CVE-2026-19548 (GCVE-0-2026-19548)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-12 15:51 – Updated: 2026-08-12 16:53
VLAI
Title
Binutils: binutils: multiple use-after-free in add_archive_element via lto plugin processing
Summary
Multiple Use-After-Free vulnerabilities were found in the add_archive_element function in ld/ldmain.c of the GNU linker (ld), a component of binutils. The root cause is that plugin_maybe_claim() in ld/plugin.c frees the original BFD object via bfd_close/_bfd_delete_bfd when entry->the_bfd->my_archive == NULL, but the caller retains both the original abfd parameter and a shallow copy (orig_input.the_bfd) as dangling pointers. These dangling pointers are subsequently dereferenced at three distinct locations in add_archive_element: 1. Line ~1442: accessing abfd->my_archive via bfd_usrdata(abfd->my_archive) 2. Line ~1493: multiple accesses to abfd and abfd->my_archive in a conditional check and bfd_get_filename call 3. Line ~1525: dereferencing the shallow copy orig_input.the_bfd->my_archive in trace/verbose logging The vulnerability is triggered when LTO plugins are active (link_info.lto_plugin_active is true) and the input object has abfd->my_archive == NULL, which is a valid state for standalone object files. Red Hat builds binutils with --enable-plugins and --enable-lto, confirming the vulnerable code path is compiled in and reachable. An attacker who can supply a crafted object or archive file to a build process using LTO-enabled linking could exploit this flaw to cause a denial of service (linker crash via segmentation fault). Arbitrary code execution is theoretically possible through heap manipulation but is substantially mitigated by hardening measures including stack protector, FORTIFY_SOURCE, ASLR, and PIE. The attack surface is limited to build-time environments — the linker is a development tool not exposed in production runtime. The most realistic exploitation scenario is a supply chain attack introducing a crafted object file as a build dependency in CI/CD pipelines or development environments.
Severity
5.5 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-12 16:52 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
URL Tags
https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-19548 vdb-entryx_refsource_REDHAT
https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2507832 issue-trackingx_refsource_REDHAT
Impacted products
Date Public
2026-08-12 13:40
Credits
Red Hat would like to thank Xuqing Yang (Individual Security Researcher (rigelyoung@icloud.com)) for reporting this issue.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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\"Red Hat\", \"product\": \"Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9\", \"packageName\": \"gcc-toolset-15-binutils\", \"collectionURL\": \"https://access.redhat.com/downloads/content/package-browser/\", \"defaultStatus\": \"affected\"}, {\"cpes\": [\"cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9\"], \"vendor\": \"Red Hat\", \"product\": \"Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9\", \"packageName\": \"gcc-toolset-16-binutils\", \"collectionURL\": \"https://access.redhat.com/downloads/content/package-browser/\", \"defaultStatus\": \"affected\"}, {\"cpes\": [\"cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9\"], \"vendor\": \"Red Hat\", \"product\": \"Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9\", \"packageName\": \"mingw-binutils\", \"collectionURL\": \"https://access.redhat.com/downloads/content/package-browser/\", \"defaultStatus\": \"affected\"}, {\"cpes\": [\"cpe:/a:redhat:hummingbird:1\"], \"vendor\": \"Red Hat\", \"product\": \"Red Hat Hardened Images\", \"packageName\": \"binutils\", \"collectionURL\": \"https://access.redhat.com/downloads/content/package-browser/\", \"defaultStatus\": \"affected\"}, {\"cpes\": [\"cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4\"], \"vendor\": \"Red Hat\", \"product\": \"Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4\", \"packageName\": \"rhcos\", \"collectionURL\": \"https://access.redhat.com/downloads/content/package-browser/\", \"defaultStatus\": \"affected\"}], \"timeline\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"time\": \"2026-06-10T00:00:00.000Z\", \"value\": \"Reported to Red Hat.\"}, {\"lang\": \"en\", \"time\": \"2026-08-12T13:40:00.000Z\", \"value\": \"Made public.