CVE-2025-40043 (GCVE-0-2025-40043)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-10-28 11:48 – Updated: 2026-08-05 12:07
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
net: nfc: nci: Add parameter validation for packet data
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
net: nfc: nci: Add parameter validation for packet data
Syzbot reported an uninitialized value bug in nci_init_req, which was
introduced by commit 5aca7966d2a7 ("Merge tag
'perf-tools-fixes-for-v6.17-2025-09-16' of
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/perf/perf-tools").
This bug arises due to very limited and poor input validation
that was done at nic_valid_size(). This validation only
validates the skb->len (directly reflects size provided at the
userspace interface) with the length provided in the buffer
itself (interpreted as NCI_HEADER). This leads to the processing
of memory content at the address assuming the correct layout
per what opcode requires there. This leads to the accesses to
buffer of `skb_buff->data` which is not assigned anything yet.
Following the same silent drop of packets of invalid sizes at
`nic_valid_size()`, add validation of the data in the respective
handlers and return error values in case of failure. Release
the skb if error values are returned from handlers in
`nci_nft_packet` and effectively do a silent drop
Possible TODO: because we silently drop the packets, the
call to `nci_request` will be waiting for completion of request
and will face timeouts. These timeouts can get excessively logged
in the dmesg. A proper handling of them may require to export
`nci_request_cancel` (or propagate error handling from the
nft packets handlers).
Severity
8.8 (High)
Assigner
References
6 references
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | CPE status | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Linux | Linux |
Affected:
6a2968aaf50c7a22fced77a5e24aa636281efca8 , < 8fcc7315a10a84264e55bb65ede10f0af20a983f
(git)
Affected: 6a2968aaf50c7a22fced77a5e24aa636281efca8 , < bfdda0123dde406dbff62e7e9136037e97998a15 (git) Affected: 6a2968aaf50c7a22fced77a5e24aa636281efca8 , < 0ba68bea1e356f466ad29449938bea12f5f3711f (git) Affected: 6a2968aaf50c7a22fced77a5e24aa636281efca8 , < 74837bca0748763a77f77db47a0bdbe63b347628 (git) Affected: 6a2968aaf50c7a22fced77a5e24aa636281efca8 , < c395d1e548cc68e84584ffa2e3ca9796a78bf7b9 (git) Affected: 6a2968aaf50c7a22fced77a5e24aa636281efca8 , < 9c328f54741bd5465ca1dc717c84c04242fac2e1 (git) |
guessed | |
| Linux | Linux |
Affected:
3.2
Unaffected: 0 , < 3.2 (semver) Unaffected: 5.15.195 , ≤ 5.15.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.1.156 , ≤ 6.1.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.6.112 , ≤ 6.6.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.12.53 , ≤ 6.12.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.17.3 , ≤ 6.17.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.18 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix) |
guessed |
{
"containers": {
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
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"programFiles": [
"net/nfc/nci/ntf.c"
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"vendor": "Linux",
"versions": [
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"version": "3.2"
},
{
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"status": "unaffected",
"version": "0",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
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"status": "unaffected",
"version": "5.15.195",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
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"status": "unaffected",
"version": "6.1.156",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "6.6.*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "6.6.112",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "6.12.*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "6.12.53",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "6.17.*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "6.17.3",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "*",
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "6.18",
"versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
}
]
}
],
"cpeApplicability": [
{
"nodes": [
{
"cpeMatch": [
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
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},
{
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{
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{
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},
{
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"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nnet: nfc: nci: Add parameter validation for packet data\n\nSyzbot reported an uninitialized value bug in nci_init_req, which was\nintroduced by commit 5aca7966d2a7 (\"Merge tag\n\u0027perf-tools-fixes-for-v6.17-2025-09-16\u0027 of\ngit://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/perf/perf-tools\").\n\nThis bug arises due to very limited and poor input validation\nthat was done at nic_valid_size(). This validation only\nvalidates the skb-\u003elen (directly reflects size provided at the\nuserspace interface) with the length provided in the buffer\nitself (interpreted as NCI_HEADER). This leads to the processing\nof memory content at the address assuming the correct layout\nper what opcode requires there. This leads to the accesses to\nbuffer of `skb_buff-\u003edata` which is not assigned anything yet.\n\nFollowing the same silent drop of packets of invalid sizes at\n`nic_valid_size()`, add validation of the data in the respective\nhandlers and return error values in case of failure. Release\nthe skb if error values are returned from handlers in\n`nci_nft_packet` and effectively do a silent drop\n\nPossible TODO: because we silently drop the packets, the\ncall to `nci_request` will be waiting for completion of request\nand will face timeouts. These timeouts can get excessively logged\nin the dmesg. A proper handling of them may require to export\n`nci_request_cancel` (or propagate error handling from the\nnft packets handlers)."
