CVE-2026-46316 (GCVE-0-2026-46316)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-09 11:52 – Updated: 2026-08-05 12:31
VLAI
Title
KVM: arm64: vgic-its: Drop the translation cache reference only for the erased entry
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: KVM: arm64: vgic-its: Drop the translation cache reference only for the erased entry vgic_its_invalidate_cache() walks the per-ITS translation cache with xa_for_each() and drops the cache's reference on each entry with vgic_put_irq(). It puts the iterated pointer, though, rather than the value returned by xa_erase(). The function is called from contexts that do not exclude one another: the ITS command handlers hold its_lock, the GITS_CTLR write path holds cmd_lock, and the path that clears EnableLPIs in a redistributor's GICR_CTLR holds neither. Two or more of them can drain the same cache concurrently, and if each one observes the same entry, erases it and then puts it, the single reference the cache holds on that entry is dropped more than once. The entry can then be freed while an ITE still maps it. xa_erase() is atomic and returns the previous entry, so put only the entry that this context actually removed. The cache reference is then dropped exactly once per entry even when the invalidations run concurrently, and the behavior is unchanged when only one context runs.
Severity
9.3 (Critical)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
7 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
CWE
  • CWE-911 - Improper Update of Reference Count
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Linux Linux Affected: 8201d1028caa4fae88e222c4e8cf541fdf45b821 , < b7b72e88046328c9fdc638fe887d4240257dd5dc (git)
Affected: 8201d1028caa4fae88e222c4e8cf541fdf45b821 , < 2bbc395e81bd29c543a0529a678327e932a7ec69 (git)
Affected: 8201d1028caa4fae88e222c4e8cf541fdf45b821 , < 9121f4605ab94969f62d1b5714ca3c6c69bd202f (git)
Affected: 8201d1028caa4fae88e222c4e8cf541fdf45b821 , < 13031fb6b8357fbbcded2a7f4cba73e4781ee594 (git)
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Linux Linux Affected: 6.10
Unaffected: 0 , < 6.10 (semver)
Unaffected: 6.12.93 , ≤ 6.12.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.18.35 , ≤ 6.18.* (semver)
Unaffected: 7.0.12 , ≤ 7.0.* (semver)
Unaffected: 7.1 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix)
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Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10 Unaffected: 0:6.12.0-211.30.1.el10_2 , < * (rpm)
    cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:10.2
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Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10.0 Extended Update Support Unaffected: 0:6.12.0-55.88.1.el10_0 , < * (rpm)
    cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux_eus:10.0
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Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 Unaffected: 0:5.14.0-687.22.1.el9_8 , < * (rpm)
    cpe:/a:redhat:enterprise_linux:9
    cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9
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Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.6 Extended Update Support Unaffected: 0:5.14.0-570.127.1.el9_6 , < * (rpm)
    cpe:/a:redhat:rhel_eus:9.6
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Red Hat Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.19 Unaffected: 4.19.9.6.202607220857-0 , < * (rpm)
    cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4.19::el9
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Red Hat Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.20 Unaffected: 4.20.9.6.202607151937-0 , < * (rpm)
    cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4.20::el9
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Red Hat Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.21 Unaffected: 4.21.9.6.202607151836-0 , < * (rpm)
    cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4.21::el9
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Red Hat Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.22 Unaffected: 4.22.9.8.202607152026-0 , < * (rpm)
    cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4.22::el9
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Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6     cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:6
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Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7     cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:7
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Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8     cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8
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Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9     cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9
