Vulnerability-Lookup

CVE-2025-15645 (GCVE-0-2025-15645)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-19 21:41 – Updated: 2026-07-14 22:25

Title

Ledger Nano X, Flex, Stax MCU Firmware Update Denial of Service

Summary

Ledger Nano X, Flex, and Stax devices contain a denial of service vulnerability in the MCU firmware update process due to missing validation of the reset_handler parameter during firmware flashing. An attacker can provide a crafted reset_handler address pointing to invalid memory or attacker-controlled code to cause the device to enter an unrecoverable fault state during boot, resulting in permanent loss of operability.

Severity

4.6 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

5.1 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:4.0/AV:P/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2026-05-20 14:43 UTC

CWE

CWE-1284 - Improper Validation of Specified Quantity in Input

Assigner

VulnCheck CNA under the mitre root

CNA scorecard B 84/100 over 7402 records in the last 180 days details

References

2 references

URL	Tags
https://donjon.ledger.com/lsb/021/	vendor-advisory
https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/ledger-nano-…	third-party-advisory

Impacted products

3 products

Vendor	Product	Version	CPE status
Ledger	Ledger Nano X	Affected: 0 , < 2.4.2 (custom)	guessed
Ledger	Ledger Flex	Affected: 0 , < 1.2.2 (custom)	guessed
Ledger	Ledger Stax	Affected: 0 , < 1.6.2 (custom)	guessed

Date Public

2025-05-19 22:00

Credits

Guanxing Wen VulnCheck

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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FKIE_CVE-2025-15645

Vulnerability from fkie_nvd - Published: 2026-05-19 22:16 - Updated: 2026-07-24 09:10

Severity

4.6 (Medium) - CVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

Summary

References

	URL	Tags
	disclosure@vulncheck.com	https://donjon.ledger.com/lsb/021/
	disclosure@vulncheck.com	https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/ledger-nano-x-flex-stax-mcu-firmware-update-denial-of-service

Impacted products

	Vendor	Product	Version

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "affectedData": [
        {
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "product": "Ledger Nano X",
          "vendor": "Ledger",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThan": "2.4.2",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "0",
              "versionType": "custom"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "product": "Ledger Flex",
          "vendor": "Ledger",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThan": "1.2.2",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "0",
              "versionType": "custom"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "product": "Ledger Stax",
          "vendor": "Ledger",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThan": "1.6.2",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "0",
              "versionType": "custom"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "source": "disclosure@vulncheck.com"
    }
  ],
  "cveTags": [],
  "descriptions": [
    {
      "lang": "en",
      "value": "Ledger Nano X, Flex, and Stax devices contain a denial of service vulnerability in the MCU firmware update process due to missing validation of the reset_handler parameter during firmware flashing. An attacker can provide a crafted reset_handler address pointing to invalid memory or attacker-controlled code to cause the device to enter an unrecoverable fault state during boot, resulting in permanent loss of operability."
    },
    {
      "lang": "es",
      "value": "Los dispositivos Ledger Nano X, Flex y Stax contienen una vulnerabilidad de denegaci\u00f3n de servicio en el proceso de actualizaci\u00f3n del firmware del MCU debido a la falta de validaci\u00f3n del par\u00e1metro reset_handler durante el flasheo del firmware. Un atacante puede proporcionar una direcci\u00f3n reset_handler manipulada que apunte a memoria inv\u00e1lida o a c\u00f3digo controlado por el atacante para hacer que el dispositivo entre en un estado de fallo irrecuperable durante el arranque, lo que resulta en la p\u00e9rdida permanente de operatividad."
    }
  ],
  "id": "CVE-2025-15645",
  "lastModified": "2026-07-24T09:10:00.153",
  "metrics": {
    "cvssMetricV31": [
      {
        "cvssData": {
          "attackComplexity": "LOW",
          "attackVector": "PHYSICAL",
          "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
          "baseScore": 4.6,
          "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
          "confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
          "integrityImpact": "NONE",
          "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
          "scope": "UNCHANGED",
          "userInteraction": "NONE",
          "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
          "version": "3.1"
        },
        "exploitabilityScore": 0.9,
        "impactScore": 3.6,
        "source": "disclosure@vulncheck.com",
        "type": "Secondary"
      }
    ],
    "cvssMetricV40": [
      {
        "cvssData": {
          "Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "Safety": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "attackComplexity": "LOW",
          "attackRequirements": "NONE",
          "attackVector": "PHYSICAL",
          "availabilityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "baseScore": 5.1,
          "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
          "confidentialityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "exploitMaturity": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "integrityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedAttackComplexity": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedAttackRequirements": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedAttackVector": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedPrivilegesRequired": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedSubAvailabilityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedSubConfidentialityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedSubIntegrityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedUserInteraction": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedVulnAvailabilityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedVulnConfidentialityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "modifiedVulnIntegrityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
          "providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
          "subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
          "subIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
          "userInteraction": "NONE",
          "valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED",
          "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:P/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
          "version": "4.0",
          "vulnAvailabilityImpact": "HIGH",
          "vulnConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
          "vulnIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
          "vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED"
        },
        "source": "disclosure@vulncheck.com",
        "type": "Secondary"
      }
    ],
    "ssvcV203": [
      {
        "source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
        "ssvcData": {
          "id": "CVE-2025-15645",
          "options": [
            {
              "exploitation": "none"
            },
            {
              "automatable": "no"
            },
            {
              "technicalImpact": "partial"
            }
          ],
          "role": "CISA Coordinator",
          "timestamp": "2026-05-20T14:43:51.214475Z",
          "version": "2.0.3"
        }
      }
    ]
  },
  "published": "2026-05-19T22:16:36.187",
  "references": [
    {
      "source": "disclosure@vulncheck.com",
      "url": "https://donjon.ledger.com/lsb/021/"
    },
    {
      "source": "disclosure@vulncheck.com",
      "url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/ledger-nano-x-flex-stax-mcu-firmware-update-denial-of-service"
    }
  ],
  "sourceIdentifier": "disclosure@vulncheck.com",
  "vulnStatus": "Deferred",
  "weaknesses": [
    {
      "description": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "CWE-1284"
        }
      ],
      "source": "disclosure@vulncheck.com",
      "type": "Secondary"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-JJ3M-33JH-V459

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-20 00:31 – Updated: 2026-05-20 15:35

Details

Severity

4.6 (Medium)


                  
                    CVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

5.1 (Medium)


                  
                    CVSS:4.0/AV:P/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

Show details on source website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-15645"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-1284"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-05-19T22:16:36Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Ledger Nano X, Flex, and Stax devices contain a denial of service vulnerability in the MCU firmware update process due to missing validation of the reset_handler parameter during firmware flashing. An attacker can provide a crafted reset_handler address pointing to invalid memory or attacker-controlled code to cause the device to enter an unrecoverable fault state during boot, resulting in permanent loss of operability.",
  "id": "GHSA-jj3m-33jh-v459",
  "modified": "2026-05-20T15:35:26Z",
  "published": "2026-05-20T00:31:41Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-15645"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://donjon.ledger.com/lsb/021"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.ledger.com/security-bulletin"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/ledger-nano-x-flex-stax-mcu-firmware-update-denial-of-service"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:P/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

Sightings

Author	Source	Type	Date	Other

Nomenclature

Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.

Vulnerability timeline

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The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base model, served locally by ML-Gateway. They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.

Related by attack behaviour

Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.

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CVE-2025-15645 (GCVE-0-2025-15645)

FKIE_CVE-2025-15645

GHSA-JJ3M-33JH-V459

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