CVE-2025-21719 (GCVE-0-2025-21719)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-02-27 02:07 – Updated: 2026-10-15 21:51
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
ipmr: do not call mr_mfc_uses_dev() for unres entries
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:
ipmr: do not call mr_mfc_uses_dev() for unres entries
syzbot found that calling mr_mfc_uses_dev() for unres entries
would crash [1], because c->mfc_un.res.minvif / c->mfc_un.res.maxvif
alias to "struct sk_buff_head unresolved", which contain two pointers.
This code never worked, lets remove it.
[1]
Unable to handle kernel paging request at virtual address ffff5fff2d536613
KASAN: maybe wild-memory-access in range [0xfffefff96a9b3098-0xfffefff96a9b309f]
Modules linked in:
CPU: 1 UID: 0 PID: 7321 Comm: syz.0.16 Not tainted 6.13.0-rc7-syzkaller-g1950a0af2d55 #0
Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 09/13/2024
pstate: 80400005 (Nzcv daif +PAN -UAO -TCO -DIT -SSBS BTYPE=--)
pc : mr_mfc_uses_dev net/ipv4/ipmr_base.c:290 [inline]
pc : mr_table_dump+0x5a4/0x8b0 net/ipv4/ipmr_base.c:334
lr : mr_mfc_uses_dev net/ipv4/ipmr_base.c:289 [inline]
lr : mr_table_dump+0x694/0x8b0 net/ipv4/ipmr_base.c:334
Call trace:
mr_mfc_uses_dev net/ipv4/ipmr_base.c:290 [inline] (P)
mr_table_dump+0x5a4/0x8b0 net/ipv4/ipmr_base.c:334 (P)
mr_rtm_dumproute+0x254/0x454 net/ipv4/ipmr_base.c:382
ipmr_rtm_dumproute+0x248/0x4b4 net/ipv4/ipmr.c:2648
rtnl_dump_all+0x2e4/0x4e8 net/core/rtnetlink.c:4327
rtnl_dumpit+0x98/0x1d0 net/core/rtnetlink.c:6791
netlink_dump+0x4f0/0xbc0 net/netlink/af_netlink.c:2317
netlink_recvmsg+0x56c/0xe64 net/netlink/af_netlink.c:1973
sock_recvmsg_nosec net/socket.c:1033 [inline]
sock_recvmsg net/socket.c:1055 [inline]
sock_read_iter+0x2d8/0x40c net/socket.c:1125
new_sync_read fs/read_write.c:484 [inline]
vfs_read+0x740/0x970 fs/read_write.c:565
ksys_read+0x15c/0x26c fs/read_write.c:708
Severity
7.1 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-15 21:42 UTC
Assigner
References
12 references
Impacted products
3 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | CPE status | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Linux | Linux |
Affected:
cb167893f41e21e6bd283d78e53489289dc0592d , < 71a0fcb68c0a5f3ec912b540cd5d72148e6ee5f1
(git)
Affected: cb167893f41e21e6bd283d78e53489289dc0592d , < 53df27fd38f84bd3cd6b004eb4ff3c4903114f1d (git) Affected: cb167893f41e21e6bd283d78e53489289dc0592d , < 547ef7e8cbb98f966c8719a3e15d4e078aaa9b47 (git) Affected: cb167893f41e21e6bd283d78e53489289dc0592d , < 57177c5f47a8da852f8d76cf6945cf803f8bb9e5 (git) Affected: cb167893f41e21e6bd283d78e53489289dc0592d , < b379b3162ff55a70464c6a934ae9bf0497478a62 (git) Affected: cb167893f41e21e6bd283d78e53489289dc0592d , < a099834a51ccf9bbba3de86a251b3433539abfde (git) Affected: cb167893f41e21e6bd283d78e53489289dc0592d , < 26bb7d991f04eeef47dfad23e533834995c26f7a (git) Affected: cb167893f41e21e6bd283d78e53489289dc0592d , < 15a901361ec3fb1c393f91880e1cbf24ec0a88bd (git) |
guessed | |
| Linux | Linux |
Affected:
4.20
Unaffected: 0 , < 4.20 (semver) Unaffected: 5.4.291 , ≤ 5.4.* (semver) Unaffected: 5.10.235 , ≤ 5.10.* (semver) Unaffected: 5.15.179 , ≤ 5.15.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.1.129 , ≤ 6.1.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.6.76 , ≤ 6.6.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.12.13 , ≤ 6.12.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.13.2 , ≤ 6.13.* (semver) Unaffected: 6.14 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix) |
guessed | |
| Siemens | SIMATIC S7-1500 TM MFP - GNU/Linux subsystem |
Affected:
0 , < *
(custom)
|
guessed |
