CVE-2026-33601 (GCVE-0-2026-33601)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-22 09:37 – Updated: 2026-04-22 18:10
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Insufficient validation of zonemd record
Summary
If you use the zoneToCache function with a malicious authoritative server, an attacker can send a zone that result in a null pointer dereference, caused by a missing consistency check and leading to a denial of service.
Severity
4.4 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-04-22 17:52 UTC
CWE
- NULL Pointer Dereference
- CWE-476 - NULL Pointer Dereference
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
Date Public
2026-04-21 22:00
{
"containers": {
"adp": [
{
"metrics": [
{
"other": {
"content": {
"id": "CVE-2026-33601",
"options": [
{
"Exploitation": "none"
},
{
"Automatable": "no"
},
{
"Technical Impact": "partial"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2026-04-22T17:52:54.742912Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
},
"type": "ssvc"
}
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-476",
"description": "CWE-476 NULL Pointer Dereference",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-04-22T18:10:44.494Z",
"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"shortName": "CISA-ADP"
},
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"collectionURL": "https://repo.powerdns.com/",
"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
"modules": [
"ZoneMD"
],
"packageName": "pdns-recursor",
"product": "Recursor",
"programFiles": [
"zonemd.cc"
],
"repo": "https://github.com/PowerDNS/pdns",
"vendor": "PowerDNS",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "5.4.1",
"status": "affected",
"version": "5.4.0",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThan": "5.3.6",
"status": "affected",
"version": "5.3.0",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThan": "5.2.9",
"status": "affected",
"version": "5.2.0",
"versionType": "semver"
}
]
}
],
"credits": [
{
"lang": "en",
"type": "finder",
"value": "ylwango613"
}
],
"datePublic": "2026-04-21T22:00:00.000Z",
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"supportingMedia": [
{
"base64": false,
"type": "text/html",
"value": "\u003cp\u003eIf you use the zoneToCache function with a malicious authoritative server, an attacker can send a zone that result in a null pointer dereference, caused by a missing consistency check and leading to a denial of service.\u003c/p\u003e"
}
],
"value": "If you use the zoneToCache function with a malicious authoritative server, an attacker can send a zone that result in a null pointer dereference, caused by a missing consistency check and leading to a denial of service."
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV3_1": {
"attackComplexity": "HIGH",
"attackVector": "NETWORK",
"availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
"baseScore": 4.4,
"baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
"confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
"integrityImpact": "NONE",
"privilegesRequired": "HIGH",
"scope": "UNCHANGED",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"version": "3.1"
},
"format": "CVSS",
"scenarios": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "GENERAL"
}
]
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"description": "NULL Pointer Dereference",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-04-22T09:37:03.448Z",
"orgId": "8ce71d90-2354-404b-a86e-bec2cc4e6981",
"shortName": "OX"
},
"references": [
{
"url": "https://docs.powerdns.com/recursor/security-advisories/powerdns-advisory-powerdns-2026-03.html"
}
],
"source": {
"discovery": "UNKNOWN"
},
"title": "Insufficient validation of zonemd record",
"x_generator": {
"engine": "Vulnogram 1.0.1"
}
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "8ce71d90-2354-404b-a86e-bec2cc4e6981",
"assignerShortName": "OX",
"cveId": "CVE-2026-33601",
"datePublished": "2026-04-22T09:37:03.448Z",
"dateReserved": "2026-03-23T12:57:56.815Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-04-22T18:10:44.494Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2",
"vulnerability-lookup:meta": {
"epss": {
"cve": "CVE-2026-33601",
"date": "2026-10-31",
"epss": "0.00512",
"percentile": "0.43707"
},
"nvd": {
"cve": {
"affected": [
{
"affectedData": [
{
"collectionURL": "https://repo.powerdns.com/",
"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
"modules": [
"ZoneMD"
],
"packageName": "pdns-recursor",
"product": "Recursor",
"programFiles": [
"zonemd.cc"
],
"repo": "https://github.com/PowerDNS/pdns",
"vendor": "PowerDNS",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "5.4.1",
"status": "affected",
"version": "5.4.0",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThan": "5.3.6",
"status": "affected",
"version": "5.3.0",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThan": "5.2.9",
"status": "affected",
"version": "5.2.0",
"versionType": "semver"
}
]
}
],
"source": "security@open-xchange.com"
}
],
"configurations": [
{
"nodes": [
{
"cpeMatch": [
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:powerdns:recursor:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"matchCriteriaId": "EBDA7C62-FAD4-470C-A6FE-4CF19B0BD4AD",
"versionEndExcluding": "5.2.9",
"versionStartIncluding": "5.2.0",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:powerdns:recursor:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"matchCriteriaId": "9F7AC884-348F-47B1-8853-49BFEDBEA9EA",
"versionEndExcluding": "5.3.6",
"versionStartIncluding": "5.3.0",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:powerdns:recursor:5.4.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"matchCriteriaId": "4B201BAD-5A74-45E9-91FD-5E950BA18BF3",
"vulnerable": true
}
],
"negate": false,
"operator": "OR"
}
]
}
],
"cveTags": [],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "If you use the zoneToCache function with a malicious authoritative server, an attacker can send a zone that result in a null pointer dereference, caused by a missing consistency check and leading to a denial of service."
},
{
"lang": "es",
"value": "Si utiliza la funci\u00f3n zoneToCache con un servidor autoritativo malicioso, un atacante puede enviar una zona que resulta en una desreferencia de puntero nulo, causada por una comprobaci\u00f3n de coherencia faltante y que conduce a una denegaci\u00f3n de servicio."
