CVE-2025-12189 (GCVE-0-2025-12189)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-12-05 05:31 – Updated: 2026-04-08 17:18
VLAI
Title
Bread & Butter: Gate content + Capture leads + Collect first-party data + Nurture with Ai agents <= 7.11.1374 - Cross-Site Request Forgery to Arbitrary File Upload
Summary
The Bread & Butter: Gate content + Capture leads + Collect first-party data + Nurture with Ai agents plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Cross-Site Request Forgery in all versions up to, and including, 7.11.1374. This is due to missing or incorrect nonce validation on the uploadImage() function. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to upload arbitrary files that make remote code execution possible via a forged request granted they can trick a site administrator into performing an action such as clicking on a link.
Severity
4.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-12-05 14:05 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-352 - Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF)
Assigner
Wordfence CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard C 65/100 over 2392 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version CPE status
breadbutter Bread & Butter: AI-Powered Lead Intelligence Affected: 0 , ≤ 7.11.1374 (semver)
guessed Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Ryan Kozak
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2025-12189",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "poc"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "no"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "partial"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2025-12-05T14:05:51.865787Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2025-12-05T14:06:06.190Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "references": [
          {
            "tags": [
              "exploit"
            ],
            "url": "https://github.com/d0n601/CVE-2025-12189"
          }
        ],
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "product": "Bread \u0026 Butter: AI-Powered Lead Intelligence",
          "vendor": "breadbutter",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "7.11.1374",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "0",
              "versionType": "semver"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "credits": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "type": "finder",
          "value": "Ryan Kozak"
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "The Bread \u0026 Butter: Gate content + Capture leads + Collect first-party data + Nurture with Ai agents plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Cross-Site Request Forgery in all versions up to, and including, 7.11.1374. This is due to missing or incorrect nonce validation on the uploadImage() function. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to upload arbitrary files that make remote code execution possible via a forged request granted they can trick a site administrator into performing an action such as clicking on a link."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "baseScore": 4.3,
            "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
            "version": "3.1"
          }
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-352",
              "description": "CWE-352 Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF)",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-04-08T17:18:24.884Z",
        "orgId": "b15e7b5b-3da4-40ae-a43c-f7aa60e62599",
        "shortName": "Wordfence"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/bb280004-e0ba-44c8-a205-8fec30900d86?source=cve"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/bread-butter/trunk/src/Base/Ajax.php#L411"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://github.com/d0n601/CVE-2025-12189"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://ryankozak.com/posts/cve-2025-12189/"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset/3408692/bread-butter/trunk/src/Base/Ajax.php"
        }
      ],
      "timeline": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "time": "2025-12-04T16:31:43.000Z",
          "value": "Disclosed"
        }
      ],
      "title": "Bread \u0026 Butter: Gate content + Capture leads + Collect first-party data + Nurture with Ai agents \u003c= 7.11.1374 - Cross-Site Request Forgery to Arbitrary File Upload"
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "b15e7b5b-3da4-40ae-a43c-f7aa60e62599",
    "assignerShortName": "Wordfence",
    "cveId": "CVE-2025-12189",
    "datePublished": "2025-12-05T05:31:27.915Z",
    "dateReserved": "2025-10-24T20:00:43.777Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-04-08T17:18:24.884Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2",
  "vulnerability-lookup:meta": {
    "epss": {
      "cve": "CVE-2025-12189",
      "date": "2026-11-05",
      "epss": "0.0035",
      "percentile": "0.28737"
    },
    "nvd": {
      "cve": {
        "affected": [
          {
            "affectedData": [
              {
                "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
                "product": "Bread \u0026 Butter: AI-Powered Lead Intelligence",
                "vendor": "breadbutter",
                "versions": [
                  {
                    "lessThanOrEqual": "7.11.1374",
                    "status": "affected",
                    "version": "0",
                    "versionType": "semver"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ],
            "source": "security@wordfence.com"
          }
        ],
        "configurations": [
          {
            "nodes": [
              {
                "cpeMatch": [
                  {
                    "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:breadbutter:bread_\\\u0026_butter:*:*:*:*:*:wordpress:*:*",
                    "matchCriteriaId": "630FA8D3-D849-4772-BC9E-8846EDFAA9D8",
                    "versionEndIncluding": "7.11.1374",
                    "vulnerable": true
                  }
                ],
                "negate": false,
                "operator": "OR"
