Vulnerability-Lookup

CVE-2026-46342 (GCVE-0-2026-46342)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-12 12:50 – Updated: 2026-06-12 20:54

Title

Nuxt: `__nuxt_island` endpoint does not bind responses to request props, enabling shared-cache poisoning

Summary

Nuxt is an open-source web development framework for Vue.js. In Nuxt versions 3.1.0 to before 3.21.6 and 4.0.0-alpha.1 to before 4.4.6 and @nuxt/nitro-server versions 3.20.0 to before 3.21.6 and 4.0.0-alpha.1 to before 4.4.6, the /__nuxt_island/* endpoint accepts attacker-controlled props query/body parameters and renders any island component without verifying that the URL-resident hash (<Name>_<hashId>.json) was actually issued for those inputs by <NuxtIsland>. The hash is computed and embedded client-side but never validated server-side, so the same path can return materially different responses depending on the query. This issue has been patched in versions 3.21.6 and 4.4.6.

Severity

2.3 (Low)


                        
                          CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:P/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:L/SI:L/SA:N

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2026-06-12 14:38 UTC

CWE

CWE-79 - Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')
CWE-349 - Acceptance of Extraneous Untrusted Data With Trusted Data
CWE-444 - Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request/Response Smuggling')

Assigner

GitHub_M mitre root Scorecard

References

2 references

URL	Tags
https://github.com/nuxt/nuxt/security/advisories/…	x_refsource_CONFIRM
https://github.com/nuxt/nuxt/pull/35077	x_refsource_MISC

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version	CPE status
nuxt	nuxt	Affected: >= 3.1.0, < 3.21.6 Affected: >= 4.0.0-alpha.1, < 4.4.6	guessed

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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FKIE_CVE-2026-46342

Vulnerability from fkie_nvd - Published: 2026-06-12 14:16 - Updated: 2026-06-17 10:53

Severity

5.4 (Medium) - CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N

Summary

References

	URL	Tags
	security-advisories@github.com	https://github.com/nuxt/nuxt/pull/35077	Issue Tracking
	security-advisories@github.com	https://github.com/nuxt/nuxt/security/advisories/GHSA-g8wj-3cr3-6w7v	Mitigation, Patch, Vendor Advisory

Impacted products

Vendor	Product	Version
nuxt	nuxt	*
nuxt	nuxt	*
nuxt	nuxt\/nitro-server	*
nuxt	nuxt\/nitro-server	*

JSON

To clipboard

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      "lang": "en",
      "value": "Nuxt is an open-source web development framework for Vue.js. In Nuxt versions 3.1.0 to before 3.21.6 and 4.0.0-alpha.1 to before 4.4.6 and @nuxt/nitro-server versions 3.20.0 to before 3.21.6 and 4.0.0-alpha.1 to before 4.4.6, the /__nuxt_island/* endpoint accepts attacker-controlled props query/body parameters and renders any island component without verifying that the URL-resident hash (\u003cName\u003e_\u003chashId\u003e.json) was actually issued for those inputs by \u003cNuxtIsland\u003e. The hash is computed and embedded client-side but never validated server-side, so the same path can return materially different responses depending on the query. This issue has been patched in versions 3.21.6 and 4.4.6."
    }
  ],
  "id": "CVE-2026-46342",
  "lastModified": "2026-06-17T10:53:35.220",
  "metrics": {
    "cvssMetricV31": [
      {
        "cvssData": {
          "attackComplexity": "LOW",
          "attackVector": "NETWORK",
          "availabilityImpact": "NONE",
          "baseScore": 5.4,
          "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
          "confidentialityImpact": "LOW",
          "integrityImpact": "LOW",
          "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
          "scope": "UNCHANGED",
          "userInteraction": "REQUIRED",
          "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N",
          "version": "3.1"
        },
        "exploitabilityScore": 2.8,
        "impactScore": 2.5,
        "source": "nvd@nist.gov",
        "type": "Primary"
      }
    ],
    "cvssMetricV40": [
      {
        "cvssData": {
          "Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "Safety": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "attackComplexity": "LOW",
          "attackRequirements": "PRESENT",
          "attackVector": "NETWORK",
          "availabilityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "baseScore": 2.3,
          "baseSeverity": "LOW",
          "confidentialityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "exploitMaturity": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "integrityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedAttackComplexity": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedAttackRequirements": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedAttackVector": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedPrivilegesRequired": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedSubAvailabilityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedSubConfidentialityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedSubIntegrityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedUserInteraction": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedVulnAvailabilityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedVulnConfidentialityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedVulnIntegrityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
          "providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
          "subConfidentialityImpact": "LOW",
          "subIntegrityImpact": "LOW",
          "userInteraction": "PASSIVE",
          "valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:P/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:L/SI:L/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
          "version": "4.0",
          "vulnAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
          "vulnConfidentialityImpact": "LOW",
          "vulnIntegrityImpact": "LOW",
          "vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED"
        },
        "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
        "type": "Secondary"
      }
    ],
    "ssvcV203": [
      {
        "source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
        "ssvcData": {
          "id": "CVE-2026-46342",
          "options": [
            {
              "exploitation": "none"
            },
            {
              "automatable": "no"
            },
            {
              "technicalImpact": "partial"
            }
          ],
          "role": "CISA Coordinator",
          "timestamp": "2026-06-12T14:38:03.802043Z",
          "version": "2.0.3"
        }
      }
    ]
  },
  "published": "2026-06-12T14:16:31.590",
  "references": [
    {
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
      "tags": [
        "Issue Tracking"
      ],
      "url": "https://github.com/nuxt/nuxt/pull/35077"
    },
    {
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
      "tags": [
        "Mitigation",
        "Patch",
        "Vendor Advisory"
      ],
      "url": "https://github.com/nuxt/nuxt/security/advisories/GHSA-g8wj-3cr3-6w7v"
    }
  ],
  "sourceIdentifier": "security-advisories@github.com",
  "vulnStatus": "Analyzed",
  "weaknesses": [
    {
      "description": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "CWE-79"
        },
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "CWE-349"
        },
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "CWE-444"
        }
      ],
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
      "type": "Secondary"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-G8WJ-3CR3-6W7V

