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CVE-2024-50099 (GCVE-0-2024-50099)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-11-05 17:07 – Updated: 2026-08-05 11:41
VLAI
Title
arm64: probes: Remove broken LDR (literal) uprobe support
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: arm64: probes: Remove broken LDR (literal) uprobe support The simulate_ldr_literal() and simulate_ldrsw_literal() functions are unsafe to use for uprobes. Both functions were originally written for use with kprobes, and access memory with plain C accesses. When uprobes was added, these were reused unmodified even though they cannot safely access user memory. There are three key problems: 1) The plain C accesses do not have corresponding extable entries, and thus if they encounter a fault the kernel will treat these as unintentional accesses to user memory, resulting in a BUG() which will kill the kernel thread, and likely lead to further issues (e.g. lockup or panic()). 2) The plain C accesses are subject to HW PAN and SW PAN, and so when either is in use, any attempt to simulate an access to user memory will fault. Thus neither simulate_ldr_literal() nor simulate_ldrsw_literal() can do anything useful when simulating a user instruction on any system with HW PAN or SW PAN. 3) The plain C accesses are privileged, as they run in kernel context, and in practice can access a small range of kernel virtual addresses. The instructions they simulate have a range of +/-1MiB, and since the simulated instructions must itself be a user instructions in the TTBR0 address range, these can address the final 1MiB of the TTBR1 acddress range by wrapping downwards from an address in the first 1MiB of the TTBR0 address range. In contemporary kernels the last 8MiB of TTBR1 address range is reserved, and accesses to this will always fault, meaning this is no worse than (1). Historically, it was theoretically possible for the linear map or vmemmap to spill into the final 8MiB of the TTBR1 address range, but in practice this is extremely unlikely to occur as this would require either: * Having enough physical memory to fill the entire linear map all the way to the final 1MiB of the TTBR1 address range. * Getting unlucky with KASLR randomization of the linear map such that the populated region happens to overlap with the last 1MiB of the TTBR address range. ... and in either case if we were to spill into the final page there would be larger problems as the final page would alias with error pointers. Practically speaking, (1) and (2) are the big issues. Given there have been no reports of problems since the broken code was introduced, it appears that no-one is relying on probing these instructions with uprobes. Avoid these issues by not allowing uprobes on LDR (literal) and LDRSW (literal), limiting the use of simulate_ldr_literal() and simulate_ldrsw_literal() to kprobes. Attempts to place uprobes on LDR (literal) and LDRSW (literal) will be rejected as arm_probe_decode_insn() will return INSN_REJECTED. In future we can consider introducing working uprobes support for these instructions, but this will require more significant work.
Severity
7.3 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:L/A:H
5.5 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-10-01 20:22 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version CPE status
Linux Linux Affected: 9842ceae9fa8deae141533d52a6ead7666962c09 , < cc86f2e9876c8b5300238cec6bf0bd8c842078ee (git)
Affected: 9842ceae9fa8deae141533d52a6ead7666962c09 , < ae743deca78d9e4b7f4f60ad2f95e20e8ea057f9 (git)
Affected: 9842ceae9fa8deae141533d52a6ead7666962c09 , < 3728b4eb27910ffedd173018279a970705f2e03a (git)
Affected: 9842ceae9fa8deae141533d52a6ead7666962c09 , < ad4bc35a6d22e9ff9b67d0d0c38bce654232f195 (git)
Affected: 9842ceae9fa8deae141533d52a6ead7666962c09 , < bae792617a7e911477f67a3aff850ad4ddf51572 (git)
Affected: 9842ceae9fa8deae141533d52a6ead7666962c09 , < 9f1e7735474e7457a4d919a517900e46868ae5f6 (git)
Affected: 9842ceae9fa8deae141533d52a6ead7666962c09 , < 20cde998315a3d2df08e26079a3ea7501abce6db (git)
Affected: 9842ceae9fa8deae141533d52a6ead7666962c09 , < acc450aa07099d071b18174c22a1119c57da8227 (git)
guessed Create a notification for this product.