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Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux for NVIDIA 26     cpe:/a:redhat:enterprise_linux_nvidia:
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              "value": "AV:L - The flaw is reached only from KVM guest MMIO traps on GICv3 ITS registers (GITS_CTLR/CWRITER command processing) and redistributor GICR_CTLR LPI-disable writes, not from any network-facing host protocol.\nAC:L - A guest controls all racing contexts by pinning vCPUs to run concurrent ITS commands, GITS_CTLR disable, and GICR_CTLR LPI-disable on the same ITS translation cache; the attacker creates and wins the race rather than depending on uncontrollable host timing.\nPR:N - No host privileges are required beyond running code in an assigned KVM guest (e.g. a cloud VM tenant on arm64); exploitation needs guest-kernel access to GIC MMIO, not host root or capabilities in the init namespace.\nUI:N - Exploitation is fully attacker-driven from within the guest VM and does not require any victim user or administrator action on the host.\nS:C - The use-after-free corrupts host-kernel heap memory (`struct vgic_irq`) from guest-controlled VGIC operations, crossing the guest-to-host virtualization security boundary with VM-escape impact.\nC:H - Premature `vgic_put_irq()` frees the LPI `vgic_irq` while an ITE still maps it, yielding a kernel heap use-after-free that can be leveraged for arbitrary host memory disclosure via subsequent IRQ structure dereferences.\nI:H - The dangling `vgic_irq` pointer allows attacker-influenced writes through IRQ state fields (`irq_lock`, `pending_latch`, `target_vcpu`, list heads), enabling heap grooming and potential host control-flow or data corruption.\nA:H - The refcount underflow frees live kernel objects still in use by the ITS, causing host kernel oops/panic or hang during subsequent LPI delivery, MSI injection, or ITS command handling."
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T12:31:11.943Z",
        "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "shortName": "Linux"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b7b72e88046328c9fdc638fe887d4240257dd5dc"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/2bbc395e81bd29c543a0529a678327e932a7ec69"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/9121f4605ab94969f62d1b5714ca3c6c69bd202f"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/13031fb6b8357fbbcded2a7f4cba73e4781ee594"
        }
      ],
      "title": "KVM: arm64: vgic-its: Drop the translation cache reference only for the erased entry",
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        "engine": "bippy-1.2.0"
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    }
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  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
    "assignerShortName": "Linux",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-46316",
    "datePublished": "2026-06-09T11:52:29.349Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-05-13T15:03:33.112Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T12:31:11.943Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2",
  "vulnerability-lookup:meta": {
    "epss": {
      "cve": "CVE-2026-46316",
      "date": "2026-08-07",
      "epss": "0.00441",
      "percentile": "0.36333"
    },
    "nvd": "{\"cve\":{\"id\":\"CVE-2026-46316\",\"sourceIdentifier\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"published\":\"2026-06-09T13:16:36.887\",\"lastModified\":\"2026-07-30T12:18:51.120\",\"vulnStatus\":\"Modified\",\"cveTags\":[],\"descriptions\":[{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\\n\\nKVM: arm64: vgic-its: Drop the translation cache reference only for the erased entry\\n\\nvgic_its_invalidate_cache() walks the per-ITS translation cache with\\nxa_for_each() and drops the cache\u0027s reference on each entry with\\nvgic_put_irq(). It puts the iterated pointer, though, rather than the\\nvalue returned by xa_erase().\\n\\nThe function is called from contexts that do not exclude one another: the\\nITS command handlers hold its_lock, the GITS_CTLR write path holds\\ncmd_lock, and the path that clears EnableLPIs in a redistributor\u0027s\\nGICR_CTLR holds neither. Two or more of them can drain the same cache\\nconcurrently, and if each one observes the same entry, erases it and then\\nputs it, the single reference the cache holds on that entry is dropped\\nmore than once. The entry can then be freed while an ITE still maps it.\\n\\nxa_erase() is atomic and returns the previous entry, so put only the entry\\nthat this context actually removed. The cache reference is then dropped\\nexactly once per entry even when the invalidations run concurrently, and\\nthe behavior is unchanged when only one context runs.