.7.3, 11.6.0.3 and 11.2.12.10. TLS 1.3 is affected starting with OTP 22.0, when TLS 1.3 support was added.
Severity
6.3 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-924 - Improper Enforcement of Message Integrity During Transmission in a Communication Channel
Assigner
EEF
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Erlang OTP Affected: 5.3.4 , < * (otp)
    cpe:2.3:a:erlang:erlang\/otp:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
 Create a notification for this product.
Erlang OTP Affected: 17.0 , < * (otp)
Affected: 84adefa331c4159d432d22840663c38f155cd4c1 , < 07d2d0e93f6aaf7652a81e8df075fc1728da5e96 (git)
    cpe:2.3:a:erlang:erlang\/otp:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
 Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Lukas Backström Ingela Anderton Andin Dan Gudmundsson Jakub Witczak
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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      "cveMetadata": "{\"cveId\": \"CVE-2026-54891\", \"state\": \"PUBLISHED\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2026-07-03T04:29:42.794Z\", \"dateReserved\": \"2026-06-16T10:47:13.915Z\", \"assignerOrgId\": \"6b3ad84c-e1a6-4bf7-a703-f496b71e49db\", \"datePublished\": \"2026-07-02T16:06:30.982Z\", \"assignerShortName\": \"EEF\"}",
      "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
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  }
}


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Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.

Sightings

Author Source Type Date Other

Nomenclature

  • Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
  • Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
  • Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
  • Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
  • Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.


Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.