Linux Linux Affected: 4.10
Unaffected: 0 , < 4.10 (semver)
Unaffected: 4.19.323 , ≤ 4.19.* (semver)
Unaffected: 5.4.285 , ≤ 5.4.* (semver)
Unaffected: 5.10.228 , ≤ 5.10.* (semver)
Unaffected: 5.15.169 , ≤ 5.15.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.1.114 , ≤ 6.1.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.6.58 , ≤ 6.6.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.11.5 , ≤ 6.11.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.12 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix)
guessed Create a notification for this product.
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          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\narm64: probes: Remove broken LDR (literal) uprobe support\n\nThe simulate_ldr_literal() and simulate_ldrsw_literal() functions are\nunsafe to use for uprobes. Both functions were originally written for\nuse with kprobes, and access memory with plain C accesses. When uprobes\nwas added, these were reused unmodified even though they cannot safely\naccess user memory.\n\nThere are three key problems:\n\n1) The plain C accesses do not have corresponding extable entries, and\n   thus if they encounter a fault the kernel will treat these as\n   unintentional accesses to user memory, resulting in a BUG() which\n   will kill the kernel thread, and likely lead to further issues (e.g.\n   lockup or panic()).\n\n2) The plain C accesses are subject to HW PAN and SW PAN, and so when\n   either is in use, any attempt to simulate an access to user memory\n   will fault. Thus neither simulate_ldr_literal() nor\n   simulate_ldrsw_literal() can do anything useful when simulating a\n   user instruction on any system with HW PAN or SW PAN.\n\n3) The plain C accesses are privileged, as they run in kernel context,\n   and in practice can access a small range of kernel virtual addresses.\n   The instructions they simulate have a range of +/-1MiB, and since the\n   simulated instructions must itself be a user instructions in the\n   TTBR0 address range, these can address the final 1MiB of the TTBR1\n   acddress range by wrapping downwards from an address in the first\n   1MiB of the TTBR0 address range.\n\n   In contemporary kernels the last 8MiB of TTBR1 address range is\n   reserved, and accesses to this will always fault, meaning this is no\n   worse than (1).\n\n   Historically, it was theoretically possible for the linear map or\n   vmemmap to spill into the final 8MiB of the TTBR1 address range, but\n   in practice this is extremely unlikely to occur as this would\n   require either:\n\n   * Having enough physical memory to fill the entire linear map all the\n     way to the final 1MiB of the TTBR1 address range.\n\n   * Getting unlucky with KASLR randomization of the linear map such\n     that the populated region happens to overlap with the last 1MiB of\n     the TTBR address range.\n\n   ... and in either case if we were to spill into the final page there\n   would be larger problems as the final page would alias with error\n   pointers.\n\nPractically speaking, (1) and (2) are the big issues. Given there have\nbeen no reports of problems since the broken code was introduced, it\nappears that no-one is relying on probing these instructions with\nuprobes.\n\nAvoid these issues by not allowing uprobes on LDR (literal) and LDRSW\n(literal), limiting the use of simulate_ldr_literal() and\nsimulate_ldrsw_literal() to kprobes. Attempts to place uprobes on LDR\n(literal) and LDRSW (literal) will be rejected as\narm_probe_decode_insn() will return INSN_REJECTED. In future we can\nconsider introducing working uprobes support for these instructions, but\nthis will require more significant work."