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-19 20:03 – Updated: 2026-07-08 17:35

Summary

Nuxt: `__nuxt_island` endpoint does not bind responses to request props, enabling shared-cache poisoning

Details

Summary

The /__nuxt_island/* endpoint accepts attacker-controlled props query/body parameters and renders any island component without verifying that the URL-resident hash (<Name>_<hashId>.json) was actually issued for those inputs by <NuxtIsland>. The hash is computed and embedded client-side but never validated server-side, so the same path can return materially different responses depending on the query.

Island components are documented as rendering independently of route context - page middleware does not apply to them, and they are intentionally cacheable as a function of their props. This advisory does not treat that contract as a vulnerability. It treats the absence of a binding between the URL the cache keys on and the response served at that URL as one.

Impact

In applications where a CDN or reverse-proxy in front of the app caches /__nuxt_island/* keyed by path only (ignoring query) - a documented misconfiguration class, see GHSA-jvhm-gjrh-3h93 - an attacker can prime the cache for a path with their own choice of props, and subsequent users requesting the same path receive the attacker's rendered HTML rather than the response intended for them. The cache entry persists until normal expiry.

Where the affected island has any prop flowing into an unsafe HTML sink in application code (v-html, innerHTML, a third-party renderer treating a prop as HTML), this becomes stored XSS in the embedding page's origin until the cache entry expires. HttpOnly cookies remain out of reach but anything else in the origin (other cookies, in-origin requests, DOM state) is reachable by the injected script.

Preconditions:

experimental.componentIslands enabled (or the default 'auto' with at least one server / island component in the app).
A shared intermediary cache (CDN, reverse-proxy, edge cache) keyed on path only.
For the XSS pivot specifically: an application-authored island that puts a prop through an unsafe HTML sink.

Without the second precondition, the response shape is per-request and unaffected. Without the third, the worst case is content-swap / inert HTML injection rather than script execution.

Patches

Patched in nuxt@4.4.6 and nuxt@3.21.6 by #35077. The island handler now recomputes the expected hashId from (name, props, context) using the same ohash function <NuxtIsland> already uses to embed the hash in the URL, and rejects requests (HTTP 400) whose URL-resident hash does not match. The response is now a pure function of the request path: a path-keyed shared cache returns the correct response to every requester for that path, and an attacker cannot synthesise a path whose hash matches arbitrary props.

Workarounds

For users unable to upgrade immediately:

Ensure any intermediary cache keys /__nuxt_island/* on the full query string, not on the path alone. This is the recommended configuration regardless.
Audit application-authored islands for props flowing into v-html / innerHTML / similar HTML sinks; treat island props as untrusted user input.

Note on island authentication

[!IMPORTANT] It's important to remember that route middleware does not run when rendering island components, and islands cannot rely on routing-layer auth. Applications gating sensitive data behind page middleware should enforce that auth inside the island's own data layer (server-only routes, useRequestEvent + manual session checks, etc.) rather than relying on the embedding page's middleware - this was true before this advisory and remains true after it.

A separate advisory addresses *.server.vue pages registered as page_<routeName> islands, where the documented "middleware doesn't run for islands" contract collides with the page's own definePageMeta({ middleware }) declaration in a way that constitutes a genuine bug rather than documented behaviour.