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"value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nipmr: do not call mr_mfc_uses_dev() for unres entries\n\nsyzbot found that calling mr_mfc_uses_dev() for unres entries\nwould crash [1], because c-\u003emfc_un.res.minvif / c-\u003emfc_un.res.maxvif\nalias to \"struct sk_buff_head unresolved\", which contain two pointers.\n\nThis code never worked, lets remove it.\n\n[1]\nUnable to handle kernel paging request at virtual address ffff5fff2d536613\nKASAN: maybe wild-memory-access in range [0xfffefff96a9b3098-0xfffefff96a9b309f]\nModules linked in:\nCPU: 1 UID: 0 PID: 7321 Comm: syz.0.16 Not tainted 6.13.0-rc7-syzkaller-g1950a0af2d55 #0\nHardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 09/13/2024\npstate: 80400005 (Nzcv daif +PAN -UAO -TCO -DIT -SSBS BTYPE=--)\n pc : mr_mfc_uses_dev net/ipv4/ipmr_base.c:290 [inline]\n pc : mr_table_dump+0x5a4/0x8b0 net/ipv4/ipmr_base.c:334\n lr : mr_mfc_uses_dev net/ipv4/ipmr_base.c:289 [inline]\n lr : mr_table_dump+0x694/0x8b0 net/ipv4/ipmr_base.c:334\nCall trace:\n mr_mfc_uses_dev net/ipv4/ipmr_base.c:290 [inline] (P)\n mr_table_dump+0x5a4/0x8b0 net/ipv4/ipmr_base.c:334 (P)\n mr_rtm_dumproute+0x254/0x454 net/ipv4/ipmr_base.c:382\n ipmr_rtm_dumproute+0x248/0x4b4 net/ipv4/ipmr.c:2648\n rtnl_dump_all+0x2e4/0x4e8 net/core/rtnetlink.c:4327\n rtnl_dumpit+0x98/0x1d0 net/core/rtnetlink.c:6791\n netlink_dump+0x4f0/0xbc0 net/netlink/af_netlink.c:2317\n netlink_recvmsg+0x56c/0xe64 net/netlink/af_netlink.c:1973\n sock_recvmsg_nosec net/socket.c:1033 [inline]\n sock_recvmsg net/socket.c:1055 [inline]\n sock_read_iter+0x2d8/0x40c net/socket.c:1125\n new_sync_read fs/read_write.c:484 [inline]\n vfs_read+0x740/0x970 fs/read_write.c:565\n ksys_read+0x15c/0x26c fs/read_write.c:708"
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{
"lang": "en",
"value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nipmr: do not call mr_mfc_uses_dev() for unres entries\n\nsyzbot found that calling mr_mfc_uses_dev() for unres entries\nwould crash [1], because c-\u003emfc_un.res.minvif / c-\u003emfc_un.res.maxvif\nalias to \"struct sk_buff_head unresolved\", which contain two pointers.\n\nThis code never worked, lets remove it.\n\n[1]\nUnable to handle kernel paging request at virtual address ffff5fff2d536613\nKASAN: maybe wild-memory-access in range [0xfffefff96a9b3098-0xfffefff96a9b309f]\nModules linked in:\nCPU: 1 UID: 0 PID: 7321 Comm: syz.0.16 Not tainted 6.13.0-rc7-syzkaller-g1950a0af2d55 #0\nHardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 09/13/2024\npstate: 80400005 (Nzcv daif +PAN -UAO -TCO -DIT -SSBS BTYPE=--)\n pc : mr_mfc_uses_dev net/ipv4/ipmr_base.c:290 [inline]\n pc : mr_table_dump+0x5a4/0x8b0 net/ipv4/ipmr_base.c:334\n lr : mr_mfc_uses_dev net/ipv4/ipmr_base.c:289 [inline]\n lr : mr_table_dump+0x694/0x8b0 net/ipv4/ipmr_base.c:334\nCall trace:\n mr_mfc_uses_dev net/ipv4/ipmr_base.c:290 [inline] (P)\n mr_table_dump+0x5a4/0x8b0 net/ipv4/ipmr_base.c:334 (P)\n mr_rtm_dumproute+0x254/0x454 net/ipv4/ipmr_base.c:382\n ipmr_rtm_dumproute+0x248/0x4b4 net/ipv4/ipmr.c:2648\n rtnl_dump_all+0x2e4/0x4e8 net/core/rtnetlink.c:4327\n rtnl_dumpit+0x98/0x1d0 net/core/rtnetlink.c:6791\n netlink_dump+0x4f0/0xbc0 net/netlink/af_netlink.c:2317\n netlink_recvmsg+0x56c/0xe64 net/netlink/af_netlink.c:1973\n sock_recvmsg_nosec net/socket.c:1033 [inline]\n sock_recvmsg net/socket.c:1055 [inline]\n sock_read_iter+0x2d8/0x40c net/socket.c:1125\n new_sync_read fs/read_write.c:484 [inline]\n vfs_read+0x740/0x970 fs/read_write.c:565\n ksys_read+0x15c/0x26c fs/read_write.c:708"
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV3_1": {
"baseScore": 7.1,
"baseSeverity": "HIGH",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H",
"version": "3.1"
},