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              "value": "AV:L - Exploitation requires local access \u2014 registering a uprobe via perf_event_open/tracefs/BPF and executing the probed instruction in a local process. There is no network-reachable path to arch_uprobe_skip_sstep().\nAC:L - With HW PAN (ARMv8.1, present on essentially all modern arm64 CPUs) or SW PAN, every execution of a uprobe placed on LDR/LDRSW (literal) faults deterministically \u2014 no race, no memory-layout luck, no dependence on conditions outside the attacker\u0027s control.\nPR:L - The trigger step (executing the probed instruction, and choosing the low mapping address that makes the load wrap into TTBR1) needs no privileges, and in common tracing/observability deployments an unprivileged user supplies the very binary a privileged agent probes. Only the uprobe registration itself needs CAP_PERFMON, so the lower-privileged actor is the one who deterministically brings the kernel down.\nUI:N - No victim action is needed \u2014 the oops happens automatically the first time the probed instruction is executed, and uprobe attachment by an instrumentation agent is automated policy rather than a human interaction.\nS:U - The fault, oops and disclosure are all confined to the kernel\u0027s own security authority; no VM, IOMMU or sandbox boundary is crossed.\nC:H - The commit documents that the privileged plain-C load can address the final 1MiB of the TTBR1 kernel range by wrapping from a low TTBR0 address, depositing kernel memory contents directly into a user register \u2014 an attacker-steerable out-of-bounds kernel read far larger than a few bytes, and on older affected trees (4.19/5.4/5.10) it could reach the linear map.\nI:L - The simulation writes the kernel-sourced value into the traced process\u0027s general-purpose register, altering that process\u0027s data and control flow with data the attacker does not choose; no kernel memory is written, so the modification is bounded.\nA:H - The faulting access reaches die_kernel_fault() \u2192 die(\"Oops\") \u2192 make_task_dead(SIGKILL), killing the thread from kernel context and triggering a full panic under panic_on_oops; the commit itself warns of resulting lockup or panic, and the condition is repeatable at will."
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            "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\narm64: probes: Remove broken LDR (literal) uprobe support\n\nThe simulate_ldr_literal() and simulate_ldrsw_literal() functions are\nunsafe to use for uprobes. Both functions were originally written for\nuse with kprobes, and access memory with plain C accesses. When uprobes\nwas added, these were reused unmodified even though they cannot safely\naccess user memory.\n\nThere are three key problems:\n\n1) The plain C accesses do not have corresponding extable entries, and\n   thus if they encounter a fault the kernel will treat these as\n   unintentional accesses to user memory, resulting in a BUG() which\n   will kill the kernel thread, and likely lead to further issues (e.g.\n   lockup or panic()).\n\n2) The plain C accesses are subject to HW PAN and SW PAN, and so when\n   either is in use, any attempt to simulate an access to user memory\n   will fault. Thus neither simulate_ldr_literal() nor\n   simulate_ldrsw_literal() can do anything useful when simulating a\n   user instruction on any system with HW PAN or SW PAN.\n\n3) The plain C accesses are privileged, as they run in kernel context,\n   and in practice can access a small range of kernel virtual addresses.\n   The instructions they simulate have a range of +/-1MiB, and since the\n   simulated instructions must itself be a user instructions in the\n   TTBR0 address range, these can address the final 1MiB of the TTBR1\n   acddress range by wrapping downwards from an address in the first\n   1MiB of the TTBR0 address range.\n\n   In contemporary kernels the last 8MiB of TTBR1 address range is\n   reserved, and accesses to this will always fault, meaning this is no\n   worse than (1).\n\n   Historically, it was theoretically possible for the linear map or\n   vmemmap to spill into the final 8MiB of the TTBR1 address range, but\n   in practice this is extremely unlikely to occur as this would\n   require either:\n\n   * Having enough physical memory to fill the entire linear map all the\n     way to the final 1MiB of the TTBR1 address range.\n\n   * Getting unlucky with KASLR randomization of the linear map such\n     that the populated region happens to overlap with the last 1MiB of\n     the TTBR address range.\n\n   ... and in either case if we were to spill into the final page there\n   would be larger problems as the final page would alias with error\n   pointers.\n\nPractically speaking, (1) and (2) are the big issues. Given there have\nbeen no reports of problems since the broken code was introduced, it\nappears that no-one is relying on probing these instructions with\nuprobes.\n\nAvoid these issues by not allowing uprobes on LDR (literal) and LDRSW\n(literal), limiting the use of simulate_ldr_literal() and\nsimulate_ldrsw_literal() to kprobes. Attempts to place uprobes on LDR\n(literal) and LDRSW (literal) will be rejected as\narm_probe_decode_insn() will return INSN_REJECTED. In future we can\nconsider introducing working uprobes support for these instructions, but\nthis will require more significant work."
