CVE-2025-44016 (GCVE-0-2025-44016)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-12-11 11:24 – Updated: 2025-12-11 17:20
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
File Hash Validation Bypass in NomadBranch.exe
Summary
A vulnerability in TeamViewer DEX Client (former 1E client) - Content Distribution Service (NomadBranch.exe) prior version 25.11 for Windows allows malicious actors to bypass file integrity validation via a crafted request. By providing a valid hash for a malicious file, an attacker can cause the service to incorrectly validate and process the file as trusted, enabling arbitrary code execution under the Nomad Branch service context.
Severity
8.8 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-12-11 17:20 UTC
CWE
- CWE-20 - Improper Input Validation
References
1 reference
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | CPE status | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TeamViewer | DEX |
Affected:
0 , < 25.11.0.29
(custom)
Affected: 0 , ≤ 25.9.0.46 (custom) Affected: 0 , ≤ 25.5.0.53 (custom) Affected: 0 , ≤ 24.5.0.69 (custom) |
guessed |
{
"containers": {
"adp": [
{
"metrics": [
{
"other": {
"content": {
"id": "CVE-2025-44016",
"options": [
{
"Exploitation": "none"
},
{
"Automatable": "yes"
},
{
"Technical Impact": "total"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2025-12-11T17:20:04.181566Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
},
"type": "ssvc"
}
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2025-12-11T17:20:33.878Z",
"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"shortName": "CISA-ADP"
},
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
"modules": [
"Content Distribution Service",
"NomadBranch.exe"
],
"platforms": [
"Windows"
],
"product": "DEX",
"vendor": "TeamViewer",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "25.11.0.29",
"status": "affected",
"version": "0",
"versionType": "custom"
},
{
"changes": [
{
"at": "HF-PLTPKG-524",
"status": "unaffected"
}
],
"lessThanOrEqual": "25.9.0.46",
"status": "affected",
"version": "0",
"versionType": "custom"
},
{
"changes": [
{
"at": "HF-PLTPKG-526",
"status": "unaffected"
}
],
"lessThanOrEqual": "25.5.0.53",
"status": "affected",
"version": "0",
"versionType": "custom"
},
{
"changes": [
{
"at": "HF-PLTPKG-525",
"status": "unaffected"
}
],
"lessThanOrEqual": "24.5.0.69",
"status": "affected",
"version": "0",
"versionType": "custom"
}
]
}
],
"credits": [
{
"lang": "en",
"type": "finder",
"value": "Threat Hunt Team of Bank of America"
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"supportingMedia": [
{
"base64": false,
"type": "text/html",
"value": "A vulnerability in TeamViewer DEX Client (former 1E client) - Content Distribution Service (NomadBranch.exe) prior version 25.11 for Windows allows malicious actors to bypass file integrity validation via a crafted request. By providing a valid hash for a malicious file, an attacker can cause the service to incorrectly validate and process the file as trusted, enabling arbitrary code execution under the Nomad Branch service context."
}
],
"value": "A vulnerability in TeamViewer DEX Client (former 1E client) - Content Distribution Service (NomadBranch.exe) prior version 25.11 for Windows allows malicious actors to bypass file integrity validation via a crafted request. By providing a valid hash for a malicious file, an attacker can cause the service to incorrectly validate and process the file as trusted, enabling arbitrary code execution under the Nomad Branch service context."
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV3_1": {
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackVector": "ADJACENT_NETWORK",
"availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
"baseScore": 8.8,
"baseSeverity": "HIGH",
"confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
"integrityImpact": "HIGH",
"privilegesRequired": "NONE",
"scope": "UNCHANGED",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"version": "3.1"
},
"format": "CVSS",
"scenarios": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "GENERAL"
}
]
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-20",
"description": "CWE-20 Improper Input Validation",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2025-12-11T11:24:37.520Z",
"orgId": "13430f76-86eb-43b2-a71c-82c956ef31b6",
"shortName": "TV"
},
"references": [
{
"url": "https://www.teamviewer.com/en/resources/trust-center/security-bulletins/tv-2025-1005/"
}
],
"solutions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"supportingMedia": [
{
"base64": false,
"type": "text/html",
"value": "Update the TeamViewer DEX client to the latest available version."
}
],
"value": "Update the TeamViewer DEX client to the latest available version."
