CVE-2026-45957 (GCVE-0-2026-45957)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-27 12:18 – Updated: 2026-05-27 12:18
VLAI
Title
rcu: Fix rcu_read_unlock() deadloop due to softirq
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: rcu: Fix rcu_read_unlock() deadloop due to softirq Commit 5f5fa7ea89dc ("rcu: Don't use negative nesting depth in __rcu_read_unlock()") removes the recursion-protection code from __rcu_read_unlock(). Therefore, we could invoke the deadloop in raise_softirq_irqoff() with ftrace enabled as follows: WARNING: CPU: 0 PID: 0 at kernel/trace/trace.c:3021 __ftrace_trace_stack.constprop.0+0x172/0x180 Modules linked in: my_irq_work(O) CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 0 Comm: swapper/0 Tainted: G O 6.18.0-rc7-dirty #23 PREEMPT(full) Tainted: [O]=OOT_MODULE Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS 1.15.0-1 04/01/2014 RIP: 0010:__ftrace_trace_stack.constprop.0+0x172/0x180 RSP: 0018:ffffc900000034a8 EFLAGS: 00010002 RAX: 0000000000000000 RBX: 0000000000000004 RCX: 0000000000000000 RDX: 0000000000000003 RSI: ffffffff826d7b87 RDI: ffffffff826e9329 RBP: 0000000000090009 R08: 0000000000000005 R09: ffffffff82afbc4c R10: 0000000000000008 R11: 0000000000011d7a R12: 0000000000000000 R13: ffff888003874100 R14: 0000000000000003 R15: ffff8880038c1054 FS: 0000000000000000(0000) GS:ffff8880fa8ea000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000 CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033 CR2: 000055b31fa7f540 CR3: 00000000078f4005 CR4: 0000000000770ef0 PKRU: 55555554 Call Trace: <IRQ> trace_buffer_unlock_commit_regs+0x6d/0x220 trace_event_buffer_commit+0x5c/0x260 trace_event_raw_event_softirq+0x47/0x80 raise_softirq_irqoff+0x6e/0xa0 rcu_read_unlock_special+0xb1/0x160 unwind_next_frame+0x203/0x9b0 __unwind_start+0x15d/0x1c0 arch_stack_walk+0x62/0xf0 stack_trace_save+0x48/0x70 __ftrace_trace_stack.constprop.0+0x144/0x180 trace_buffer_unlock_commit_regs+0x6d/0x220 trace_event_buffer_commit+0x5c/0x260 trace_event_raw_event_softirq+0x47/0x80 raise_softirq_irqoff+0x6e/0xa0 rcu_read_unlock_special+0xb1/0x160 unwind_next_frame+0x203/0x9b0 __unwind_start+0x15d/0x1c0 arch_stack_walk+0x62/0xf0 stack_trace_save+0x48/0x70 __ftrace_trace_stack.constprop.0+0x144/0x180 trace_buffer_unlock_commit_regs+0x6d/0x220 trace_event_buffer_commit+0x5c/0x260 trace_event_raw_event_softirq+0x47/0x80 raise_softirq_irqoff+0x6e/0xa0 rcu_read_unlock_special+0xb1/0x160 unwind_next_frame+0x203/0x9b0 __unwind_start+0x15d/0x1c0 arch_stack_walk+0x62/0xf0 stack_trace_save+0x48/0x70 __ftrace_trace_stack.constprop.0+0x144/0x180 trace_buffer_unlock_commit_regs+0x6d/0x220 trace_event_buffer_commit+0x5c/0x260 trace_event_raw_event_softirq+0x47/0x80 raise_softirq_irqoff+0x6e/0xa0 rcu_read_unlock_special+0xb1/0x160 __is_insn_slot_addr+0x54/0x70 kernel_text_address+0x48/0xc0 __kernel_text_address+0xd/0x40 unwind_get_return_address+0x1e/0x40 arch_stack_walk+0x9c/0xf0 stack_trace_save+0x48/0x70 __ftrace_trace_stack.constprop.0+0x144/0x180 trace_buffer_unlock_commit_regs+0x6d/0x220 trace_event_buffer_commit+0x5c/0x260 trace_event_raw_event_softirq+0x47/0x80 __raise_softirq_irqoff+0x61/0x80 __flush_smp_call_function_queue+0x115/0x420 __sysvec_call_function_single+0x17/0xb0 sysvec_call_function_single+0x8c/0xc0 </IRQ> Commit b41642c87716 ("rcu: Fix rcu_read_unlock() deadloop due to IRQ work") fixed the infinite loop in rcu_read_unlock_special() for IRQ work by setting a flag before calling irq_work_queue_on(). We fix this issue by setting the same flag before calling raise_softirq_irqoff() and rename the flag to defer_qs_pending for more common.