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          {
            "lang": "es",
            "value": "En el kernel de Linux, se ha resuelto la siguiente vulnerabilidad: arm64: sondas: Eliminar el soporte roto de uprobe LDR (literal). Las funciones simulation_ldr_literal() y simulation_ldrsw_literal() no son seguras para usar con uprobes. Ambas funciones se escribieron originalmente para usar con kprobes y acceder a la memoria con accesos C simples. Cuando se agreg\u00f3 uprobes, se reutilizaron sin modificar a pesar de que no pueden acceder de manera segura a la memoria del usuario. Hay tres problemas clave: 1) Los accesos C simples no tienen entradas extable correspondientes y, por lo tanto, si encuentran un fallo, el kernel los tratar\u00e1 como accesos no intencionales a la memoria del usuario, lo que resultar\u00e1 en un BUG() que matar\u00e1 el hilo del kernel y probablemente conducir\u00e1 a m\u00e1s problemas (por ejemplo, bloqueo o panic()). 2) Los accesos C simples est\u00e1n sujetos a HW PAN y SW PAN, y por lo tanto, cuando cualquiera de ellos est\u00e1 en uso, cualquier intento de simular un acceso a la memoria del usuario fallar\u00e1. Por lo tanto, ni simulation_ldr_literal() ni simulation_ldrsw_literal() pueden hacer nada \u00fatil al simular una instrucci\u00f3n de usuario en cualquier sistema con HW PAN o SW PAN. 3) Los accesos C simples son privilegiados, ya que se ejecutan en el contexto del n\u00facleo y, en la pr\u00e1ctica, pueden acceder a un peque\u00f1o rango de direcciones virtuales del n\u00facleo. Las instrucciones que simulan tienen un rango de +/-1 MiB y, dado que las instrucciones simuladas deben ser instrucciones de usuario en el rango de direcciones TTBR0, estas pueden direccionar el \u00faltimo MiB del rango de direcciones de TTBR1 envolviendo hacia abajo desde una direcci\u00f3n en el primer MiB del rango de direcciones TTBR0. En los n\u00facleos contempor\u00e1neos, los \u00faltimos 8 MiB del rango de direcciones TTBR1 est\u00e1n reservados y los accesos a estos siempre fallar\u00e1n, lo que significa que esto no es peor que (1). Hist\u00f3ricamente, era te\u00f3ricamente posible que el mapa lineal o vmemmap se derramara en los \u00faltimos 8 MiB del rango de direcciones TTBR1, pero en la pr\u00e1ctica esto es extremadamente improbable que ocurra ya que esto requerir\u00eda: * Tener suficiente memoria f\u00edsica para llenar todo el mapa lineal hasta el \u00faltimo 1 MiB del rango de direcciones TTBR1. * Tener mala suerte con la aleatorizaci\u00f3n KASLR del mapa lineal de modo que la regi\u00f3n poblada se superponga con el \u00faltimo 1 MiB del rango de direcciones TTBR. ... y en cualquier caso, si nos desbord\u00e1ramos en la p\u00e1gina final, habr\u00eda problemas m\u00e1s grandes ya que la p\u00e1gina final tendr\u00eda alias con punteros de error. Pr\u00e1cticamente hablando, (1) y (2) son los grandes problemas. Dado que no ha habido informes de problemas desde que se introdujo el c\u00f3digo roto, parece que nadie conf\u00eda en sondear estas instrucciones con uprobes. Evite estos problemas al no permitir uprobes en LDR (literal) y LDRSW (literal), y al limitar el uso de simulation_ldr_literal() y simulation_ldrsw_literal() a kprobes. Los intentos de colocar uprobes en LDR (literal) y LDRSW (literal) ser\u00e1n rechazados ya que arm_probe_decode_insn() devolver\u00e1 INSN_REJECTED. En el futuro, podemos considerar la introducci\u00f3n de compatibilidad con uprobes funcionales para estas instrucciones, pero esto requerir\u00e1 un trabajo m\u00e1s significativo."
