Vulnerability-Lookup

CVE-2025-64501 (GCVE-0-2025-64501)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-11-10 21:37 – Updated: 2025-11-12 20:14

Title

ProsemirrorToHtml: Cross-Site Scripting vulnerability through unescaped HTML attribute values

Summary

ProsemirrorToHtml is a JSON converter which takes ProseMirror-compatible JSON and outputs HTML. In versions 0.2.0 and below, the `prosemirror_to_html` gem is vulnerable to Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) attacks through malicious HTML attribute values. While tag content is properly escaped, attribute values are not, allowing attackers to inject arbitrary JavaScript code. Applications that use `prosemirror_to_html` to convert ProseMirror documents to HTML, user-generated ProseMirror content, and end users viewing the rendered HTML output are all at risk of attack. This issue is fixed in version 0.2.1.

Severity

7.6 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:L/A:N

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2025-11-12 17:36 UTC

CWE

CWE-79 - Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')

Assigner

GitHub_M CNA under the mitre root

CNA scorecard C 72/100 over 7830 records in the last 180 days details

References

2 references

URL	Tags
https://github.com/etaminstudio/prosemirror_to_ht…	x_refsource_CONFIRM
https://github.com/etaminstudio/prosemirror_to_ht…	x_refsource_MISC

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version	CPE status
etaminstudio	prosemirror_to_html	Affected: < 0.2.1	guessed

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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FKIE_CVE-2025-64501

Vulnerability from fkie_nvd - Published: 2025-11-10 22:15 - Updated: 2026-10-18 21:10

Severity

7.6 (High) - CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:L/A:N

Summary

References

	URL	Tags
	security-advisories@github.com	https://github.com/etaminstudio/prosemirror_to_html/commit/4d59f94f550bcabeec30d298791bbdd883298ad8
	security-advisories@github.com	https://github.com/etaminstudio/prosemirror_to_html/security/advisories/GHSA-52c5-vh7f-26fx

Impacted products

	Vendor	Product	Version

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "affectedData": [
        {
          "product": "prosemirror_to_html",
          "vendor": "etaminstudio",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
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    },
    {
      "lang": "es",
      "value": "ProsemirrorToHtml es un conversor JSON que toma JSON compatible con ProseMirror y genera HTML. En las versiones 0.2.0 e inferiores, la gema \u0027prosemirror_to_html\u0027 es vulnerable a ataques de cross-site scripting (XSS) a trav\u00e9s de valores de atributos HTML maliciosos. Aunque el contenido de las etiquetas se escapa correctamente, los valores de los atributos no lo est\u00e1n, permitiendo a los atacantes inyectar c\u00f3digo JavaScript arbitrario. Las aplicaciones que utilizan \u0027prosemirror_to_html\u0027 para convertir documentos ProseMirror a HTML, el contenido ProseMirror generado por el usuario y los usuarios finales que visualizan la salida HTML renderizada est\u00e1n todos en riesgo de ataque. Este problema est\u00e1 solucionado en la versi\u00f3n 0.2.1."
    }
  ],
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  "lastModified": "2026-10-18T21:10:00.120",
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GHSA-52C5-VH7F-26FX

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-11-06 15:44 – Updated: 2026-01-23 21:37

Summary

Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) vulnerability through unescaped HTML attribute values

Details

Impact

The prosemirror_to_html gem is vulnerable to Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) attacks through malicious HTML attribute values. While tag content is properly escaped, attribute values are not, allowing attackers to inject arbitrary JavaScript code.

Who is impacted: - Any application using prosemirror_to_html to convert ProseMirror documents to HTML - Applications that process user-generated ProseMirror content are at highest risk - End users viewing the rendered HTML output could have malicious JavaScript executed in their browsers

Attack vectors include: - href attributes with javascript: protocol: <a href="javascript:alert(document.cookie)"> - Event handlers: <div onclick="maliciousCode()"> - onerror attributes on images: <img src=x onerror="alert('XSS')"> - Other HTML attributes that can execute JavaScript

Patches

A fix is currently in development. Users should upgrade to version 0.2.1 or later once released.

The patch escapes all HTML attribute values using CGI.escapeHTML to prevent injection attacks.