}
],
"source": {
"discovery": "EXTERNAL"
},
"title": "File Hash Validation Bypass in NomadBranch.exe",
"x_generator": {
"engine": "Vulnogram 0.5.0"
}
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "13430f76-86eb-43b2-a71c-82c956ef31b6",
"assignerShortName": "TV",
"cveId": "CVE-2025-44016",
"datePublished": "2025-12-11T11:24:37.520Z",
"dateReserved": "2025-04-30T08:08:15.948Z",
"dateUpdated": "2025-12-11T17:20:33.878Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2",
"vulnerability-lookup:meta": {
"epss": {
"cve": "CVE-2025-44016",
"date": "2026-10-26",
"epss": "0.00301",
"percentile": "0.2263"
},
"nvd": {
"cve": {
"affected": [
{
"affectedData": [
{
"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
"modules": [
"Content Distribution Service",
"NomadBranch.exe"
],
"platforms": [
"Windows"
],
"product": "DEX",
"vendor": "TeamViewer",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "25.11.0.29",
"status": "affected",
"version": "0",
"versionType": "custom"
},
{
"changes": [
{
"at": "HF-PLTPKG-524",
"status": "unaffected"
}
],
"lessThanOrEqual": "25.9.0.46",
"status": "affected",
"version": "0",
"versionType": "custom"
},
{
"changes": [
{
"at": "HF-PLTPKG-526",
"status": "unaffected"
}
],
"lessThanOrEqual": "25.5.0.53",
"status": "affected",
"version": "0",
"versionType": "custom"
},
{
"changes": [
{
"at": "HF-PLTPKG-525",
"status": "unaffected"
}
],
"lessThanOrEqual": "24.5.0.69",
"status": "affected",
"version": "0",
"versionType": "custom"
}
]
}
],
"source": "psirt@teamviewer.com"
}
],
"configurations": [
{
"nodes": [
{
"cpeMatch": [
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:teamviewer:digital_employee_experience:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"matchCriteriaId": "8611FFE2-869F-435C-8FC2-8522C656D4EA",
"versionEndExcluding": "25.11",
"vulnerable": true
}
],
"negate": false,
"operator": "OR"
},
{
"cpeMatch": [
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"matchCriteriaId": "A2572D17-1DE6-457B-99CC-64AFD54487EA",
"vulnerable": false
}
],
"negate": false,
"operator": "OR"
}
],
"operator": "AND"
}
],
"cveTags": [],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "A vulnerability in TeamViewer DEX Client (former 1E client) - Content Distribution Service (NomadBranch.exe) prior version 25.11 for Windows allows malicious actors to bypass file integrity validation via a crafted request. By providing a valid hash for a malicious file, an attacker can cause the service to incorrectly validate and process the file as trusted, enabling arbitrary code execution under the Nomad Branch service context."
},
{
"lang": "es",
"value": "Una vulnerabilidad en TeamViewer DEX Client (anteriormente cliente 1E) - Servicio de Distribuci\u00f3n de Contenido (NomadBranch.exe) anterior a la versi\u00f3n 25.11 para Windows permite a actores maliciosos eludir la validaci\u00f3n de integridad de archivos a trav\u00e9s de una solicitud manipulada. Al proporcionar un hash v\u00e1lido para un archivo malicioso, un atacante puede hacer que el servicio valide y procese incorrectamente el archivo como de confianza, lo que permite la ejecuci\u00f3n de c\u00f3digo arbitrario bajo el contexto del servicio Nomad Branch."
}
],
"id": "CVE-2025-44016",
"lastModified": "2026-10-08T10:10:00.227",
"metrics": {
"cvssMetricV31": [
{
"cvssData": {
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackVector": "ADJACENT_NETWORK",
"availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
"baseScore": 8.8,
"baseSeverity": "HIGH",
"confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
"integrityImpact": "HIGH",
"privilegesRequired": "NONE",
"scope": "UNCHANGED",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"version": "3.1"
},
"exploitabilityScore": 2.8,
"impactScore": 5.9,
"source": "psirt@teamviewer.com",
"type": "Secondary"
}
],
"ssvcV203": [
{
"source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"ssvcData": {
"id": "CVE-2025-44016",
"options": [
{
"exploitation": "none"
},
{
"automatable": "yes"
},
{
"technicalImpact": "total"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2025-12-11T17:20:04.181566Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
}
}
]
},
"published": "2025-12-11T12:16:25.137",
"references": [
{
"source": "psirt@teamviewer.com",
"tags": [
"Vendor Advisory"
],
"url": "https://www.teamviewer.com/en/resources/trust-center/security-bulletins/tv-2025-1005/"
}
],
"sourceIdentifier": "psirt@teamviewer.com",
"vulnStatus": "Analyzed",
"weaknesses": [
{
"description": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "CWE-20"
}
],
"source": "psirt@teamviewer.com",
"type": "Secondary"
},
{
"description": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "NVD-CWE-noinfo"
}
],
"source": "nvd@nist.gov",
"type": "Primary"
}
]
}
},
"redhat_vex": {
"current_release_date": "2025-12-12T12:07:31+00:00",
"cve": "CVE-2025-44016",
"id": "CVE-2025-44016",
"initial_release_date": "2025-01-01T00:00:00+00:00",
"product_status:known_not_affected": "1",
"source": "Red Hat CSAF VEX",
"status": "final",
"title": "File Hash Validation Bypass in NomadBranch.exe",
"url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2025/cve-2025-44016.json",
"version": "3"
},
"vulnrichment": {
"containers": {
"adp": [
{
"metrics": [
{
"other": {
"content": {