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                  "status": "unaffected",
                  "version": "4.19.323",
                  "versionType": "semver"
                },
                {
                  "lessThanOrEqual": "5.4.*",
                  "status": "unaffected",
                  "version": "5.4.285",
                  "versionType": "semver"
                },
                {
                  "lessThanOrEqual": "5.10.*",
                  "status": "unaffected",
                  "version": "5.10.228",
                  "versionType": "semver"
                },
                {
                  "lessThanOrEqual": "5.15.*",
                  "status": "unaffected",
                  "version": "5.15.169",
                  "versionType": "semver"
                },
                {
                  "lessThanOrEqual": "6.1.*",
                  "status": "unaffected",
                  "version": "6.1.114",
                  "versionType": "semver"
                },
                {
                  "lessThanOrEqual": "6.6.*",
                  "status": "unaffected",
                  "version": "6.6.58",
                  "versionType": "semver"
                },
                {
                  "lessThanOrEqual": "6.11.*",
                  "status": "unaffected",
                  "version": "6.11.5",
                  "versionType": "semver"
                },
                {
                  "lessThanOrEqual": "*",
                  "status": "unaffected",
                  "version": "6.12",
                  "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
                }
              ]
            }
          ],
          "cpeApplicability": [
            {
              "nodes": [
                {
                  "cpeMatch": [
                    {
                      "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                      "versionEndExcluding": "4.19.323",
                      "versionStartIncluding": "4.10",
                      "vulnerable": true
                    },
                    {
                      "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                      "versionEndExcluding": "5.4.285",
                      "versionStartIncluding": "4.10",
                      "vulnerable": true
                    },
                    {
                      "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                      "versionEndExcluding": "5.10.228",
                      "versionStartIncluding": "4.10",
                      "vulnerable": true
                    },
                    {
                      "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                      "versionEndExcluding": "5.15.169",
                      "versionStartIncluding": "4.10",
                      "vulnerable": true
                    },
                    {
                      "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                      "versionEndExcluding": "6.1.114",
                      "versionStartIncluding": "4.10",
                      "vulnerable": true
                    },
                    {
                      "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                      "versionEndExcluding": "6.6.58",
                      "versionStartIncluding": "4.10",
                      "vulnerable": true
                    },
                    {
                      "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                      "versionEndExcluding": "6.11.5",
                      "versionStartIncluding": "4.10",
                      "vulnerable": true
                    },
                    {
                      "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                      "versionEndExcluding": "6.12",
                      "versionStartIncluding": "4.10",
                      "vulnerable": true
                    }
                  ],
                  "negate": false,
                  "operator": "OR"
                }
              ]
            }
          ],
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\narm64: probes: Remove broken LDR (literal) uprobe support\n\nThe simulate_ldr_literal() and simulate_ldrsw_literal() functions are\nunsafe to use for uprobes. Both functions were originally written for\nuse with kprobes, and access memory with plain C accesses. When uprobes\nwas added, these were reused unmodified even though they cannot safely\naccess user memory.\n\nThere are three key problems:\n\n1) The plain C accesses do not have corresponding extable entries, and\n   thus if they encounter a fault the kernel will treat these as\n   unintentional accesses to user memory, resulting in a BUG() which\n   will kill the kernel thread, and likely lead to further issues (e.g.\n   lockup or panic()).