CVE-2026-50722 (GCVE-0-2026-50722)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-02 21:34 – Updated: 2026-07-02 21:34
VLAI
Title
IKEv2 Denial of Service via RSA-SHA1 (PKCS#1 RSASSA-PKCS1-v1_5) authentication payload
Summary
Libreswan, via the function RSA_authenticate_hash_signature_pkcs1_1_5_rsa(), did not correctly verify the DER encoding of the ASN.1 digest when the IKEv2 AUTH payload was encoded using RSASSA-PKCS1-v1_5 (RFC 8017). A remote attacker can use a variation on the Bleichenbacher attack to forge the AUTH payload when small public exponents are used (e.g., e=3), leading to impersonation. Additionally, a remote attacker, by encoding a shorter than expected hash in the AUTH payload, could trigger an assertion leading to denial-of-service. The daemon aborts and restarts; continued exploitation causes sustained denial of service. Remote code execution is not possible. X.509 certificate verifications of the remote IKE peer are not affected.
Severity
7.5 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
8.1 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
CWE
  • CWE-347 - Improper Verification of Cryptographic Signature
  • CWE-617 - Reachable Assertion
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
The Libreswan Project libreswan Affected: 0 , ≤ 5.3 (semver)
Unaffected: 5.3.1 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Yeonghyeon Choi Duyeong Kim Andrew Cagney (The Libreswan Team)
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