Severity
No CVSS data available.
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Linux Linux Affected: 5f5fa7ea89dc82d34ed458f4d7a8634e8e9eefce , < 979c708e6c9d7fc461daef2dad8b45f22e23464c (git)
Affected: 5f5fa7ea89dc82d34ed458f4d7a8634e8e9eefce , < 1f16679a5aa60238466ce339c35f5e82ece60337 (git)
Affected: 5f5fa7ea89dc82d34ed458f4d7a8634e8e9eefce , < 4a4a6e12c9c829be3f74b7206fa8640fc4e1c566 (git)
Affected: 5f5fa7ea89dc82d34ed458f4d7a8634e8e9eefce , < c2932e16d8c354404b17123e64daa8e33191e145 (git)
Affected: 5f5fa7ea89dc82d34ed458f4d7a8634e8e9eefce , < d41e37f26b3157b3f1d10223863519a943aa239b (git)
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Linux Linux Affected: 5.8
Unaffected: 0 , < 5.8 (semver)
Unaffected: 6.6.128 , ≤ 6.6.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.12.75 , ≤ 6.12.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.18.14 , ≤ 6.18.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.19.4 , ≤ 6.19.* (semver)
Unaffected: 7.0 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix)
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{
  "containers": {
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "kernel/rcu/tree.h",
            "kernel/rcu/tree_plugin.h"
          ],
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              "versionType": "git"
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          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
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            "kernel/rcu/tree_plugin.h"
          ],
          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "5.8"
            },
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              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "0",
              "versionType": "semver"
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              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.6.128",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
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              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.12.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.12.75",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.18.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.18.14",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.19.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.19.4",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "7.0",
              "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "cpeApplicability": [
        {
          "nodes": [
            {
              "cpeMatch": [
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.6.128",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "5.8",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.12.75",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "5.8",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.18.14",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "5.8",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.19.4",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "5.8",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "7.0",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "5.8",
                  "vulnerable": true
                }
              ],
              "negate": false,
              "operator": "OR"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nrcu: Fix rcu_read_unlock() deadloop due to softirq\n\nCommit 5f5fa7ea89dc (\"rcu: Don\u0027t use negative nesting depth in\n__rcu_read_unlock()\") removes the recursion-protection code from\n__rcu_read_unlock(). Therefore, we could invoke the deadloop in\nraise_softirq_irqoff() with ftrace enabled as follows:\n\nWARNING: CPU: 0 PID: 0 at kernel/trace/trace.c:3021 __ftrace_trace_stack.constprop.0+0x172/0x180\nModules linked in: my_irq_work(O)\nCPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 0 Comm: swapper/0 Tainted: G O 6.18.0-rc7-dirty #23 PREEMPT(full)\nTainted: [O]=OOT_MODULE\nHardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS 1.15.0-1 04/01/2014\nRIP: 0010:__ftrace_trace_stack.constprop.0+0x172/0x180\nRSP: 0018:ffffc900000034a8 EFLAGS: 00010002\nRAX: 0000000000000000 RBX: 0000000000000004 RCX: 0000000000000000\nRDX: 0000000000000003 RSI: ffffffff826d7b87 RDI: ffffffff826e9329\nRBP: 