CVE-2026-31576 (GCVE-0-2026-31576)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-24 14:42 – Updated: 2026-04-24 14:42
VLAI?
Title
media: hackrf: fix to not free memory after the device is registered in hackrf_probe()
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: media: hackrf: fix to not free memory after the device is registered in hackrf_probe() In hackrf driver, the following race condition occurs: ``` CPU0 CPU1 hackrf_probe() kzalloc(); // alloc hackrf_dev .... v4l2_device_register(); .... fd = sys_open("/path/to/dev"); // open hackrf fd .... v4l2_device_unregister(); .... kfree(); // free hackrf_dev .... sys_ioctl(fd, ...); v4l2_ioctl(); video_is_registered() // UAF!! .... sys_close(fd); v4l2_release() // UAF!! hackrf_video_release() kfree(); // DFB!! ``` When a V4L2 or video device is unregistered, the device node is removed so new open() calls are blocked. However, file descriptors that are already open-and any in-flight I/O-do not terminate immediately; they remain valid until the last reference is dropped and the driver's release() is invoked. Therefore, freeing device memory on the error path after hackrf_probe() has registered dev it will lead to a race to use-after-free vuln, since those already-open handles haven't been released yet. And since release() free memory too, race to use-after-free and double-free vuln occur. To prevent this, if device is registered from probe(), it should be modified to free memory only through release() rather than calling kfree() directly.
Severity ?
No CVSS data available.
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Linux Linux Affected: 1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 , < 98a0a81ce78020c2522e0046f49d200de9778cb9 (git)
Affected: 1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 , < 07e9e674b6146b1f6fc41b1f54b8968bf2802824 (git)
Affected: 1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 , < 2145c71a8044362e82e9923f001ba2aeb771b848 (git)
Affected: 1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 , < fcd1d70792a35c8a97414fe429f48311e41269c2 (git)
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    Linux Linux Unaffected: 6.12.83 , ≤ 6.12.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.18.24 , ≤ 6.18.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.19.14 , ≤ 6.19.* (semver)
Unaffected: 7.0.1 , ≤ 7.0.* (semver)
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{
  "containers": {
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "drivers/media/usb/hackrf/hackrf.c"
          ],
          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "versions": [
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              "status": "affected",
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              "versionType": "git"
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              "versionType": "git"
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              "versionType": "git"
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              "status": "affected",
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              "versionType": "git"
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          ]
        },
        {
          "defaultStatus": "affected",
          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "drivers/media/usb/hackrf/hackrf.c"
          ],
          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "vendor": "Linux",
          "versions": [
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              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.12.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.12.83",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.18.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.18.24",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.19.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.19.14",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "7.0.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "7.0.1",
              "versionType": "semver"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "cpeApplicability": [
        {
          "nodes": [
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                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.12.83",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.18.24",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
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                  "versionEndExcluding": "6.19.14",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "7.0.1",
                  "vulnerable": true
                }
              ],
              "negate": false,
              "operator": "OR"
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      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nmedia: hackrf: fix to not free memory after the device is registered in hackrf_probe()\n\nIn hackrf driver, the following race condition occurs:\n```\n\t\tCPU0\t\t\t\t\t\tCPU1\nhackrf_probe()\n  kzalloc(); // alloc hackrf_dev\n  ....\n  v4l2_device_register();\n  ....\n\t\t\t\t\t\tfd = sys_open(\"/path/to/dev\"); // open hackrf fd\n\t\t\t\t\t\t....\n  v4l2_device_unregister();\n  ....\n  kfree(); // free hackrf_dev\n  ....\n\t\t\t\t\t\tsys_ioctl(fd, ...);\n\t\t\t\t\t\t  v4l2_ioctl();\n\t\t\t\t\t\t    video_is_registered() // UAF!!\n\t\t\t\t\t\t....\n\t\t\t\t\t\tsys_close(fd);\n\t\t\t\t\t\t  v4l2_release() // UAF!!\n\t\t\t\t\t\t    hackrf_video_release()\n\t\t\t\t\t\t      kfree(); // DFB!!\n```\n\nWhen a V4L2 or video device is unregistered, the device node is removed so\nnew open() calls are blocked.\n\nHowever, file descriptors that are already open-and any in-flight I/O-do\nnot terminate immediately; they remain valid until the last reference is\ndropped and the driver\u0027s release() is invoked.\n\nTherefore, freeing device memory on the error path after hackrf_probe()\nhas registered dev it will lead to a race to use-after-free vuln, since\nthose already-open handles haven\u0027t been released yet.\n\nAnd since release() free memory too, race to use-after-free and\ndouble-free vuln occur.\n\nTo prevent this, if device is registered from probe(), it should be\nmodified to free memory only through release() rather than calling\nkfree() directly."