Workarounds

Until a patched version is available, users can implement one or more of these mitigations:

Sanitize output: Pass the HTML output through a sanitization library like Sanitize or Loofah:

   html = ProsemirrorToHtml.render(document)
   safe_html = Sanitize.fragment(html, Sanitize::Config::RELAXED)

Implement Content Security Policy (CSP): Add strict CSP headers to prevent inline JavaScript execution:

   Content-Security-Policy: default-src 'self'; script-src 'self'

Input validation: If possible, validate and sanitize ProseMirror documents before conversion to prevent malicious content from entering the system.

References

Vulnerable code: https://github.com/etaminstudio/prosemirror_to_html/blob/ea8beb32f6c37f29f042ba4155ccf18504da716e/lib/prosemirror_to_html.rb#L249
OWASP XSS Prevention Cheat Sheet
CWE-79: Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation

Severity

7.6 (High)


                  
                    CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:L/A:N

Show details on source website

JSON

To clipboard

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    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "### Impact\n\nThe prosemirror_to_html gem is vulnerable to Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) attacks through malicious HTML attribute values. While tag content is properly escaped, attribute values are not, allowing attackers to inject arbitrary JavaScript code.\n\n**Who is impacted:**\n- Any application using prosemirror_to_html to convert ProseMirror documents to HTML\n- Applications that process user-generated ProseMirror content are at highest risk\n- End users viewing the rendered HTML output could have malicious JavaScript executed in their browsers\n\n**Attack vectors include:**\n- `href` attributes with `javascript:` protocol: `\u003ca href=\"javascript:alert(document.cookie)\"\u003e`\n- Event handlers: `\u003cdiv onclick=\"maliciousCode()\"\u003e`\n- `onerror` attributes on images: `\u003cimg src=x onerror=\"alert(\u0027XSS\u0027)\"\u003e`\n- Other HTML attributes that can execute JavaScript\n\n### Patches\n\nA fix is currently in development. Users should upgrade to version **0.2.1** or later once released.\n\nThe patch escapes all HTML attribute values using `CGI.escapeHTML` to prevent injection attacks.\n\n### Workarounds\n\nUntil a patched version is available, users can implement one or more of these mitigations:\n\n1. **Sanitize output**: Pass the HTML output through a sanitization library like [Sanitize](https://github.com/rgrove/sanitize) or [Loofah](https://github.com/flavorjones/loofah):\n```ruby\n   html = ProsemirrorToHtml.render(document)\n   safe_html = Sanitize.fragment(html, Sanitize::Config::RELAXED)\n```\n\n2. **Implement Content Security Policy (CSP)**: Add strict CSP headers to prevent inline JavaScript execution:\n```\n   Content-Security-Policy: default-src \u0027self\u0027; script-src \u0027self\u0027\n```\n\n3. **Input validation**: If possible, validate and sanitize ProseMirror documents before conversion to prevent malicious content from entering the system.\n\n### References\n\n- Vulnerable code: https://github.com/etaminstudio/prosemirror_to_html/blob/ea8beb32f6c37f29f042ba4155ccf18504da716e/lib/prosemirror_to_html.rb#L249\n- [OWASP XSS Prevention Cheat Sheet](https://cheatsheetseries.owasp.org/cheatsheets/Cross_Site_Scripting_Prevention_Cheat_Sheet.html)\n- [CWE-79: Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation](https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/79.html)",
  "id": "GHSA-52c5-vh7f-26fx",
  "modified": "2026-01-23T21:37:34Z",
  "published": "2025-11-06T15:44:35Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/etaminstudio/prosemirror_to_html/security/advisories/GHSA-52c5-vh7f-26fx"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-64501"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/etaminstudio/prosemirror_to_html/commit/4d59f94f550bcabeec30d298791bbdd883298ad8"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/etaminstudio/prosemirror_to_html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/etaminstudio/prosemirror_to_html/blob/ea8beb32f6c37f29f042ba4155ccf18504da716e/lib/prosemirror_to_html.rb#L249"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/rubysec/ruby-advisory-db/blob/master/gems/prosemirror_to_html/CVE-2025-64501.yml"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/rubysec/ruby-advisory-db/blob/master/gems/prosemirror_to_html/GHSA-vfpf-xmwh-8m65.yml"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) vulnerability through unescaped HTML attribute values"
}

Sightings

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The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base model, served locally by ML-Gateway. They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
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CVE-2025-64501 (GCVE-0-2025-64501)

FKIE_CVE-2025-64501

GHSA-52C5-VH7F-26FX

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