              }
            ]
          }
        ],
        "cveTags": [],
        "descriptions": [
          {
            "lang": "en",
            "value": "The Bread \u0026 Butter: Gate content + Capture leads + Collect first-party data + Nurture with Ai agents plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Cross-Site Request Forgery in all versions up to, and including, 7.11.1374. This is due to missing or incorrect nonce validation on the uploadImage() function. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to upload arbitrary files that make remote code execution possible via a forged request granted they can trick a site administrator into performing an action such as clicking on a link."
          },
          {
            "lang": "es",
            "value": "El plugin Bread \u0026 Butter: Gate content + Capture leads + Collect first-party data + Nurture with Ai agents para WordPress es vulnerable a Cross-Site Request Forgery en todas las versiones hasta la 7.10.1321, inclusive. Esto se debe a una validaci\u00f3n de nonce faltante o incorrecta en la funci\u00f3n uploadImage(). Esto hace posible que atacantes no autenticados suban archivos arbitrarios que hacen posible la ejecuci\u00f3n remota de c\u00f3digo a trav\u00e9s de una petici\u00f3n falsificada, siempre que puedan enga\u00f1ar a un administrador del sitio para que realice una acci\u00f3n como hacer clic en un enlace."
          }
        ],
        "id": "CVE-2025-12189",
        "lastModified": "2026-10-18T15:10:00.097",
        "metrics": {
          "cvssMetricV31": [
            {
              "cvssData": {
                "attackComplexity": "LOW",
                "attackVector": "NETWORK",
                "availabilityImpact": "NONE",
                "baseScore": 4.3,
                "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
                "confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
                "integrityImpact": "LOW",
                "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
                "scope": "UNCHANGED",
                "userInteraction": "REQUIRED",
                "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
                "version": "3.1"
              },
              "exploitabilityScore": 2.8,
              "impactScore": 1.4,
              "source": "security@wordfence.com",
              "type": "Secondary"
            },
            {
              "cvssData": {
                "attackComplexity": "LOW",
                "attackVector": "NETWORK",
                "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
                "baseScore": 8.8,
                "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
                "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
                "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
                "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
                "scope": "UNCHANGED",
                "userInteraction": "REQUIRED",
                "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
                "version": "3.1"
              },
              "exploitabilityScore": 2.8,
              "impactScore": 5.9,
              "source": "nvd@nist.gov",
              "type": "Primary"
            }
          ],
          "ssvcV203": [
            {
              "source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
              "ssvcData": {
                "id": "CVE-2025-12189",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "exploitation": "poc"
                  },
                  {
                    "automatable": "no"
                  },
                  {
                    "technicalImpact": "partial"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2025-12-05T14:05:51.865787Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              }
            }
          ]
        },
        "published": "2025-12-05T06:16:06.573",
        "references": [
          {
            "source": "security@wordfence.com",
            "tags": [
              "Exploit"
            ],
            "url": "https://github.com/d0n601/CVE-2025-12189"
          },
          {
            "source": "security@wordfence.com",
            "tags": [
              "Product"
            ],
            "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/bread-butter/trunk/src/Base/Ajax.php#L411"
          },
          {
            "source": "security@wordfence.com",
            "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset/3408692/bread-butter/trunk/src/Base/Ajax.php"
          },
          {
            "source": "security@wordfence.com",
            "tags": [
              "Exploit"
            ],
            "url": "https://ryankozak.com/posts/cve-2025-12189/"
          },
          {
            "source": "security@wordfence.com",
            "tags": [
              "Third Party Advisory"
            ],
            "url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/bb280004-e0ba-44c8-a205-8fec30900d86?source=cve"
          },
          {
            "source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
            "tags": [
              "Exploit"
            ],
            "url": "https://github.com/d0n601/CVE-2025-12189"
          }
        ],
        "sourceIdentifier": "security@wordfence.com",
        "vulnStatus": "Modified",
        "weaknesses": [
          {
            "description": [
              {
                "lang": "en",
                "value": "CWE-352"
              }
            ],
            "source": "security@wordfence.com",
            "type": "Secondary"
          }
        ]
      }
    },
    "redhat_vex": {
      "current_release_date": "2026-04-08T19:55:32+00:00",
      "cve": "CVE-2025-12189",
      "id": "CVE-2025-12189",
      "initial_release_date": "2025-01-01T00:00:00+00:00",
      "product_status:known_not_affected": "1",
      "source": "Red Hat CSAF VEX",
      "status": "final",
      "title": "Bread \u0026 Butter: Gate content + Capture leads + Collect first-party data + Nurture with Ai agents \u003c= 7.11.1374 - Cross-Site Request Forgery to Arbitrary File Upload",