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-04-24T14:42:08.188Z",
        "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "shortName": "Linux"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/98a0a81ce78020c2522e0046f49d200de9778cb9"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/07e9e674b6146b1f6fc41b1f54b8968bf2802824"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/2145c71a8044362e82e9923f001ba2aeb771b848"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/fcd1d70792a35c8a97414fe429f48311e41269c2"
        }
      ],
      "title": "media: hackrf: fix to not free memory after the device is registered in hackrf_probe()",
      "x_generator": {
        "engine": "bippy-1.2.0"
      }
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
    "assignerShortName": "Linux",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-31576",
    "datePublished": "2026-04-24T14:42:08.188Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-03-09T15:48:24.119Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-04-24T14:42:08.188Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2",
  "vulnerability-lookup:meta": {
    "epss": {
      "cve": "CVE-2026-31576",
      "date": "2026-04-25",
      "epss": "0.00018",
      "percentile": "0.04621"
    },
    "nvd": "{\"cve\":{\"id\":\"CVE-2026-31576\",\"sourceIdentifier\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"published\":\"2026-04-24T15:16:32.230\",\"lastModified\":\"2026-04-24T17:51:40.810\",\"vulnStatus\":\"Awaiting Analysis\",\"cveTags\":[],\"descriptions\":[{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\\n\\nmedia: hackrf: fix to not free memory after the device is registered in hackrf_probe()\\n\\nIn hackrf driver, the following race condition occurs:\\n```\\n\\t\\tCPU0\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\tCPU1\\nhackrf_probe()\\n  kzalloc(); // alloc hackrf_dev\\n  ....\\n  v4l2_device_register();\\n  ....\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\tfd = sys_open(\\\"/path/to/dev\\\"); // open hackrf fd\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t....\\n  v4l2_device_unregister();\\n  ....\\n  kfree(); // free hackrf_dev\\n  ....\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\tsys_ioctl(fd, ...);\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t  v4l2_ioctl();\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t    video_is_registered() // UAF!!\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t....\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\tsys_close(fd);\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t  v4l2_release() // UAF!!\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t    hackrf_video_release()\\n\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t      kfree(); // DFB!!\\n```\\n\\nWhen a V4L2 or video device is unregistered, the device node is removed so\\nnew open() calls are blocked.\\n\\nHowever, file descriptors that are already open-and any in-flight I/O-do\\nnot terminate immediately; they remain valid until the last reference is\\ndropped and the driver\u0027s release() is invoked.\\n\\nTherefore, freeing device memory on the error path after hackrf_probe()\\nhas registered dev it will lead to a race to use-after-free vuln, since\\nthose already-open handles haven\u0027t been released yet.\\n\\nAnd since release() free memory too, race to use-after-free and\\ndouble-free vuln occur.\\n\\nTo prevent this, if device is registered from probe(), it should be\\nmodified to free memory only through release() rather than calling\\nkfree() directly.\"}],\"metrics\":{},\"references\":[{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/07e9e674b6146b1f6fc41b1f54b8968bf2802824\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/2145c71a8044362e82e9923f001ba2aeb771b848\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/98a0a81ce78020c2522e0046f49d200de9778cb9\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/fcd1d70792a35c8a97414fe429f48311e41269c2\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"}]}}"
  }
}


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