CVE-2025-39823 (GCVE-0-2025-39823)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-09-16 13:00 – Updated: 2026-05-12 12:07
VLAI
Title
KVM: x86: use array_index_nospec with indices that come from guest
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: KVM: x86: use array_index_nospec with indices that come from guest min and dest_id are guest-controlled indices. Using array_index_nospec() after the bounds checks clamps these values to mitigate speculative execution side-channels.
Severity
7.8 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version CPE status
Linux Linux Affected: 4180bf1b655a791a0a6ef93a2ffffc762722c782 , < 72777fc31aa7ab2ce00f44bfa3929c6eabbeaf48 (git)
Affected: 4180bf1b655a791a0a6ef93a2ffffc762722c782 , < 31a0ad2f60cb4816e06218b63e695eb72ce74974 (git)
Affected: 4180bf1b655a791a0a6ef93a2ffffc762722c782 , < d51e381beed5e2f50f85f49f6c90e023754efa12 (git)
Affected: 4180bf1b655a791a0a6ef93a2ffffc762722c782 , < 33e974c2d5a82b2f9d9ba0ad9cbaabc1c8e3985f (git)
Affected: 4180bf1b655a791a0a6ef93a2ffffc762722c782 , < f49161646e03d107ce81a99c6ca5da682fe5fb69 (git)
Affected: 4180bf1b655a791a0a6ef93a2ffffc762722c782 , < 67a05679621b7f721bdba37a5d18665d3aceb695 (git)
Affected: 4180bf1b655a791a0a6ef93a2ffffc762722c782 , < f57a4bd8d6cb5af05b8ac1be9098e249034639fb (git)
Affected: 4180bf1b655a791a0a6ef93a2ffffc762722c782 , < c87bd4dd43a624109c3cc42d843138378a7f4548 (git)
guessed Create a notification for this product.
Linux Linux Affected: 4.19
Unaffected: 0 , < 4.19 (semver)
Unaffected: 5.4.298 , ≤ 5.4.* (semver)
Unaffected: 5.10.242 , ≤ 5.10.* (semver)
Unaffected: 5.15.191 , ≤ 5.15.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.1.150 , ≤ 6.1.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.6.104 , ≤ 6.6.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.12.45 , ≤ 6.12.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.16.5 , ≤ 6.16.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.17 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix)
guessed Create a notification for this product.
Siemens SIMATIC CN 4100 Affected: 0 , < V5.0 (custom)
guessed Create a notification for this product.
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                "privilegesRequired": "LOW",
                "scope": "UNCHANGED",
                "userInteraction": "NONE",
                "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
                "version": "3.1"
              },
              "exploitabilityScore": 1.8,
              "impactScore": 5.9,
              "source": "nvd@nist.gov",
              "type": "Primary"
            }
          ]
        },
        "published": "2025-09-16T13:16:00.397",
        "references": [
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "tags": [
              "Patch"
            ],
            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/31a0ad2f60cb4816e06218b63e695eb72ce74974"
          },
          {
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          {
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          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
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          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
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            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c87bd4dd43a624109c3cc42d843138378a7f4548"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
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              "Patch"
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            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d51e381beed5e2f50f85f49f6c90e023754efa12"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
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            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/f49161646e03d107ce81a99c6ca5da682fe5fb69"
          },
          {
            "source": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "tags": [
              "Patch"
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            "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/f57a4bd8d6cb5af05b8ac1be9098e249034639fb"
          },
          {
            "source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
            "tags": [
              "Mailing List",
              "Third Party Advisory"
            ],
            "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/10/msg00007.html"
          },
          {
            "source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
            "tags": [
              "Mailing List",
              "Third Party Advisory"
            ],
            "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/10/msg00008.html"
          },
          {
            "source": "0b142b55-0307-4c5a-b3c9-f314f3fb7c5e",
            "url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-032379.html"
          }
        ],
        "sourceIdentifier": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "vulnStatus": "Modified",
        "weaknesses": [
          {
            "description": [
              {
                "lang": "en",
                "value": "CWE-129"
              }
            ],
            "source": "nvd@nist.gov",
            "type": "Primary"
          }
        ]
      }
    },
    "redhat_vex": {
      "aggregate_severity": "Moderate",
      "current_release_date": "2026-06-30T01:20:52+00:00",
      "cve": "CVE-2025-39823",
      "id": "CVE-2025-39823",
      "initial_release_date": "2025-09-16T00:00:00+00:00",
      "product_status:known_affected": "198",
      "product_status:known_not_affected": "76",
      "source": "Red Hat CSAF VEX",
      "status": "final",
      "title": "kernel: KVM: x86: use array_index_nospec with indices that come from guest",
      "url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2025/cve-2025-39823.json",
      "version": "3"
    }
  }
}



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Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.

Sightings

Author Source Type Date Other

Nomenclature

  • Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
  • Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
  • Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
  • Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
  • Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.



Related by attack behaviour

Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.