"scenarios": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "AV:L - The vulnerable loop is reached only through an RTM_GETROUTE netlink dump (`rtnl_dump_all` \u2192 `ipmr_rtm_dumproute` \u2192 `mr_table_dump`) issued on a local AF_NETLINK socket. Although the unresolved cache entry itself is created by an incoming multicast packet, the crash requires the local netlink request, so the attack vector is Local.\nAC:L - The attacker fully controls both halves \u2014 creating unresolved MFC entries by sending multicast packets into a vif, and issuing the RTA_OIF-filtered strict-check dump \u2014 and can repeat this arbitrarily until an entry whose aliased pointer halves satisfy `minvif \u003c maxvif` is walked. No condition outside the attacker\u0027s influence is required.\nPR:L - Netlink route dumps require no capability at all (rtnetlink only enforces CAP_NET_ADMIN for non-GET messages), and the multicast-routing setup that populates `mfc_unres_queue` is gated on CAP_NET_RAW/`ns_capable(net-\u003euser_ns, CAP_NET_ADMIN)`, both obtainable by any unprivileged user via `unshare -Urn`. On a host already running a multicast routing daemon, an unprivileged user needs only the dump.\nUI:N - The attacker performs every step itself \u2014 socket setup, multicast packet injection, and the netlink dump \u2014 with no action by any other user or administrator.\nS:U - The out-of-bounds access and its consequences are confined to the kernel\u0027s own memory within the same security authority; no VM, IOMMU, or sandbox boundary is crossed.\nC:H - The loop performs unbounded, wild out-of-bounds reads of kernel memory at indices derived from a heap pointer, spanning arbitrarily far outside `mrt-\u003evif_table` and the mfc allocation, and the result feeds a userspace-observable dump-filtering decision that acts as an oracle on that out-of-bounds kernel memory.\nI:N - `mr_mfc_uses_dev()` is a purely read-only loop and `mr_fill_mroute()` returns early for unresolved entries, so no kernel memory is written or corrupted by this bug.\nA:H - The wild indexing causes a kernel paging fault / KASAN wild-memory-access oops, as reported by syzbot, and the near-billion-iteration loop runs while holding `mfc_unres_lock` with softirqs disabled, risking soft lockup and RCU stalls \u2014 a reliably reproducible kernel crash or hang."
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T11:53:54.833Z",
"orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
"shortName": "Linux"
},
"references": [
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/71a0fcb68c0a5f3ec912b540cd5d72148e6ee5f1"
},
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/53df27fd38f84bd3cd6b004eb4ff3c4903114f1d"
},
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/547ef7e8cbb98f966c8719a3e15d4e078aaa9b47"
},
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/57177c5f47a8da852f8d76cf6945cf803f8bb9e5"
},
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b379b3162ff55a70464c6a934ae9bf0497478a62"
},
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a099834a51ccf9bbba3de86a251b3433539abfde"
},
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/26bb7d991f04eeef47dfad23e533834995c26f7a"
},
{
"url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/15a901361ec3fb1c393f91880e1cbf24ec0a88bd"
}
],
"title": "ipmr: do not call mr_mfc_uses_dev() for unres entries",
"x_generator": {
"engine": "bippy-1.2.0"
}
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
"assignerShortName": "Linux",
"cveId": "CVE-2025-21719",
"datePublished": "2025-02-27T02:07:28.573Z",
"dateReserved": "2024-12-29T08:45:45.753Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-10-15T21:51:52.573Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}
}
}
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Sightings
| Author | Source | Type | Date | Other |
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Nomenclature
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The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the
vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base
model, served locally by ML-Gateway.
They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
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The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.
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Related by attack behaviour
Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.