{
  "containers": {
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "collectionURL": "https://github.com/libreswan/libreswan",
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "packageName": "libreswan",
          "product": "libreswan",
          "programRoutines": [
            {
              "name": "RSA_authenticate_hash_signature_pkcs1_1_5_rsa"
            }
          ],
          "repo": "https://github.com/libreswan/libreswan",
          "vendor": "The Libreswan Project",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "5.3",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "0",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "5.3.1",
              "versionType": "semver"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "configurations": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "Any server or client that accepts RSA-based IKEv2 connections via the default authby= settings is vulnerable to denial of service. Authentication bypass additionally requires the use of RSA keys with weak exponents (e=3). IKEv2 by default allows ECDSA, RSA-SSA-PSS, and RSA PKCS#1 1.5 as fallback due to Microsoft Windows not supporting RSASSA-PSS."
        }
      ],
      "credits": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "type": "finder",
          "value": "Yeonghyeon Choi"
        },
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "type": "finder",
          "value": "Duyeong Kim"
        },
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "type": "analyst",
          "value": "Andrew Cagney (The Libreswan Team)"
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "supportingMedia": [
            {
              "base64": false,
              "type": "text/html",
              "value": "\u003cp\u003eLibreswan, via the function RSA_authenticate_hash_signature_pkcs1_1_5_rsa(), did not correctly verify the DER encoding of the ASN.1 digest when the IKEv2 AUTH payload was encoded using RSASSA-PKCS1-v1_5 (RFC 8017). A remote attacker can use a variation on the Bleichenbacher attack to forge the AUTH payload when small public exponents are used (e.g., e=3), leading to impersonation. Additionally, a remote attacker, by encoding a shorter than expected hash in the AUTH payload, could trigger an assertion leading to denial-of-service. The daemon aborts and restarts; continued exploitation causes sustained denial of service. Remote code execution is not possible. X.509 certificate verifications of the remote IKE peer are not affected.\u003c/p\u003e"
            }
          ],
          "value": "Libreswan, via the function RSA_authenticate_hash_signature_pkcs1_1_5_rsa(), did not correctly verify the DER encoding of the ASN.1 digest when the IKEv2 AUTH payload was encoded using RSASSA-PKCS1-v1_5 (RFC 8017). A remote attacker can use a variation on the Bleichenbacher attack to forge the AUTH payload when small public exponents are used (e.g., e=3), leading to impersonation. Additionally, a remote attacker, by encoding a shorter than expected hash in the AUTH payload, could trigger an assertion leading to denial-of-service. The daemon aborts and restarts; continued exploitation causes sustained denial of service. Remote code execution is not possible. X.509 certificate verifications of the remote IKE peer are not affected."
        }
      ],
      "exploits": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "No known exploitation in the wild. The authentication bypass requires the target to use RSA keys with weak exponents (e=3), which have been disallowed by most cryptographic libraries for at least a decade. The denial-of-service attack is exploitable against any IKEv2 configuration using default authby= settings that permit RSA PKCS#1 v1.5 fallback."
        }
      ],
      "impacts": [
        {
          "capecId": "CAPEC-463",
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "Denial of Service via assertion failure in pluto daemon when processing malformed RSA PKCS#1 v1.5 AUTH payloads"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "capecId": "CAPEC-473",
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "Authentication bypass via Bleichenbacher-style signature forgery when weak RSA exponents (e.g., e=3) are in use"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "attackComplexity": "LOW",
            "attackVector": "NETWORK",
            "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
            "baseScore": 7.5,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
            "integrityImpact": "NONE",
            "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
            "scope": "UNCHANGED",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "format": "CVSS",
          "scenarios": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "GENERAL"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "attackComplexity": "HIGH",
            "attackVector": "NETWORK",
            "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
            "baseScore": 8.1,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
            "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
            "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
            "scope": "UNCHANGED",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "format": "CVSS",
          "scenarios": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "Weak RSA exponent (e=3) in use, enabling Bleichenbacher signature forgery"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "other": {
            "content": {
              "description": "Vendor-assessed severity: Medium. Authentication bypass requires weak RSA exponents (e=3) which have been disallowed by most cryptographic libraries for over a decade. DoS is mitigated by automatic daemon restart.",
              "value": "MEDIUM"
            },
            "type": "vendorSeverity"
          }
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-347",
              "description": "CWE-347: Improper Verification of Cryptographic Signature",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-617",
              "description": "CWE-617: Reachable Assertion",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-07-02T21:34:41.413Z",
        "orgId": "d42dc95b-23f1-4e06-9076-20753a0fb0df",
        "shortName": "libreswan"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "name": "Libreswan Security Advisory CVE-2026-50722",
          "tags": [
            "vendor-advisory"
          ],
          "url": "https://libreswan.org/security/CVE-2026-50722/CVE-2026-50722.txt"
        },
        {
          "name": "Libreswan CVE-2026-50722 Patches",
          "tags": [
            "patch"
          ],
          "url": "https://libreswan.org/security/CVE-2026-50722/"
        },
        {
          "name": "Related: CVE-2026-50721 (IKEv1 variant)",
          "tags": [
            "related"
          ],
          "url": "https://libreswan.org/security/CVE-2026-50721/CVE-2026-50721.txt"
        },
        {
          "name": "RFC 8017 - PKCS #1: RSA Cryptography Specifications Version 2.2",
