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CVE-2025-21728 (GCVE-0-2025-21728)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-02-27 02:07 – Updated: 2026-07-14 12:39
VLAI
Title
bpf: Send signals asynchronously if !preemptible
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: bpf: Send signals asynchronously if !preemptible BPF programs can execute in all kinds of contexts and when a program running in a non-preemptible context uses the bpf_send_signal() kfunc, it will cause issues because this kfunc can sleep. Change `irqs_disabled()` to `!preemptible()`.
Severity
5.5 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version CPE status
Linux Linux Affected: fd29a0242f86b2d95ad666aa9f92a3d0f7bfdab6 , < feba1308bc5e8e04cee751d39fae8a9b407a9034 (git)
Affected: 1bc7896e9ef44fd77858b3ef0b8a6840be3a4494 , < ce51eab2070e295d298f42a2f1db269cd1b56d55 (git)
Affected: 1bc7896e9ef44fd77858b3ef0b8a6840be3a4494 , < e306eaaa3d78b462db5f5b11e0171f9d2b6ca3f4 (git)
Affected: 1bc7896e9ef44fd77858b3ef0b8a6840be3a4494 , < be42a09fe898635b0093c0c8dac1bfabe225c240 (git)
Affected: 1bc7896e9ef44fd77858b3ef0b8a6840be3a4494 , < eeef8e65041a031bd8a747a392c14b76a123a12c (git)
Affected: 1bc7896e9ef44fd77858b3ef0b8a6840be3a4494 , < 78b97783496b454435639937db3303e900a24d3f (git)
Affected: 1bc7896e9ef44fd77858b3ef0b8a6840be3a4494 , < 092fc76b7ab4163e008f9cde596a58dad2108260 (git)
Affected: 1bc7896e9ef44fd77858b3ef0b8a6840be3a4494 , < 87c544108b612512b254c8f79aa5c0a8546e2cc4 (git)
Affected: 7930d01afb7281edd9782971e0cca6fe587c7a7b (git)
Affected: 5.4.33 , < 5.4.291 (semver)
Affected: 5.5.18 , < 5.6 (semver)
guessed Create a notification for this product.
Linux Linux Affected: 5.6
Unaffected: 0 , < 5.6 (semver)
Unaffected: 5.4.291 , ≤ 5.4.* (semver)
Unaffected: 5.10.235 , ≤ 5.10.* (semver)
Unaffected: 5.15.179 , ≤ 5.15.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.1.129 , ≤ 6.1.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.6.76 , ≤ 6.6.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.12.13 , ≤ 6.12.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.13.2 , ≤ 6.13.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.14 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix)
guessed Create a notification for this product.
Siemens SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518-4 PN/DP MFP Affected: V3.1.5 , < * (custom)
guessed Create a notification for this product.
Siemens SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518F-4 PN/DP MFP Affected: V3.1.5 , < * (custom)
guessed Create a notification for this product.
Siemens SIMATIC S7-1500 TM MFP - GNU/Linux subsystem Affected: 0 , < * (custom)
guessed Create a notification for this product.
Siemens SIPLUS S7-1500 CPU 1518-4 PN/DP MFP Affected: V3.1.5 , < * (custom)
guessed Create a notification for this product.
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    "nvd": "{\"cve\":{\"id\":\"CVE-2025-21728\",\"sourceIdentifier\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"published\":\"2025-02-27T02:15:16.530\",\"lastModified\":\"2026-06-17T08:44:08.240\",\"vulnStatus\":\"Modified\",\"cveTags\":[],\"descriptions\":[{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\\n\\nbpf: Send signals asynchronously if !preemptible\\n\\nBPF programs can execute in all kinds of contexts and when a program\\nrunning in a non-preemptible context uses the bpf_send_signal() kfunc,\\nit will cause issues because this kfunc can sleep.\\nChange `irqs_disabled()` to `!preemptible()`.\"},{\"lang\":\"es\",\"value\":\"En el kernel de Linux, se ha resuelto la siguiente vulnerabilidad: bpf: Env\u00eda se\u00f1ales de forma asincr\u00f3nica si los programas BPF !preemptible pueden ejecutarse en todo tipo de contextos y cuando un programa que se ejecuta en un contexto no preemptible utiliza la funci\u00f3n kfunc bpf_send_signal(), causar\u00e1 problemas porque esta funci\u00f3n kfunc puede suspenderse. 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GNU/Linux subsystem\",\"defaultStatus\":\"unknown\",\"versions\":[{\"version\":\"0\",\"lessThan\":\"*\",\"versionType\":\"custom\",\"status\":\"affected\"}]},{\"vendor\":\"Siemens\",\"product\":\"SIPLUS S7-1500 CPU 1518-4 PN/DP MFP\",\"defaultStatus\":\"unknown\",\"versions\":[{\"version\":\"V3.1.5\",\"lessThan\":\"*\",\"versionType\":\"custom\",\"status\":\"affected\"}]}]}],\"metrics\":{\"cvssMetricV31\":[{\"source\":\"nvd@nist.gov\",\"type\":\"Primary\",\"cvssData\":{\"version\":\"3.1\",\"vectorString\":\"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H\",\"baseScore\":5.5,\"baseSeverity\":\"MEDIUM\",\"attackVector\":\"LOCAL\",\"attackComplexity\":\"LOW\",\"privilegesRequired\":\"LOW\",\"userInteraction\":\"NONE\",\"scope\":\"UNCHANGED\",\"confidentialityImpact\":\"NONE\",\"integrityImpact\":\"NONE\",\"availabilityImpact\":\"HIGH\"},\"exploitabilityScore\":1.8,\"impactScore\":3.6}]},\"weaknesses\":[{\"source\":\"nvd@nist.gov\",\"type\":\"Primary\",\"description\":[{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"NVD-CWE-noinfo\"}]}],\"configurations\":[{\"nodes\":[{\"operator\":\"OR\",\"negate\":false,\"cpeMatch\":[{