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV3_1": {
"baseScore": 8.8,
"baseSeverity": "HIGH",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"version": "3.1"
},
"scenarios": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "AV:A - The parsed data is NCI notification payload whose RF-specific and activation parameters (ATS/RATS length byte, ATR_RES length, tech-specific params) originate from the contactless peer, so an attacker with a spoofed card or NFC emulator in proximity of a phone/POS/embedded reader supplies the malformed lengths. NFC proximity is Adjacent per kernel scoring guidance (a local unprivileged N_NCI-ldisc path also exists, but is strictly lower severity).\nAC:L - The attacker directly controls the length byte versus actual payload length and can present the malformed card/frame repeatedly until the target polls it; no race, no unpredictable memory-layout precondition is required.\nPR:N - No credentials or account on the target are needed \u2014 NFC polling activates and parses the notification automatically, and on the local variant `NCIUARTSETDRIVER` in nci_uart_tty_ioctl() has no capability check at all.\nUI:N - The NFC stack polls and processes discovery/activation notifications autonomously; the attacker brings the hostile device into range and the victim performs no action.\nS:U - The over-read, the write-back in the credits handler, and the leaked data all stay within the kernel\u0027s own security authority; no VM, IOMMU, or sandbox boundary is crossed.\nC:H - Tens of bytes past the payload \u2014 uninitialized slab tailroom and skb_shared_info, which holds kernel pointers \u2014 are copied into nfcid1/sens_res/ATS and exported to userspace via NFC netlink attributes, yielding stale-heap and kernel-pointer disclosure usable for KASLR defeat.\nI:H - `nci_core_conn_credits_ntf_packet()` writes masked bytes back into memory beyond the validated payload for up to 10 entries and adds an out-of-bounds byte into conn_info-\u003ecredits_cnt, and unvalidated data populates ndev state (nci_ver, manufact_id, remote_gb, credits), giving attacker-shapeable kernel memory/state corruption.\nA:H - Out-of-bounds slab reads can hit a redzone/adjacent object and oops (KASAN/panic_on_oops), and the commit itself notes the resulting dropped packets leave nci_request() blocking until timeout with repeated dmesg flooding, degrading the NFC stack."
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T12:07:16.234Z",
"orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
"shortName": "Linux"
},
"references": [
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"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/8fcc7315a10a84264e55bb65ede10f0af20a983f"
},
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/bfdda0123dde406dbff62e7e9136037e97998a15"
},
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/0ba68bea1e356f466ad29449938bea12f5f3711f"
},
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/74837bca0748763a77f77db47a0bdbe63b347628"
},
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"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c395d1e548cc68e84584ffa2e3ca9796a78bf7b9"
},
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/9c328f54741bd5465ca1dc717c84c04242fac2e1"
}
],
"title": "net: nfc: nci: Add parameter validation for packet data",
"x_generator": {
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"assignerShortName": "Linux",
"cveId": "CVE-2025-40043",
"datePublished": "2025-10-28T11:48:22.230Z",
"dateReserved": "2025-04-16T07:20:57.154Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T12:07:16.234Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2",
"vulnerability-lookup:meta": {
"epss": {
"cve": "CVE-2025-40043",
"date": "2026-10-27",
"epss": "0.00314",
"percentile": "0.24198"
},
"microsoft_vex": {
"current_release_date": "2025-10-29T01:03:54.000Z",
"cve": "CVE-2025-40043",
"id": "msrc_CVE-2025-40043",
"initial_release_date": "2025-10-02T00:00:00.000Z",
"product_status:known_not_affected": "1",
"source": "Microsoft CSAF VEX",
"status": "final",
"title": "net: nfc: nci: Add parameter validation for packet data",
"url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/csaf/vex/2025/msrc_cve-2025-40043.json",
"version": "1"
},
"nvd": {
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{
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{
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"status": "unaffected",
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"cveTags": [],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nnet: nfc: nci: Add parameter validation for packet data\n\nSyzbot reported an uninitialized value bug in nci_init_req, which was\nintroduced by commit 5aca7966d2a7 (\"Merge tag\n\u0027perf-tools-fixes-for-v6.17-2025-09-16\u0027 of\ngit://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/perf/perf-tools\").\n\nThis bug arises due to very limited and poor input validation\nthat was done at nic_valid_size(). This validation only\nvalidates the skb-\u003elen (directly reflects size provided at the\nuserspace interface) with the length provided in the buffer\nitself (interpreted as NCI_HEADER). This leads to the processing\nof memory content at the address assuming the correct layout\nper what opcode requires there. This leads to the accesses to\nbuffer of `skb_buff-\u003edata` which is not assigned anything yet.\n\nFollowing the same silent drop of packets of invalid sizes at\n`nic_valid_size()`, add validation of the data in the respective\nhandlers and return error values in case of failure. Release\nthe skb if error values are returned from handlers in\n`nci_nft_packet` and effectively do a silent drop\n\nPossible TODO: because we silently drop the packets, the\ncall to `nci_request` will be waiting for completion of request\nand will face timeouts. These timeouts can get excessively logged\nin the dmesg. A proper handling of them may require to export\n`nci_request_cancel` (or propagate error handling from the\nnft packets handlers)."