0000000000090009 R08: 0000000000000005 R09: ffffffff82afbc4c\nR10: 0000000000000008 R11: 0000000000011d7a R12: 0000000000000000\nR13: ffff888003874100 R14: 0000000000000003 R15: ffff8880038c1054\nFS:  0000000000000000(0000) GS:ffff8880fa8ea000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000\nCS:  0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033\nCR2: 000055b31fa7f540 CR3: 00000000078f4005 CR4: 0000000000770ef0\nPKRU: 55555554\nCall Trace:\n \u003cIRQ\u003e\n trace_buffer_unlock_commit_regs+0x6d/0x220\n trace_event_buffer_commit+0x5c/0x260\n trace_event_raw_event_softirq+0x47/0x80\n raise_softirq_irqoff+0x6e/0xa0\n rcu_read_unlock_special+0xb1/0x160\n unwind_next_frame+0x203/0x9b0\n __unwind_start+0x15d/0x1c0\n arch_stack_walk+0x62/0xf0\n stack_trace_save+0x48/0x70\n __ftrace_trace_stack.constprop.0+0x144/0x180\n trace_buffer_unlock_commit_regs+0x6d/0x220\n trace_event_buffer_commit+0x5c/0x260\n trace_event_raw_event_softirq+0x47/0x80\n raise_softirq_irqoff+0x6e/0xa0\n rcu_read_unlock_special+0xb1/0x160\n unwind_next_frame+0x203/0x9b0\n __unwind_start+0x15d/0x1c0\n arch_stack_walk+0x62/0xf0\n stack_trace_save+0x48/0x70\n __ftrace_trace_stack.constprop.0+0x144/0x180\n trace_buffer_unlock_commit_regs+0x6d/0x220\n trace_event_buffer_commit+0x5c/0x260\n trace_event_raw_event_softirq+0x47/0x80\n raise_softirq_irqoff+0x6e/0xa0\n rcu_read_unlock_special+0xb1/0x160\n unwind_next_frame+0x203/0x9b0\n __unwind_start+0x15d/0x1c0\n arch_stack_walk+0x62/0xf0\n stack_trace_save+0x48/0x70\n __ftrace_trace_stack.constprop.0+0x144/0x180\n trace_buffer_unlock_commit_regs+0x6d/0x220\n trace_event_buffer_commit+0x5c/0x260\n trace_event_raw_event_softirq+0x47/0x80\n raise_softirq_irqoff+0x6e/0xa0\n rcu_read_unlock_special+0xb1/0x160\n __is_insn_slot_addr+0x54/0x70\n kernel_text_address+0x48/0xc0\n __kernel_text_address+0xd/0x40\n unwind_get_return_address+0x1e/0x40\n arch_stack_walk+0x9c/0xf0\n stack_trace_save+0x48/0x70\n __ftrace_trace_stack.constprop.0+0x144/0x180\n trace_buffer_unlock_commit_regs+0x6d/0x220\n trace_event_buffer_commit+0x5c/0x260\n trace_event_raw_event_softirq+0x47/0x80\n __raise_softirq_irqoff+0x61/0x80\n __flush_smp_call_function_queue+0x115/0x420\n __sysvec_call_function_single+0x17/0xb0\n sysvec_call_function_single+0x8c/0xc0\n \u003c/IRQ\u003e\n\nCommit b41642c87716 (\"rcu: Fix rcu_read_unlock() deadloop due to IRQ work\")\nfixed the infinite loop in rcu_read_unlock_special() for IRQ work by\nsetting a flag before calling irq_work_queue_on(). We fix this issue by\nsetting the same flag before calling raise_softirq_irqoff() and rename the\nflag to defer_qs_pending for more common."
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-05-27T12:18:13.145Z",
        "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "shortName": "Linux"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/979c708e6c9d7fc461daef2dad8b45f22e23464c"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/1f16679a5aa60238466ce339c35f5e82ece60337"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/4a4a6e12c9c829be3f74b7206fa8640fc4e1c566"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c2932e16d8c354404b17123e64daa8e33191e145"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d41e37f26b3157b3f1d10223863519a943aa239b"
        }
      ],
      "title": "rcu: Fix rcu_read_unlock() deadloop due to softirq",
      "x_generator": {
        "engine": "bippy-1.2.0"
      }
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
    "assignerShortName": "Linux",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-45957",
    "datePublished": "2026-05-27T12:18:13.145Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-05-13T15:03:33.088Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-05-27T12:18:13.145Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2",
  "vulnerability-lookup:meta": {
    "epss": {
      "cve": "CVE-2026-45957",
      "date": "2026-05-29",
      "epss": "0.00018",
      "percentile": "0.05164"
    },