\n\n2) The plain C accesses are subject to HW PAN and SW PAN, and so when\n   either is in use, any attempt to simulate an access to user memory\n   will fault. Thus neither simulate_ldr_literal() nor\n   simulate_ldrsw_literal() can do anything useful when simulating a\n   user instruction on any system with HW PAN or SW PAN.\n\n3) The plain C accesses are privileged, as they run in kernel context,\n   and in practice can access a small range of kernel virtual addresses.\n   The instructions they simulate have a range of +/-1MiB, and since the\n   simulated instructions must itself be a user instructions in the\n   TTBR0 address range, these can address the final 1MiB of the TTBR1\n   acddress range by wrapping downwards from an address in the first\n   1MiB of the TTBR0 address range.\n\n   In contemporary kernels the last 8MiB of TTBR1 address range is\n   reserved, and accesses to this will always fault, meaning this is no\n   worse than (1).\n\n   Historically, it was theoretically possible for the linear map or\n   vmemmap to spill into the final 8MiB of the TTBR1 address range, but\n   in practice this is extremely unlikely to occur as this would\n   require either:\n\n   * Having enough physical memory to fill the entire linear map all the\n     way to the final 1MiB of the TTBR1 address range.\n\n   * Getting unlucky with KASLR randomization of the linear map such\n     that the populated region happens to overlap with the last 1MiB of\n     the TTBR address range.\n\n   ... and in either case if we were to spill into the final page there\n   would be larger problems as the final page would alias with error\n   pointers.\n\nPractically speaking, (1) and (2) are the big issues. Given there have\nbeen no reports of problems since the broken code was introduced, it\nappears that no-one is relying on probing these instructions with\nuprobes.\n\nAvoid these issues by not allowing uprobes on LDR (literal) and LDRSW\n(literal), limiting the use of simulate_ldr_literal() and\nsimulate_ldrsw_literal() to kprobes. Attempts to place uprobes on LDR\n(literal) and LDRSW (literal) will be rejected as\narm_probe_decode_insn() will return INSN_REJECTED. In future we can\nconsider introducing working uprobes support for these instructions, but\nthis will require more significant work."
            }
          ],
          "providerMetadata": {
            "dateUpdated": "2025-05-04T09:45:57.675Z",
            "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
            "shortName": "Linux"
          },
          "references": [
            {
              "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/cc86f2e9876c8b5300238cec6bf0bd8c842078ee"
            },
            {
              "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ae743deca78d9e4b7f4f60ad2f95e20e8ea057f9"
            },
            {
              "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/3728b4eb27910ffedd173018279a970705f2e03a"
            },
            {
              "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ad4bc35a6d22e9ff9b67d0d0c38bce654232f195"
            },
            {
              "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/bae792617a7e911477f67a3aff850ad4ddf51572"
            },
            {
              "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/9f1e7735474e7457a4d919a517900e46868ae5f6"
            },
            {
              "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/20cde998315a3d2df08e26079a3ea7501abce6db"
            },
            {
              "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/acc450aa07099d071b18174c22a1119c57da8227"
            }
          ],
          "title": "arm64: probes: Remove broken LDR (literal) uprobe support",
          "x_generator": {
            "engine": "bippy-1.2.0"
          }
        }
      },
      "cveMetadata": {
        "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "assignerShortName": "Linux",
        "cveId": "CVE-2024-50099",
        "datePublished": "2024-11-05T17:07:37.336Z",
        "dateReserved": "2024-10-21T19:36:19.945Z",
        "dateUpdated": "2025-11-03T22:25:30.760Z",
        "state": "PUBLISHED"
      },
      "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
      "dataVersion": "5.2"
    }
  }
}



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Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.

Sightings

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Nomenclature

  • Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
  • Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
  • Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
  • Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
  • Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.


Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.


Related by attack behaviour

Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.