},
{
"lang": "es",
"value": "En el kernel de Linux, la siguiente vulnerabilidad ha sido resuelta:\n\nnet: nfc: nci: A\u00f1adir validaci\u00f3n de par\u00e1metros para datos de paquete\n\nSyzbot inform\u00f3 un error de valor no inicializado en nci_init_req, que fue introducido por el commit 5aca7966d2a7 (\u0027Fusionar etiqueta \u0027perf-tools-fixes-for-v6.17-2025-09-16\u0027 de git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/perf/perf-tools\u0027).\n\nEste error surge debido a una validaci\u00f3n de entrada muy limitada y deficiente que se realiz\u00f3 en nic_valid_size(). Esta validaci\u00f3n solo valida el skb-\u003elen (refleja directamente el tama\u00f1o proporcionado en la interfaz de espacio de usuario) con la longitud proporcionada en el propio b\u00fafer (interpretada como NCI_HEADER). Esto lleva al procesamiento de contenido de memoria en la direcci\u00f3n asumiendo el dise\u00f1o correcto seg\u00fan lo que el c\u00f3digo de operaci\u00f3n requiere all\u00ed. Esto lleva a los accesos al b\u00fafer de \u0027skb_buff-\u003edata\u0027 al que a\u00fan no se le ha asignado nada.\n\nSiguiendo la misma ca\u00edda silenciosa de paquetes de tama\u00f1os inv\u00e1lidos en \u0027nic_valid_size()\u0027, a\u00f1adir validaci\u00f3n de los datos en los manejadores respectivos y devolver valores de error en caso de fallo. Liberar el skb si se devuelven valores de error de los manejadores en \u0027nci_nft_packet\u0027 y realizar efectivamente una ca\u00edda silenciosa.\n\nPosible PENDIENTE: debido a que descartamos silenciosamente los paquetes, la llamada a \u0027nci_request\u0027 estar\u00e1 esperando la finalizaci\u00f3n de la solicitud y se enfrentar\u00e1 a tiempos de espera. Estos tiempos de espera pueden ser registrados excesivamente en el dmesg. Un manejo adecuado de ellos puede requerir exportar \u0027nci_request_cancel\u0027 (o propagar el manejo de errores desde los manejadores de paquetes nft)."
}
],
"id": "CVE-2025-40043",
"lastModified": "2026-10-19T21:10:00.160",
"metrics": {
"cvssMetricV31": [
{
"cvssData": {
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackVector": "ADJACENT_NETWORK",
"availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
"baseScore": 8.8,
"baseSeverity": "HIGH",
"confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
"integrityImpact": "HIGH",
"privilegesRequired": "NONE",
"scope": "UNCHANGED",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"version": "3.1"
},
"exploitabilityScore": 2.8,
"impactScore": 5.9,
"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
"type": "Secondary"
}
]
},
"published": "2025-10-28T12:15:38.333",
"references": [
{
"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/0ba68bea1e356f466ad29449938bea12f5f3711f"
},
{
"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/74837bca0748763a77f77db47a0bdbe63b347628"
},
{
"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/8fcc7315a10a84264e55bb65ede10f0af20a983f"
},
{
"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/9c328f54741bd5465ca1dc717c84c04242fac2e1"
},
{
"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/bfdda0123dde406dbff62e7e9136037e97998a15"
},
{
"source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c395d1e548cc68e84584ffa2e3ca9796a78bf7b9"
}
],
"sourceIdentifier": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
"vulnStatus": "Deferred"
}
},
"redhat_vex": {
"aggregate_severity": "None",
"current_release_date": "2026-06-30T10:25:39+00:00",
"cve": "CVE-2025-40043",
"id": "CVE-2025-40043",
"initial_release_date": "2025-10-28T00:00:00+00:00",
"product_status:known_not_affected": "274",
"source": "Red Hat CSAF VEX",
"status": "final",
"title": "kernel: net: nfc: nci: Add parameter validation for packet data",
"url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2025/cve-2025-40043.json",
"version": "3"
}
}
}
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Drag nodes to arrange them. Double-click a related vulnerability to open it, or a source to visit its link. The Physics button on the left tunes the layout and the simulation; the legend at the bottom left hides or shows nodes by kind and by sighting type.
Experimental. This forecast is provided for visualization only and may change without notice. Do not use it for operational decisions.
Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.
Sightings
| Author | Source | Type | Date | Other |
|---|
Nomenclature
- Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
- Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
- Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
- Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
- Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Vulnerability timeline
Sightings and recorded dates, grouped by day · UTC
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The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the
vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base
model, served locally by ML-Gateway.
They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.
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Related by attack behaviour
Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.