}
],
"id": "CVE-2026-33601",
"lastModified": "2026-10-26T00:10:00.150",
"metrics": {
"cvssMetricV31": [
{
"cvssData": {
"attackComplexity": "HIGH",
"attackVector": "NETWORK",
"availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
"baseScore": 4.4,
"baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
"confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
"integrityImpact": "NONE",
"privilegesRequired": "HIGH",
"scope": "UNCHANGED",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"version": "3.1"
},
"exploitabilityScore": 0.7,
"impactScore": 3.6,
"source": "security@open-xchange.com",
"type": "Secondary"
},
{
"cvssData": {
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackVector": "NETWORK",
"availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
"baseScore": 4.9,
"baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
"confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
"integrityImpact": "NONE",
"privilegesRequired": "HIGH",
"scope": "UNCHANGED",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"version": "3.1"
},
"exploitabilityScore": 1.2,
"impactScore": 3.6,
"source": "nvd@nist.gov",
"type": "Primary"
}
],
"ssvcV203": [
{
"source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"ssvcData": {
"id": "CVE-2026-33601",
"options": [
{
"exploitation": "none"
},
{
"automatable": "no"
},
{
"technicalImpact": "partial"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2026-04-22T17:52:54.742912Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
}
}
]
},
"published": "2026-04-22T10:16:52.223",
"references": [
{
"source": "security@open-xchange.com",
"tags": [
"Broken Link",
"Vendor Advisory"
],
"url": "https://docs.powerdns.com/recursor/security-advisories/powerdns-advisory-powerdns-2026-03.html"
}
],
"sourceIdentifier": "security@open-xchange.com",
"vulnStatus": "Analyzed",
"weaknesses": [
{
"description": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "CWE-476"
}
],
"source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"type": "Secondary"
}
]
}
},
"redhat_vex": {
"current_release_date": "2026-06-28T07:30:22+00:00",
"cve": "CVE-2026-33601",
"id": "CVE-2026-33601",
"initial_release_date": "2026-04-22T09:37:03.448000+00:00",
"product_status:known_not_affected": "1",
"source": "Red Hat CSAF VEX",
"status": "final",
"title": "pdns-recursor: insufficient validation of ZONEMD record",
"url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2026/cve-2026-33601.json",
"version": "3"
},
"vulnrichment": {
"containers": {
"adp": [
{
"metrics": [
{
"other": {
"content": {
"id": "CVE-2026-33601",
"options": [
{
"Exploitation": "none"
},
{
"Automatable": "no"
},
{
"Technical Impact": "partial"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2026-04-22T17:52:54.742912Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
},
"type": "ssvc"
}
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-476",
"description": "CWE-476 NULL Pointer Dereference",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-04-22T18:00:19.125Z",
"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"shortName": "CISA-ADP"
},
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"collectionURL": "https://repo.powerdns.com/",
"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
"modules": [
"ZoneMD"
],
"packageName": "pdns-recursor",
"product": "Recursor",
"programFiles": [
"zonemd.cc"
],
"repo": "https://github.com/PowerDNS/pdns",
"vendor": "PowerDNS",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "5.4.1",
"status": "affected",
"version": "5.4.0",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThan": "5.3.6",
"status": "affected",
"version": "5.3.0",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThan": "5.2.9",
"status": "affected",
"version": "5.2.0",
"versionType": "semver"
}
]
}
],
"credits": [
{
"lang": "en",
"type": "finder",
"value": "ylwango613"
}
],
"datePublic": "2026-04-21T22:00:00.000Z",
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"supportingMedia": [
{
"base64": false,
"type": "text/html",
"value": "\u003cp\u003eIf you use the zoneToCache function with a malicious authoritative server, an attacker can send a zone that result in a null pointer dereference, caused by a missing consistency check and leading to a denial of service.\u003c/p\u003e"
}
],
"value": "If you use the zoneToCache function with a malicious authoritative server, an attacker can send a zone that result in a null pointer dereference, caused by a missing consistency check and leading to a denial of service."
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV3_1": {
"attackComplexity": "HIGH",
"attackVector": "NETWORK",
"availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
"baseScore": 4.4,
"baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
"confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
"integrityImpact": "NONE",
"privilegesRequired": "HIGH",
"scope": "UNCHANGED",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"version": "3.1"
},
"format": "CVSS",
"scenarios": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "GENERAL"
}
]
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"description": "NULL Pointer Dereference",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-04-22T09:37:03.448Z",
"orgId": "8ce71d90-2354-404b-a86e-bec2cc4e6981",
"shortName": "OX"
},
"references": [
{
"url": "https://docs.powerdns.com/recursor/security-advisories/powerdns-advisory-powerdns-2026-03.html"
}
],
"source": {
"discovery": "UNKNOWN"
},
"title": "Insufficient validation of zonemd record",
"x_generator": {
"engine": "Vulnogram 1.0.1"
}
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "8ce71d90-2354-404b-a86e-bec2cc4e6981",
"assignerShortName": "OX",
"cveId": "CVE-2026-33601",
"datePublished": "2026-04-22T09:37:03.448Z",
"dateReserved": "2026-03-23T12:57:56.815Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-04-22T18:10:44.494Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}
}
}
Loading…
Loading…
Drag nodes to arrange them. Double-click a related vulnerability to open it, or a source to visit its link. The Physics button on the left tunes the layout and the simulation; the legend at the bottom left hides or shows nodes by kind and by sighting type.
Experimental. This forecast is provided for visualization only and may change without notice. Do not use it for operational decisions.
Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.
Sightings
| Author | Source | Type | Date | Other |
|---|
Nomenclature
- Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
- Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
- Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
- Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
- Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Vulnerability timeline
Sightings and recorded dates, grouped by day · UTC
Loading timeline…
Loading…
Loading…
The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the
vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base
model, served locally by ML-Gateway.
They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.
Loading…
Related by attack behaviour
Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.