"id": "CVE-2025-44016",
"options": [
{
"Exploitation": "none"
},
{
"Automatable": "yes"
},
{
"Technical Impact": "total"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2025-12-11T17:20:04.181566Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
},
"type": "ssvc"
}
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2025-12-11T17:20:08.347Z",
"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"shortName": "CISA-ADP"
},
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
"modules": [
"Content Distribution Service",
"NomadBranch.exe"
],
"platforms": [
"Windows"
],
"product": "DEX",
"vendor": "TeamViewer",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "25.11.0.29",
"status": "affected",
"version": "0",
"versionType": "custom"
},
{
"changes": [
{
"at": "HF-PLTPKG-524",
"status": "unaffected"
}
],
"lessThanOrEqual": "25.9.0.46",
"status": "affected",
"version": "0",
"versionType": "custom"
},
{
"changes": [
{
"at": "HF-PLTPKG-526",
"status": "unaffected"
}
],
"lessThanOrEqual": "25.5.0.53",
"status": "affected",
"version": "0",
"versionType": "custom"
},
{
"changes": [
{
"at": "HF-PLTPKG-525",
"status": "unaffected"
}
],
"lessThanOrEqual": "24.5.0.69",
"status": "affected",
"version": "0",
"versionType": "custom"
}
]
}
],
"credits": [
{
"lang": "en",
"type": "finder",
"value": "Threat Hunt Team of Bank of America"
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"supportingMedia": [
{
"base64": false,
"type": "text/html",
"value": "A vulnerability in TeamViewer DEX Client (former 1E client) - Content Distribution Service (NomadBranch.exe) prior version 25.11 for Windows allows malicious actors to bypass file integrity validation via a crafted request. By providing a valid hash for a malicious file, an attacker can cause the service to incorrectly validate and process the file as trusted, enabling arbitrary code execution under the Nomad Branch service context."
}
],
"value": "A vulnerability in TeamViewer DEX Client (former 1E client) - Content Distribution Service (NomadBranch.exe) prior version 25.11 for Windows allows malicious actors to bypass file integrity validation via a crafted request. By providing a valid hash for a malicious file, an attacker can cause the service to incorrectly validate and process the file as trusted, enabling arbitrary code execution under the Nomad Branch service context."
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV3_1": {
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackVector": "ADJACENT_NETWORK",
"availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
"baseScore": 8.8,
"baseSeverity": "HIGH",
"confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
"integrityImpact": "HIGH",
"privilegesRequired": "NONE",
"scope": "UNCHANGED",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"version": "3.1"
},
"format": "CVSS",
"scenarios": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "GENERAL"
}
]
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-20",
"description": "CWE-20 Improper Input Validation",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2025-12-11T11:24:37.520Z",
"orgId": "13430f76-86eb-43b2-a71c-82c956ef31b6",
"shortName": "TV"
},
"references": [
{
"url": "https://www.teamviewer.com/en/resources/trust-center/security-bulletins/tv-2025-1005/"
}
],
"solutions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"supportingMedia": [
{
"base64": false,
"type": "text/html",
"value": "Update the TeamViewer DEX client to the latest available version."
}
],
"value": "Update the TeamViewer DEX client to the latest available version."
}
],
"source": {
"discovery": "EXTERNAL"
},
"title": "File Hash Validation Bypass in NomadBranch.exe",
"x_generator": {
"engine": "Vulnogram 0.5.0"
}
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "13430f76-86eb-43b2-a71c-82c956ef31b6",
"assignerShortName": "TV",
"cveId": "CVE-2025-44016",
"datePublished": "2025-12-11T11:24:37.520Z",
"dateReserved": "2025-04-30T08:08:15.948Z",
"dateUpdated": "2025-12-11T17:20:33.878Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}
}
}
Loading…
Loading…
Drag nodes to arrange them. Double-click a related vulnerability to open it, or a source to visit its link. The Physics button on the left tunes the layout and the simulation; the legend at the bottom left hides or shows nodes by kind and by sighting type.
Experimental. This forecast is provided for visualization only and may change without notice. Do not use it for operational decisions.
Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.
Sightings
| Author | Source | Type | Date | Other |
|---|
Nomenclature
- Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
- Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
- Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
- Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
- Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Vulnerability timeline
Sightings and recorded dates, grouped by day · UTC
Loading timeline…
Loading…
Loading…
The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the
vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base
model, served locally by ML-Gateway.
They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.
Loading…
Related by attack behaviour
Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.