\"}], \"datePublic\": \"2026-08-12T13:40:00.000Z\", \"references\": [{\"url\": \"https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-19548\", \"tags\": [\"vdb-entry\", \"x_refsource_REDHAT\"]}, {\"url\": \"https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2507832\", \"name\": \"RHBZ#2507832\", \"tags\": [\"issue-tracking\", \"x_refsource_REDHAT\"]}], \"workarounds\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"value\": \"Build environments should avoid running LTO-enabled linking (ld with plugin support) against untrusted or externally-supplied object and archive files. The linker is a build-time tool, not present in production runtimes, so the realistic exposure is to CI/CD pipelines and developer workstations that build from untrusted or externally-contributed sources (supply-chain style attack). Standard hardening measures (ASLR, stack protector, FORTIFY_SOURCE, PIE) substantially reduce the likelihood of arbitrary code execution via heap manipulation, limiting the more realistic impact to a linker crash (denial of service).\"}], \"x_generator\": {\"engine\": \"cvelib 1.8.0\"}, \"descriptions\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"value\": \"Multiple Use-After-Free vulnerabilities were found in the add_archive_element function in ld/ldmain.c of the GNU linker (ld), a component of binutils. The root cause is that plugin_maybe_claim() in ld/plugin.c frees the original BFD object via bfd_close/_bfd_delete_bfd when entry-\u003ethe_bfd-\u003emy_archive == NULL, but the caller retains both the original abfd parameter and a shallow copy (orig_input.the_bfd) as dangling pointers. These dangling pointers are subsequently dereferenced at three distinct locations in add_archive_element:\\n\\n1. Line ~1442: accessing abfd-\u003emy_archive via bfd_usrdata(abfd-\u003emy_archive)\\n2. Line ~1493: multiple accesses to abfd and abfd-\u003emy_archive in a conditional check and bfd_get_filename call\\n3. Line ~1525: dereferencing the shallow copy orig_input.the_bfd-\u003emy_archive in trace/verbose logging\\n\\nThe vulnerability is triggered when LTO plugins are active (link_info.lto_plugin_active is true) and the input object has abfd-\u003emy_archive == NULL, which is a valid state for standalone object files. Red Hat builds binutils with --enable-plugins and --enable-lto, confirming the vulnerable code path is compiled in and reachable.\\n\\nAn attacker who can supply a crafted object or archive file to a build process using LTO-enabled linking could exploit this flaw to cause a denial of service (linker crash via segmentation fault). Arbitrary code execution is theoretically possible through heap manipulation but is substantially mitigated by hardening measures including stack protector, FORTIFY_SOURCE, ASLR, and PIE.\\n\\nThe attack surface is limited to build-time environments \\u2014 the linker is a development tool not exposed in production runtime. The most realistic exploitation scenario is a supply chain attack introducing a crafted object file as a build dependency in CI/CD pipelines or development environments.\"}], \"problemTypes\": [{\"descriptions\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"type\": \"CWE\", \"cweId\": \"CWE-416\", \"description\": \"Use After Free\"}]}], \"providerMetadata\": {\"orgId\": \"53f830b8-0a3f-465b-8143-3b8a9948e749\", \"shortName\": \"redhat\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2026-08-12T15:51:39.126Z\"}, \"x_redhatCweChain\": \"CWE-416: Use After Free\"}}",
      "cveMetadata": "{\"cveId\": \"CVE-2026-19548\", \"state\": \"PUBLISHED\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2026-08-12T16:53:47.273Z\", \"dateReserved\": \"2026-08-11T14:15:00.089Z\", \"assignerOrgId\": \"53f830b8-0a3f-465b-8143-3b8a9948e749\", \"datePublished\": \"2026-08-12T15:51:39.126Z\", \"assignerShortName\": \"redhat\"}",
      "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
      "dataVersion": "5.2"
    }
  }
}



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Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.

Sightings

Author Source Type Date Other

Nomenclature

  • Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
  • Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
  • Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
  • Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
  • Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.


Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.