Severity

5.4 (Medium)


                  
                    CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N

2.3 (Low)


                  
                    CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:P/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:L/SI:L/SA:N

Show details on source website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 3.21.5"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "nuxt"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "3.1.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "3.21.6"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 4.4.5"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "nuxt"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "4.0.0-alpha.1"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "4.4.6"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 3.21.5"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "@nuxt/nitro-server"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "3.20.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "3.21.6"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 4.4.5"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "@nuxt/nitro-server"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "4.2.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "4.4.6"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-46342"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-349",
      "CWE-444",
      "CWE-79"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-05-19T20:03:24Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-06-12T14:16:31Z",
    "severity": "LOW"
  },
  "details": "### Summary\n\nThe `/__nuxt_island/*` endpoint accepts attacker-controlled `props` query/body parameters and renders any island component without verifying that the URL-resident hash (`\u003cName\u003e_\u003chashId\u003e.json`) was actually issued for those inputs by `\u003cNuxtIsland\u003e`. The hash is computed and embedded client-side but never validated server-side, so the same path can return materially different responses depending on the query.\n\nIsland components are documented as rendering independently of route context - page middleware does not apply to them, and they are intentionally cacheable as a function of their props. This advisory does **not** treat that contract as a vulnerability. It treats the absence of a binding between the URL the cache keys on and the response served at that URL as one.\n\n### Impact\n\nIn applications where a CDN or reverse-proxy in front of the app caches `/__nuxt_island/*` keyed by path only (ignoring query) - a documented misconfiguration class, see GHSA-jvhm-gjrh-3h93 - an attacker can prime the cache for a path with their own choice of props, and subsequent users requesting the same path receive the attacker\u0027s rendered HTML rather than the response intended for them. The cache entry persists until normal expiry.\n\nWhere the affected island has any prop flowing into an unsafe HTML sink in application code (`v-html`, `innerHTML`, a third-party renderer treating a prop as HTML), this becomes stored XSS in the embedding page\u0027s origin until the cache entry expires. `HttpOnly` cookies remain out of reach but anything else in the origin (other cookies, in-origin requests, DOM state) is reachable by the injected script.\n\nPreconditions:\n\n- `experimental.componentIslands` enabled (or the default `\u0027auto\u0027` with at least one server / island component in the app).\n- A shared intermediary cache (CDN, reverse-proxy, edge cache) keyed on path only.\n- For the XSS pivot specifically: an application-authored island that puts a prop through an unsafe HTML sink.\n\nWithout the second precondition, the response shape is per-request and unaffected. Without the third, the worst case is content-swap / inert HTML injection rather than script execution.\n\n### Patches\n\nPatched in `nuxt@4.4.6` and `nuxt@3.21.6` by [#35077](https://github.com/nuxt/nuxt/pull/35077). The island handler now recomputes the expected `hashId` from `(name, props, context)` using the same `ohash` function `\u003cNuxtIsland\u003e` already uses to embed the hash in the URL, and rejects requests (HTTP 400) whose URL-resident hash does not match. The response is now a pure function of the request path: a path-keyed shared cache returns the correct response to every requester for that path, and an attacker cannot synthesise a path whose hash matches arbitrary props.\n\n### Workarounds\n\nFor users unable to upgrade immediately:\n\n- Ensure any intermediary cache keys `/__nuxt_island/*` on the full query string, not on the path alone. This is the recommended configuration regardless.\n- Audit application-authored islands for props flowing into `v-html` / `innerHTML` / similar HTML sinks; treat island props as untrusted user input.\n\n### Note on island authentication\n\n\u003e [!IMPORTANT]\n\u003e It\u0027s important to remember that route middleware does not run when rendering island components, and islands cannot rely on routing-layer auth. Applications gating sensitive data behind page middleware should enforce that auth inside the island\u0027s own data layer (server-only routes, `useRequestEvent` + manual session checks, etc.) rather than relying on the embedding page\u0027s middleware - this was true before this advisory and remains true after it.\n\nA separate advisory addresses `*.server.vue` *pages* registered as `page_\u003crouteName\u003e` islands, where the documented \"middleware doesn\u0027t run for islands\" contract collides with the page\u0027s own `definePageMeta({ middleware })` declaration in a way that constitutes a genuine bug rather than documented behaviour.",
  "id": "GHSA-g8wj-3cr3-6w7v",
  "modified": "2026-07-08T17:35:09Z",
  "published": "2026-05-19T20:03:24Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/nuxt/nuxt/security/advisories/GHSA-g8wj-3cr3-6w7v"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-46342"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/nuxt/nuxt/pull/35077"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/nuxt/nuxt"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:P/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:L/SI:L/SA:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Nuxt: `__nuxt_island` endpoint does not bind responses to request props, enabling shared-cache poisoning"
}

Sightings

Author	Source	Type	Date	Other

Nomenclature

Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.

The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base model, served locally by ML-Gateway. They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.

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Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.

Action not permitted

CVE-2026-46342 (GCVE-0-2026-46342)

FKIE_CVE-2026-46342

GHSA-G8WJ-3CR3-6W7V

Summary

Impact

Patches

Workarounds

Note on island authentication

Tags

Sightings

Nomenclature

Related by attack behaviour