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionStartIncluding\":\"5.4.33\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"5.4.291\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"E6E00A4E-6D21-4396-A94E-5D3080BBB3C4\"},{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionStartIncluding\":\"5.5.18\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"5.6\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"654843C2-9EB0-4353-9CA1-F34C30F263B9\"},{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionStartIncluding\":\"5.6.1\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"5.10.235\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"8B58932D-19CF-4F0B-BAB4-565ACFC0C31B\"},{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionStartIncluding\":\"5.11\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"5.15.179\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"C708062C-4E1B-465F-AE6D-C09C46400875\"},{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionStartIncluding\":\"5.16\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"6.1.129\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"2DA5009C-C9B9-4A1D-9B96-78427E8F232C\"},{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionStartIncluding\":\"6.2\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"6.6.76\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"A6D70701-9CB6-4222-A957-00A419878993\"},{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionStartIncluding\":\"6.7\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"6.12.13\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"2897389C-A8C3-4D69-90F2-E701B3D66373\"},{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionStartIncluding\":\"6.13\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"6.13.2\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"6D4116B1-1BFD-4F23-BA84-169CC05FC5A3\"},{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:5.6:-:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"A92F7A0E-C302-4FEA-9EF3-1A3D5CF3AD54\"}]}]}],\"references\":[{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/092fc76b7ab4163e008f9cde596a58dad2108260\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"tags\":[\"Patch\"]},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/78b97783496b454435639937db3303e900a24d3f\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"tags\":[\"Patch\"]},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/87c544108b612512b254c8f79aa5c0a8546e2cc4\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"tags\":[\"Patch\"]},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/be42a09fe898635b0093c0c8dac1bfabe225c240\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"tags\":[\"Patch\"]},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ce51eab2070e295d298f42a2f1db269cd1b56d55\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"tags\":[\"Patch\"]},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e306eaaa3d78b462db5f5b11e0171f9d2b6ca3f4\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"tags\":[\"Patch\"]},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/eeef8e65041a031bd8a747a392c14b76a123a12c\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"tags\":[\"Patch\"]},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/feba1308bc5e8e04cee751d39fae8a9b407a9034\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"tags\":[\"Patch\"]},{\"url\":\"https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/03/msg00028.html\",\"source\":\"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108\"},{\"url\":\"https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/05/msg00030.html\",\"source\":\"af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108\"},{\"url\":\"https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-082556.html\",\"source\":\"0b142b55-0307-4c5a-b3c9-f314f3fb7c5e\"},{\"url\":\"https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-265688.html\",\"source\":\"0b142b55-0307-4c5a-b3c9-f314f3fb7c5e\"}]}}",
    "redhat_vex": {
      "aggregate_severity": "Moderate",
      "current_release_date": "2026-07-23T23:56:41+00:00",
      "cve": "CVE-2025-21728",
      "id": "CVE-2025-21728",
      "initial_release_date": "2025-02-27T00:00:00+00:00",
      "product_status:fixed": "303",
      "product_status:known_affected": "174",
      "product_status:known_not_affected": "14",
      "source": "Red Hat CSAF VEX",
      "status": "final",
      "title": "kernel: bpf: Send signals asynchronously if !preemptible",
      "url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2025/cve-2025-21728.json",
      "version": "3"
    }
  }
}



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Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.

Sightings

Author Source Type Date Other

Nomenclature

  • Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
  • Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
  • Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
  • Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
  • Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.


Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.