CVE-2025-40140 (GCVE-0-2025-40140)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-11-12 10:23 – Updated: 2026-08-05 12:08
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
net: usb: Remove disruptive netif_wake_queue in rtl8150_set_multicast
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
net: usb: Remove disruptive netif_wake_queue in rtl8150_set_multicast
syzbot reported WARNING in rtl8150_start_xmit/usb_submit_urb.
This is the sequence of events that leads to the warning:
rtl8150_start_xmit() {
netif_stop_queue();
usb_submit_urb(dev->tx_urb);
}
rtl8150_set_multicast() {
netif_stop_queue();
netif_wake_queue(); <-- wakes up TX queue before URB is done
}
rtl8150_start_xmit() {
netif_stop_queue();
usb_submit_urb(dev->tx_urb); <-- double submission
}
rtl8150_set_multicast being the ndo_set_rx_mode callback should not be
calling netif_stop_queue and notif_start_queue as these handle
TX queue synchronization.
The net core function dev_set_rx_mode handles the synchronization
for rtl8150_set_multicast making it safe to remove these locks.
Severity
8.8 (High)
Assigner
References
8 references
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | CPE status | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Linux | Linux |
Affected:
1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 , < cce3c0e21cdd15bcba5c35d3af1700186de8f187
(git)
Affected: 1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 , < 1a08a37ac03d07a1608a1592791041cac979fbc3 (git) Affected: 1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 , < 54f8ef1a970a8376e5846ed90854decf7c00555d (git) Affected: 1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 , < 114e05344763a102a8844efd96ec06ba99293ccd (git) Affected: 1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 , < 6394bade9daab8e318c165fe43bba012bf13cd8e (git) Affected: 1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 , < 6053e47bbf212b93c051beb4261d7d5a409d0ce3 (git) Affected: 1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 , < 9d72df7f5eac946f853bf49c428c4e87a17d91da (git) Affected: 1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 , < 958baf5eaee394e5fd976979b0791a875f14a179 (git) |
guessed | |
| Linux | Linux |
Affected:
2.6.12
Unaffected: 0 , < 2.6.12 (semver) Unaffected: 5.4.301 , ≤ 5.4.* (semver) Unaffected: 5.10.246 , ≤ 5.10.* (semver) Unaffected: 5.15.195 , ≤ 5.15.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.1.156 , ≤ 6.1.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.6.112 , ≤ 6.6.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.12.53 , ≤ 6.12.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.17.3 , ≤ 6.17.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.18 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix) |
guessed |
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"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nnet: usb: Remove disruptive netif_wake_queue in rtl8150_set_multicast\n\nsyzbot reported WARNING in rtl8150_start_xmit/usb_submit_urb.\nThis is the sequence of events that leads to the warning:\n\nrtl8150_start_xmit() {\n\tnetif_stop_queue();\n\tusb_submit_urb(dev-\u003etx_urb);\n}\n\nrtl8150_set_multicast() {\n\tnetif_stop_queue();\n\tnetif_wake_queue();\t\t\u003c-- wakes up TX queue before URB is done\n}\n\nrtl8150_start_xmit() {\n\tnetif_stop_queue();\n\tusb_submit_urb(dev-\u003etx_urb);\t\u003c-- double submission\n}\n\nrtl8150_set_multicast being the ndo_set_rx_mode callback should not be\ncalling netif_stop_queue and notif_start_queue as these handle\nTX queue synchronization.\n\nThe net core function dev_set_rx_mode handles the synchronization\nfor rtl8150_set_multicast making it safe to remove these locks."
}
],
"metrics": [
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"baseSeverity": "HIGH",
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"version": "3.1"
},
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{
"lang": "en",
"value": "AV:A - The buggy `ndo_set_rx_mode` callback is reachable from an unauthenticated attacker on the same L2 segment: flooding IPv6 Router Advertisements with fresh prefixes drives SLAAC address creation \u2192 `addrconf_join_solict()` \u2192 `ipv6_dev_mc_inc` \u2192 `igmp6_group_added` \u2192 `dev_mc_add` \u2192 `__dev_set_rx_mode` \u2192 `rtl8150_set_multicast`, while the same attacker keeps a TX URB in flight by eliciting ICMP/ARP/RST replies. RAs are link-local and non-routable, so Adjacent rather than Network; the vector is the network stack, not the USB bus.\nAC:L - The attacker controls both sides of the race \u2014 they generate the TX load that guarantees an in-flight URB and drive rx_mode changes at an arbitrary rate \u2014 and the attempt is freely repeatable. The window between `urb-\u003ehcpriv = NULL` and `urb-\u003ecomplete()` in `__usb_hcd_giveback_urb()` is widened further by bulk giveback being deferred to a BH workqueue.\nPR:N - IPv6 Router Advertisement processing is unauthenticated by design and `accept_ra=1` is the default on non-forwarding hosts, so no credentials of any kind are needed on the adjacent path. Even the purely local path requires only an unprivileged `setsockopt(IP_ADD_MEMBERSHIP)` loop with no capabilities.\nUI:N - The kernel processes Router Advertisements and performs the resulting solicited-node multicast joins automatically in softirq on packet receive. No victim action is required at any point.\nS:U - The corruption is confined to kernel memory of the affected host, within the same security authority. No VM, IOMMU, or sandbox boundary is crossed.\nC:H - The use-after-free leaves the HCD DMA-ing from a freed sk_buff data buffer and transmitting its contents onto the attacker\u0027s network segment, directly leaking reallocated kernel heap memory. Per guidance, a UAF also generically warrants C:H because it gives the attacker control over freed-object contents.\nI:H - The double free of an sk_buff corrupts the `skbuff_head_cache` slab freelist, a well-known heap-shaping and arbitrary-write primitive, and the still-queued URB writes/reads memory that can be reallocated to other kernel users mid-transfer.\nA:H - The reported `WARN_ONCE(\"URB submitted while active\")` is a kernel oops and a full panic under `panic_on_warn=1`, which is set in many hardened and production configurations. The UAF and double free crash the kernel outright, and the TX path is additionally left leaking sk_buffs."