    "nvd": "{\"cve\":{\"id\":\"CVE-2026-45957\",\"sourceIdentifier\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"published\":\"2026-05-27T14:17:12.280\",\"lastModified\":\"2026-05-27T14:48:03.013\",\"vulnStatus\":\"Awaiting Analysis\",\"cveTags\":[],\"descriptions\":[{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\\n\\nrcu: Fix rcu_read_unlock() deadloop due to softirq\\n\\nCommit 5f5fa7ea89dc (\\\"rcu: Don\u0027t use negative nesting depth in\\n__rcu_read_unlock()\\\") removes the recursion-protection code from\\n__rcu_read_unlock(). Therefore, we could invoke the deadloop in\\nraise_softirq_irqoff() with ftrace enabled as follows:\\n\\nWARNING: CPU: 0 PID: 0 at kernel/trace/trace.c:3021 __ftrace_trace_stack.constprop.0+0x172/0x180\\nModules linked in: my_irq_work(O)\\nCPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 0 Comm: swapper/0 Tainted: G O 6.18.0-rc7-dirty #23 PREEMPT(full)\\nTainted: [O]=OOT_MODULE\\nHardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS 1.15.0-1 04/01/2014\\nRIP: 0010:__ftrace_trace_stack.constprop.0+0x172/0x180\\nRSP: 0018:ffffc900000034a8 EFLAGS: 00010002\\nRAX: 0000000000000000 RBX: 0000000000000004 RCX: 0000000000000000\\nRDX: 0000000000000003 RSI: ffffffff826d7b87 RDI: ffffffff826e9329\\nRBP: 0000000000090009 R08: 0000000000000005 R09: ffffffff82afbc4c\\nR10: 0000000000000008 R11: 0000000000011d7a R12: 0000000000000000\\nR13: ffff888003874100 R14: 0000000000000003 R15: ffff8880038c1054\\nFS:  0000000000000000(0000) GS:ffff8880fa8ea000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000\\nCS:  0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033\\nCR2: 000055b31fa7f540 CR3: 00000000078f4005 CR4: 0000000000770ef0\\nPKRU: 55555554\\nCall Trace:\\n \u003cIRQ\u003e\\n trace_buffer_unlock_commit_regs+0x6d/0x220\\n trace_event_buffer_commit+0x5c/0x260\\n trace_event_raw_event_softirq+0x47/0x80\\n raise_softirq_irqoff+0x6e/0xa0\\n rcu_read_unlock_special+0xb1/0x160\\n unwind_next_frame+0x203/0x9b0\\n __unwind_start+0x15d/0x1c0\\n arch_stack_walk+0x62/0xf0\\n stack_trace_save+0x48/0x70\\n __ftrace_trace_stack.constprop.0+0x144/0x180\\n trace_buffer_unlock_commit_regs+0x6d/0x220\\n trace_event_buffer_commit+0x5c/0x260\\n trace_event_raw_event_softirq+0x47/0x80\\n raise_softirq_irqoff+0x6e/0xa0\\n rcu_read_unlock_special+0xb1/0x160\\n unwind_next_frame+0x203/0x9b0\\n __unwind_start+0x15d/0x1c0\\n arch_stack_walk+0x62/0xf0\\n stack_trace_save+0x48/0x70\\n __ftrace_trace_stack.constprop.0+0x144/0x180\\n trace_buffer_unlock_commit_regs+0x6d/0x220\\n trace_event_buffer_commit+0x5c/0x260\\n trace_event_raw_event_softirq+0x47/0x80\\n raise_softirq_irqoff+0x6e/0xa0\\n rcu_read_unlock_special+0xb1/0x160\\n unwind_next_frame+0x203/0x9b0\\n __unwind_start+0x15d/0x1c0\\n arch_stack_walk+0x62/0xf0\\n stack_trace_save+0x48/0x70\\n __ftrace_trace_stack.constprop.0+0x144/0x180\\n trace_buffer_unlock_commit_regs+0x6d/0x220\\n trace_event_buffer_commit+0x5c/0x260\\n trace_event_raw_event_softirq+0x47/0x80\\n raise_softirq_irqoff+0x6e/0xa0\\n rcu_read_unlock_special+0xb1/0x160\\n __is_insn_slot_addr+0x54/0x70\\n kernel_text_address+0x48/0xc0\\n __kernel_text_address+0xd/0x40\\n unwind_get_return_address+0x1e/0x40\\n arch_stack_walk+0x9c/0xf0\\n stack_trace_save+0x48/0x70\\n __ftrace_trace_stack.constprop.0+0x144/0x180\\n trace_buffer_unlock_commit_regs+0x6d/0x220\\n trace_event_buffer_commit+0x5c/0x260\\n trace_event_raw_event_softirq+0x47/0x80\\n __raise_softirq_irqoff+0x61/0x80\\n __flush_smp_call_function_queue+0x115/0x420\\n __sysvec_call_function_single+0x17/0xb0\\n sysvec_call_function_single+0x8c/0xc0\\n \u003c/IRQ\u003e\\n\\nCommit b41642c87716 (\\\"rcu: Fix rcu_read_unlock() deadloop due to IRQ work\\\")\\nfixed the infinite loop in rcu_read_unlock_special() for IRQ work by\\nsetting a flag before calling irq_work_queue_on(). We fix this issue by\\nsetting the same flag before calling raise_softirq_irqoff() and rename the\\nflag to defer_qs_pending for more common.\"}],\"metrics\":{},\"references\":[{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/1f16679a5aa60238466ce339c35f5e82ece60337\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/4a4a6e12c9c829be3f74b7206fa8640fc4e1c566\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/979c708e6c9d7fc461daef2dad8b45f22e23464c\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c2932e16d8c354404b17123e64daa8e33191e145\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d41e37f26b3157b3f1d10223863519a943aa239b\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"}]}}"
  }
}


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