CVE-2026-109518 (GCVE-0-2026-109518)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-11-04 15:49 – Updated: 2026-11-05 04:56
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
APT RCE via hard link reuse
Summary
On Debian, Ubuntu, and derivative Linux distributions, an on-path attacker who can manipulate the HTTP traffic (including a malicious mirror or proxy) between an APT client and an archive server triggered by a package install can trick the client into installing an attacker-controlled unverified package and achieve remote code execution with root privileges.
The vulnerability is caused by the reuse of hard links and requires the client to follow redirects and retry the download of package files. It requires the client to have a non-zero Acquire::Retries configuration setting; the value 3 is the default starting with Debian 12 (bookworm) and Ubuntu 22.04 LTS (Jammy Jellyfish), so older releases are unaffected in a default configuration
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-11-04 00:00 UTC
Assigner
References
4 references
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | CPE status | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Debian | APT |
Affected:
0 , < 1.2.36
(dpkg)
Affected: 1.4.0 , < 1.4.12 (dpkg) Affected: 1.6.0 , < 1.6.19 (dpkg) Affected: 1.8.0 , < 1.8.2.4 (dpkg) Affected: 1.8.3 , ≤ 1.8.5 (dpkg) Affected: 2.0.0 , < 2.0.12 (dpkg) Affected: 2.2.0 , < 2.2.5 (dpkg) Affected: 2.4.0 , < 2.4.15 (dpkg) Affected: 2.6.0 , < 2.6.2 (dpkg) Affected: 2.8.0 , < 2.8.4 (dpkg) Affected: 3.0.0 , < 3.0.4 (dpkg) Affected: 3.2.0 , < 3.2.1 (dpkg) Affected: 3.3.0 , < 3.3.6 (dpkg) |
guessed | |
| Ubuntu | APT |
Affected:
0 , < 1.0.1ubuntu2.24+esm4
(dpkg)
Affected: 1.2.0 , < 1.2.36+esm1 (dpkg) Affected: 1.6.0 , < 1.6.19+esm1 (dpkg) Affected: 2.0.0 , < 2.0.12+esm1 (dpkg) Affected: 2.4.0 , < 2.4.15ubuntu0.1 (dpkg) Affected: 2.8.0 , < 2.8.4ubuntu0.1 (dpkg) Affected: 3.2.0 , < 3.2.1ubuntu0.1 (dpkg) Affected: 3.3.0 , < 3.3.3ubuntu0.1 (dpkg) |
guessed |
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"version": "2.8.0",
"versionType": "dpkg"
},
{
"lessThan": "3.2.1ubuntu0.1",
"status": "affected",
"version": "3.2.0",
"versionType": "dpkg"
},
{
"lessThan": "3.3.3ubuntu0.1",
"status": "affected",
"version": "3.3.0",
"versionType": "dpkg"
}
]
}
],
"credits": [
{
"lang": "en",
"type": "reporter",
"value": "Max Justicz"
},
{
"lang": "en",
"type": "remediation developer",
"value": "Julian Andres Klode"
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "On Debian, Ubuntu, and derivative Linux distributions, an on-path attacker who can manipulate the HTTP traffic (including a malicious mirror or proxy) between an APT client and an archive server triggered by a package install can trick the client into installing an attacker-controlled unverified package and achieve remote code execution with root privileges.\n\n\n\nThe vulnerability is caused by the reuse of hard links and requires the client to follow redirects and retry the download of package files. It requires the client to have a non-zero\u00a0Acquire::Retries configuration setting; the value 3 is the default starting with Debian 12 (bookworm) and Ubuntu 22.04 LTS (Jammy Jellyfish), so older releases are unaffected in a default configuration"
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV4_0": {
"Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED",
"Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED",
"Safety": "NOT_DEFINED",
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackRequirements": "PRESENT",
"attackVector": "NETWORK",
"baseScore": 7.7,
"baseSeverity": "HIGH",
"exploitMaturity": "NOT_DEFINED",
"privilegesRequired": "NONE",
"providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED",
"subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
"subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
"subIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
"userInteraction": "PASSIVE",
"valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED",
"vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:P/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"version": "4.0",
"vulnAvailabilityImpact": "HIGH",
"vulnConfidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
"vulnIntegrityImpact": "HIGH",
"vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED"
},
"format": "CVSS",
"scenarios": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "GENERAL"
}
]
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-62",
"description": "CWE-62 UNIX hard link",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
},
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-367",
"description": "CWE-367 Time-of-check time-of-use (TOCTOU) race condition",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-11-04T15:49:02.951Z",
"orgId": "cc1ad9ee-3454-478d-9317-d3e869d708bc",
"shortName": "canonical"
},
"references": [
{
"tags": [
"vendor-advisory"
],
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-security-announce/2026/msg00526.html"
},
{
"tags": [
"vendor-advisory"
],
"url": "https://ubuntu.com/security/notices/USN-8996-1"
}
],
"title": "APT RCE via hard link reuse",
"x_generator": {
"engine": "cvelib 1.8.0"
}
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "cc1ad9ee-3454-478d-9317-d3e869d708bc",
"assignerShortName": "canonical",
"cveId": "CVE-2026-109518",
"datePublished": "2026-11-04T15:49:02.951Z",
"dateReserved": "2026-10-12T18:44:13.619Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-11-05T04:56:46.536Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}
}
}
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Drag nodes to arrange them. Double-click a related vulnerability to open it, or a source to visit its link. The Physics button on the left tunes the layout and the simulation; the legend at the bottom left hides or shows nodes by kind and by sighting type.
Experimental. This forecast is provided for visualization only and may change without notice. Do not use it for operational decisions.
Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.
Sightings
| Author | Source | Type | Date | Other |
|---|
Nomenclature
- Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
- Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
- Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
- Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
- Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Vulnerability timeline
Sightings and recorded dates, grouped by day · UTC
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The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the
vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base
model, served locally by ML-Gateway.
They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.
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Related by attack behaviour
Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.