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T12:08:02.642Z",
"orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
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{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/958baf5eaee394e5fd976979b0791a875f14a179"
}
],
"title": "net: usb: Remove disruptive netif_wake_queue in rtl8150_set_multicast",
"x_generator": {
"engine": "bippy-1.2.0"
}
}
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"datePublished": "2025-11-12T10:23:24.586Z",
"dateReserved": "2025-04-16T07:20:57.171Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T12:08:02.642Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
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"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nnet: usb: Remove disruptive netif_wake_queue in rtl8150_set_multicast\n\nsyzbot reported WARNING in rtl8150_start_xmit/usb_submit_urb.\nThis is the sequence of events that leads to the warning:\n\nrtl8150_start_xmit() {\n\tnetif_stop_queue();\n\tusb_submit_urb(dev-\u003etx_urb);\n}\n\nrtl8150_set_multicast() {\n\tnetif_stop_queue();\n\tnetif_wake_queue();\t\t\u003c-- wakes up TX queue before URB is done\n}\n\nrtl8150_start_xmit() {\n\tnetif_stop_queue();\n\tusb_submit_urb(dev-\u003etx_urb);\t\u003c-- double submission\n}\n\nrtl8150_set_multicast being the ndo_set_rx_mode callback should not be\ncalling netif_stop_queue and notif_start_queue as these handle\nTX queue synchronization.\n\nThe net core function dev_set_rx_mode handles the synchronization\nfor rtl8150_set_multicast making it safe to remove these locks."
}
],
"id": "CVE-2025-40140",
"lastModified": "2026-07-30T06:24:13.610",
"metrics": {
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{
"cvssData": {
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackVector": "ADJACENT_NETWORK",
"availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
"baseScore": 8.8,
"baseSeverity": "HIGH",
"confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
"integrityImpact": "HIGH",
"privilegesRequired": "NONE",
"scope": "UNCHANGED",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"version": "3.1"
},
"exploitabilityScore": 2.8,
"impactScore": 5.9,
"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
"type": "Secondary"
}
]
},
"published": "2025-11-12T11:15:43.790",
"references": [
{
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"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/114e05344763a102a8844efd96ec06ba99293ccd"
},
{
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"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/1a08a37ac03d07a1608a1592791041cac979fbc3"
},
{
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},
{
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"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/6053e47bbf212b93c051beb4261d7d5a409d0ce3"
},
{
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"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/6394bade9daab8e318c165fe43bba012bf13cd8e"
},
{
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"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/958baf5eaee394e5fd976979b0791a875f14a179"
},
{
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"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/9d72df7f5eac946f853bf49c428c4e87a17d91da"
},
{
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"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/cce3c0e21cdd15bcba5c35d3af1700186de8f187"
}
],
"sourceIdentifier": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
"vulnStatus": "Deferred"
}
},
"redhat_vex": {
"aggregate_severity": "Moderate",
"current_release_date": "2026-07-30T08:48:27+00:00",
"cve": "CVE-2025-40140",
"id": "CVE-2025-40140",
"initial_release_date": "2025-11-12T00:00:00+00:00",
"product_status:known_affected": "274",
"source": "Red Hat CSAF VEX",
"status": "final",
"title": "kernel: net: usb: Remove disruptive netif_wake_queue in rtl8150_set_multicast",
"url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2025/cve-2025-40140.json",
"version": "3"
}
}
}
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Experimental. This forecast is provided for visualization only and may change without notice. Do not use it for operational decisions.
Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.
Sightings
| Author | Source | Type | Date | Other |
|---|
Nomenclature
- Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
- Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
- Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
- Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
- Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
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The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the
vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base
model, served locally by ML-Gateway.
They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.
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Related by attack behaviour
Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.
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