\"},{\"lang\":\"es\",\"value\":\"En el kernel de Linux, la siguiente vulnerabilidad ha sido resuelta:\\n\\nKVM: arm64: vgic-its: Eliminar la referencia de la cach\u00e9 de traducci\u00f3n solo para la entrada borrada\\n\\nvgic_its_invalidate_cache() recorre la cach\u00e9 de traducci\u00f3n por ITS con xa_for_each() y elimina la referencia de la cach\u00e9 en cada entrada con vgic_put_irq(). Sin embargo, libera el puntero iterado, en lugar del valor devuelto por xa_erase().\\n\\nLa funci\u00f3n es llamada desde contextos que no se excluyen mutuamente: los manejadores de comandos ITS mantienen its_lock, la ruta de escritura de GITS_CTLR mantiene cmd_lock, y la ruta que borra EnableLPIs en el GICR_CTLR de un redistribuidor no mantiene ninguno. Dos o m\u00e1s de ellos pueden vaciar la misma cach\u00e9 concurrentemente, y si cada uno observa la misma entrada, la borra y luego la libera, la \u00fanica referencia que la cach\u00e9 mantiene sobre esa entrada se elimina m\u00e1s de una vez. La entrada puede entonces ser liberada mientras un ITE todav\u00eda la mapea.\\n\\nxa_erase() es at\u00f3mica y devuelve la entrada anterior, as\u00ed que libera solo la entrada que este contexto realmente elimin\u00f3. La referencia de la cach\u00e9 se elimina entonces exactamente una vez por entrada incluso cuando las invalidaciones se ejecutan concurrentemente, y el comportamiento no cambia cuando solo se ejecuta un contexto.\"}],\"affected\":[{\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"affectedData\":[{\"vendor\":\"Linux\",\"product\":\"Linux\",\"defaultStatus\":\"unaffected\",\"programFiles\":[\"arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-its.c\"],\"repo\":\"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git\",\"versions\":[{\"version\":\"8201d1028caa4fae88e222c4e8cf541fdf45b821\",\"lessThan\":\"b7b72e88046328c9fdc638fe887d4240257dd5dc\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"8201d1028caa4fae88e222c4e8cf541fdf45b821\",\"lessThan\":\"2bbc395e81bd29c543a0529a678327e932a7ec69\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"8201d1028caa4fae88e222c4e8cf541fdf45b821\",\"lessThan\":\"9121f4605ab94969f62d1b5714ca3c6c69bd202f\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"8201d1028caa4fae88e222c4e8cf541fdf45b821\",\"lessThan\":\"13031fb6b8357fbbcded2a7f4cba73e4781ee594\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"}]},{\"vendor\":\"Linux\",\"product\":\"Linux\",\"defaultStatus\":\"affected\",\"programFiles\":[\"arch/arm64/kvm/vgic/vgic-its.c\"],\"repo\":\"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git\",\"versions\":[{\"version\":\"6.10\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"0\",\"lessThan\":\"6.10\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.12.93\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"6.12.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.18.35\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"6.18.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"7.0.12\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"7.0.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"7.1\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"*\",\"versionType\":\"original_commit_for_fix\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"}]}]},{\"source\":\"0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c\",\"affectedData\":[{\"vendor\":\"Red 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Party Advisory\"]},{\"url\":\"https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2486982\",\"source\":\"0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c\",\"tags\":[\"Third Party Advisory\"]},{\"url\":\"https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2026/cve-2026-46316.json\",\"source\":\"0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c\",\"tags\":[\"Third Party Advisory\"]}]}}",
    "redhat_vex": {
      "aggregate_severity": "Important",
      "current_release_date": "2026-07-29T16:24:01+00:00",
      "cve": "CVE-2026-46316",
      "id": "CVE-2026-46316",
      "initial_release_date": "2026-06-09T00:00:00+00:00",
      "product_status:fixed": "1240",
      "product_status:known_affected": "23",
      "product_status:known_not_affected": "90",
      "source": "Red Hat CSAF VEX",
      "status": "final",
      "title": "kernel: KVM: arm64: vgic-its: Drop the translation cache reference only for the erased entry",
      "url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2026/cve-2026-46316.json",
      "version": "3"
    }
  }
}



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Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.

Sightings

Author Source Type Date Other

Nomenclature

  • Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
  • Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
  • Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
  • Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
  • Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.


Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.