      "url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2025/cve-2025-12189.json",
      "version": "3"
    },
    "vulnrichment": {
      "containers": {
        "adp": [
          {
            "metrics": [
              {
                "other": {
                  "content": {
                    "id": "CVE-2025-12189",
                    "options": [
                      {
                        "Exploitation": "poc"
                      },
                      {
                        "Automatable": "no"
                      },
                      {
                        "Technical Impact": "partial"
                      }
                    ],
                    "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                    "timestamp": "2025-12-05T14:05:51.865787Z",
                    "version": "2.0.3"
                  },
                  "type": "ssvc"
                }
              }
            ],
            "providerMetadata": {
              "dateUpdated": "2025-12-05T14:05:44.715Z",
              "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
              "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
            },
            "references": [
              {
                "tags": [
                  "exploit"
                ],
                "url": "https://github.com/d0n601/CVE-2025-12189"
              }
            ],
            "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
          }
        ],
        "cna": {
          "affected": [
            {
              "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
              "product": "Bread \u0026 Butter: AI-Powered Lead Intelligence",
              "vendor": "breadbutter",
              "versions": [
                {
                  "lessThanOrEqual": "7.11.1374",
                  "status": "affected",
                  "version": "0",
                  "versionType": "semver"
                }
              ]
            }
          ],
          "credits": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "finder",
              "value": "Ryan Kozak"
            }
          ],
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "The Bread \u0026 Butter: Gate content + Capture leads + Collect first-party data + Nurture with Ai agents plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Cross-Site Request Forgery in all versions up to, and including, 7.11.1374. This is due to missing or incorrect nonce validation on the uploadImage() function. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to upload arbitrary files that make remote code execution possible via a forged request granted they can trick a site administrator into performing an action such as clicking on a link."
            }
          ],
          "metrics": [
            {
              "cvssV3_1": {
                "baseScore": 4.3,
                "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
                "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
                "version": "3.1"
              }
            }
          ],
          "problemTypes": [
            {
              "descriptions": [
                {
                  "cweId": "CWE-352",
                  "description": "CWE-352 Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF)",
                  "lang": "en",
                  "type": "CWE"
                }
              ]
            }
          ],
          "providerMetadata": {
            "dateUpdated": "2026-04-08T17:18:24.884Z",
            "orgId": "b15e7b5b-3da4-40ae-a43c-f7aa60e62599",
            "shortName": "Wordfence"
          },
          "references": [
            {
              "url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/bb280004-e0ba-44c8-a205-8fec30900d86?source=cve"
            },
            {
              "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/bread-butter/trunk/src/Base/Ajax.php#L411"
            },
            {
              "url": "https://github.com/d0n601/CVE-2025-12189"
            },
            {
              "url": "https://ryankozak.com/posts/cve-2025-12189/"
            },
            {
              "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset/3408692/bread-butter/trunk/src/Base/Ajax.php"
            }
          ],
          "timeline": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "time": "2025-12-04T16:31:43.000Z",
              "value": "Disclosed"
            }
          ],
          "title": "Bread \u0026 Butter: Gate content + Capture leads + Collect first-party data + Nurture with Ai agents \u003c= 7.11.1374 - Cross-Site Request Forgery to Arbitrary File Upload"
        }
      },
      "cveMetadata": {
        "assignerOrgId": "b15e7b5b-3da4-40ae-a43c-f7aa60e62599",
        "assignerShortName": "Wordfence",
        "cveId": "CVE-2025-12189",
        "datePublished": "2025-12-05T05:31:27.915Z",
        "dateReserved": "2025-10-24T20:00:43.777Z",
        "dateUpdated": "2026-04-08T17:18:24.884Z",
        "state": "PUBLISHED"
      },
      "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
      "dataVersion": "5.2"
    }
  }
}



Log in or create an account to share your comment.




Tags
Taxonomy of the tags.




Drag nodes to arrange them. Double-click a related vulnerability to open it, or a source to visit its link. The Physics button on the left tunes the layout and the simulation; the legend at the bottom left hides or shows nodes by kind and by sighting type.

Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.

Sightings

Author Source Type Date Other

Nomenclature

  • Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
  • Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
  • Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
  • Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
  • Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Vulnerability timeline

Sightings and recorded dates, grouped by day · UTC

JSON

Loading timeline…




    Related by attack behaviour

    Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.