          "tags": [
            "technical-description"
          ],
          "url": "https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc8017"
        }
      ],
      "solutions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "supportingMedia": [
            {
              "base64": false,
              "type": "text/html",
              "value": "\u003cp\u003eUpgrade to libreswan 5.3.1 or later. Patches for libreswan 4.15 and 5.3 are available at \u003ca href=\"https://libreswan.org/security/CVE-2026-50722/\"\u003ehttps://libreswan.org/security/CVE-2026-50722/\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"
            }
          ],
          "value": "Upgrade to libreswan 5.3.1 or later. Patches for libreswan 4.15 and 5.3 are available at https://libreswan.org/security/CVE-2026-50722/"
        }
      ],
      "source": {
        "defects": [
          "CVE-2026-50722"
        ],
        "discovery": "EXTERNAL"
      },
      "taxonomyMappings": [
        {
          "taxonomyName": "ATT\u0026CK",
          "taxonomyRelations": [
            {
              "relationshipName": "maps to",
              "relationshipValue": "Application or System Exploitation (DoS)",
              "taxonomyId": "T1499.004"
            }
          ],
          "taxonomyVersion": "15.1"
        }
      ],
      "timeline": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "time": "2026-03-24T00:00:00.000Z",
          "value": "Libreswan notified of the issue via security@libreswan.org"
        },
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "time": "2026-06-16T00:00:00.000Z",
          "value": "Advanced notice given to supported customers and distributions"
        },
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "time": "2026-06-24T00:00:00.000Z",
          "value": "Public announcement and release of libreswan 5.3.1"
        }
      ],
      "title": "IKEv2 Denial of Service via RSA-SHA1 (PKCS#1 RSASSA-PKCS1-v1_5) authentication payload",
      "workarounds": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "supportingMedia": [
            {
              "base64": false,
              "type": "text/html",
              "value": "\u003cp\u003eIf Windows support is not needed, configure \u003ccode\u003eauthby=ecdsa\u003c/code\u003e or \u003ccode\u003eauthby=rsa-sha2\u003c/code\u003e (or both via \u003ccode\u003eauthby=ecdsa,rsa-sha2\u003c/code\u003e) to disallow the fallback of RSA PKCS#1 1.5. The \u003ccode\u003eleftauth=\u003c/code\u003e and \u003ccode\u003erightauth=\u003c/code\u003e settings can be updated similarly if those are in use instead of \u003ccode\u003eauthby\u003c/code\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"
            }
          ],
          "value": "If Windows support is not needed, configure authby=ecdsa or authby=rsa-sha2 (or both via authby=ecdsa,rsa-sha2) to disallow the fallback of RSA PKCS#1 1.5. The leftauth= and rightauth= settings can be updated similarly if those are in use instead of authby."
        }
      ],
      "x_generator": {
        "engine": "cvelib 1.8.0"
      }
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "d42dc95b-23f1-4e06-9076-20753a0fb0df",
    "assignerShortName": "libreswan",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-50722",
    "datePublished": "2026-07-02T21:34:41.413Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-06-05T16:10:05.751Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-07-02T21:34:41.413Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2",
  "vulnerability-lookup:meta": {
    "nvd": "{\"cve\":{\"id\":\"CVE-2026-50722\",\"sourceIdentifier\":\"d42dc95b-23f1-4e06-9076-20753a0fb0df\",\"published\":\"2026-07-02T22:16:43.550\",\"lastModified\":\"2026-07-02T22:16:43.550\",\"vulnStatus\":\"Received\",\"cveTags\":[],\"descriptions\":[{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"Libreswan, via the function RSA_authenticate_hash_signature_pkcs1_1_5_rsa(), did not correctly verify the DER encoding of the ASN.1 digest when the IKEv2 AUTH payload was encoded using RSASSA-PKCS1-v1_5 (RFC 8017). A remote attacker can use a variation on the Bleichenbacher attack to forge the AUTH payload when small public exponents are used (e.g., e=3), leading to impersonation. Additionally, a remote attacker, by encoding a shorter than expected hash in the AUTH payload, could trigger an assertion leading to denial-of-service. The daemon aborts and restarts; continued exploitation causes sustained denial of service. Remote code execution is not possible. X.509 certificate verifications of the remote IKE peer are not affected.\"}],\"affected\":[{\"source\":\"d42dc95b-23f1-4e06-9076-20753a0fb0df\",\"affectedData\":[{\"vendor\":\"The Libreswan Project\",\"product\":\"libreswan\",\"defaultStatus\":\"unaffected\",\"collectionURL\":\"https://github.com/libreswan/libreswan\",\"packageName\":\"libreswan\",\"programRoutines\":[{\"name\":\"RSA_authenticate_hash_signature_pkcs1_1_5_rsa\"}],\"repo\":\"https://github.com/libreswan/libreswan\",\"versions\":[{\"version\":\"0\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"5.3\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"5.3.1\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"}]}]}],\"metrics\":{\"cvssMetricV31\":[{\"source\":\"d42dc95b-23f1-4e06-9076-20753a0fb0df\",\"type\":\"Secondary\",\"cvssData\":{\"version\":\"3.1\",\"vectorString\":\"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H\",\"baseScore\":8.1,\"baseSeverity\":\"HIGH\",\"attackVector\":\"NETWORK\",\"attackComplexity\":\"HIGH\",\"privilegesRequired\":\"NONE\",\"userInteraction\":\"NONE\",\"scope\":\"UNCHANGED\",\"confidentialityImpact\":\"HIGH\",\"integrityImpact\":\"HIGH\",\"availabilityImpact\":\"HIGH\"},\"exploitabilityScore\":2.2,\"impactScore\":5.9}]},\"weaknesses\":[{\"source\":\"d42dc95b-23f1-4e06-9076-20753a0fb0df\",\"type\":\"Secondary\",\"description\":[{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"CWE-347\"},{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"CWE-617\"}]}],\"references\":[{\"url\":\"https://libreswan.org/security/CVE-2026-50721/CVE-2026-50721.txt\",\"source\":\"d42dc95b-23f1-4e06-9076-20753a0fb0df\"},{\"url\":\"https://libreswan.org/security/CVE-2026-50722/\",\"source\":\"d42dc95b-23f1-4e06-9076-20753a0fb0df\"},{\"url\":\"https://libreswan.org/security/CVE-2026-50722/CVE-2026-50722.txt\",\"source\":\"d42dc95b-23f1-4e06-9076-20753a0fb0df\"},{\"url\":\"https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc8017\",\"source\":\"d42dc95b-23f1-4e06-9076-20753a0fb0df\"}]}}"
  }
}


Log in or create an account to share your comment.




Tags
Taxonomy of the tags.





Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.

Sightings

Author Source Type Date Other

Nomenclature

  • Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
  • Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
  • Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
  • Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
  • Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.


Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.