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CVE-2023-53759 (GCVE-0-2023-53759)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-12-08 01:19 – Updated: 2026-08-05 09:15
VLAI
Title
HID: hidraw: fix data race on device refcount
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: HID: hidraw: fix data race on device refcount The hidraw_open() function increments the hidraw device reference counter. The counter has no dedicated synchronization mechanism, resulting in a potential data race when concurrently opening a device. The race is a regression introduced by commit 8590222e4b02 ("HID: hidraw: Replace hidraw device table mutex with a rwsem"). While minors_rwsem is intended to protect the hidraw_table itself, by instead acquiring the lock for writing, the reference counter is also protected. This is symmetrical to hidraw_release().
Severity
7.8 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version CPE status
Linux Linux Affected: 8590222e4b021054a7167a4dd35b152a8ed7018e , < 879e79c3aead41b8aa2e91164354b30bd1c4ef3b (git)
Affected: 8590222e4b021054a7167a4dd35b152a8ed7018e , < ff348eabd97577da974d3db7038857f28c61d2bd (git)
Affected: 8590222e4b021054a7167a4dd35b152a8ed7018e , < 05b47034e2488c2924e5c032e20a1979d012b5b5 (git)
Affected: 8590222e4b021054a7167a4dd35b152a8ed7018e , < 944ee77dc6ec7b0afd8ec70ffc418b238c92f12b (git)
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Linux Linux Affected: 5.17
Unaffected: 0 , < 5.17 (semver)
Unaffected: 6.1.37 , ≤ 6.1.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.3.11 , ≤ 6.3.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.4.1 , ≤ 6.4.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.5 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix)
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{
  "containers": {
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      "affected": [
        {
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "drivers/hid/hidraw.c"
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              "operator": "OR"
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          "lang": "en",
          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nHID: hidraw: fix data race on device refcount\n\nThe hidraw_open() function increments the hidraw device reference\ncounter. The counter has no dedicated synchronization mechanism,\nresulting in a potential data race when concurrently opening a device.\n\nThe race is a regression introduced by commit 8590222e4b02 (\"HID:\nhidraw: Replace hidraw device table mutex with a rwsem\"). While\nminors_rwsem is intended to protect the hidraw_table itself, by instead\nacquiring the lock for writing, the reference counter is also protected.\nThis is symmetrical to hidraw_release()."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
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          "cvssV3_1": {
            "baseScore": 7.8,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "scenarios": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "AV:L - The vulnerable code is reached by `open()`/`read()`/`poll()`/`close()` on the `/dev/hidrawN` character device, requiring local access to the system. No network or physical interaction with the bus is needed to drive the race itself.\nAC:L - The attacker controls both sides of the race \u2014 it is simply two or more threads calling `open()` on the same hidraw node in a loop, retryable indefinitely until the non-atomic `dev-\u003eopen++` loses an update. The race is known to trigger accidentally during normal FIDO2 device probing (systemd issue #27947), and HID hot-unplug/Bluetooth-link-loss events needed to convert the refcount skew into a free are routine and inducible.\nPR:L - An unprivileged local user needs only read access to a hidraw node; systemd\u0027s uaccess/seat udev rules grant the logged-in user an ACL on hidraw devices for FIDO2 tokens, hardware wallets, 3D mice and game controllers (empirically confirmed: `crw-rw----+` with `user:\u003cuid\u003e:rw-`). No capability, no root, no ioctl gate.\nUI:N - The attacker\u0027s own threads perform every step of the attack; no victim action is required. Device detach events occur spontaneously (Bluetooth link loss, dongle removal, uhid teardown) or can be caused by the attacker themselves.\nS:U - The refcount corruption and resulting use-after-free are confined to kernel memory within the same security authority; there is no VM, IOMMU, or sandbox boundary crossed.\nC:H - The premature `kfree(struct hidraw)` leaves `list-\u003ehidraw` dangling, and `hidraw_read()` dereferences `list-\u003ehidraw-\u003eexist` and the embedded wait queue on reclaimed memory; a UAF on a small kmalloc object with attacker-sprayed contents yields an arbitrary-read primitive and kernel memory disclosure.\nI:H - `add_wait_queue()`/`remove_wait_queue()` on the freed `hidraw-\u003ewait` write list pointers into reclaimed heap memory, and a sprayed replacement object gives attacker-controlled `list_head` pointers plus a controlled `wait_queue_entry-\u003efunc` call \u2014 an arbitrary write and control-flow hijack. The stale-minor path also corrupts a different, live `struct hidraw`\u0027s refcount.\nA:H - `hidraw_release()` on the orphaned fd dereferences a NULL `hidraw_table[minor]` for a guaranteed oops, and the UAF crashes the kernel outright; additionally the refcount underflow permanently leaks hidraw minors (only 64 exist), denying hidraw registration to all future HID devices."
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T09:15:51.129Z",
        "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "shortName": "Linux"
      },
      "references": [
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          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/879e79c3aead41b8aa2e91164354b30bd1c4ef3b"
        },
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          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ff348eabd97577da974d3db7038857f28c61d2bd"
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          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/05b47034e2488c2924e5c032e20a1979d012b5b5"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/944ee77dc6ec7b0afd8ec70ffc418b238c92f12b"
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      "title": "HID: hidraw: fix data race on device refcount",
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    "assignerShortName": "Linux",
    "cveId": "CVE-2023-53759",
    "datePublished": "2025-12-08T01:19:20.432Z",
    "dateReserved": "2025-12-08T01:18:04.280Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T09:15:51.129Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
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  "vulnerability-lookup:meta": {
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      "date": "2026-09-17",
      "epss": "0.00142",
      "percentile": "0.03914"
    },
    "nvd": "{\"cve\":{\"id\":\"CVE-2023-53759\",\"sourceIdentifier\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"published\":\"2025-12-08T02:15:51.650\",\"lastModified\":\"2026-08-04T10:19:20.187\",\"vulnStatus\":\"Deferred\",\"cveTags\":[],\"descriptions\":[{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\\n\\nHID: hidraw: fix data race on device refcount\\n\\nThe hidraw_open() function increments the hidraw device reference\\ncounter. The counter has no dedicated synchronization mechanism,\\nresulting in a potential data race when concurrently opening a device.\\n\\nThe race is a regression introduced by commit 8590222e4b02 (\\\"HID:\\nhidraw: Replace hidraw device table mutex with a rwsem\\\"). While\\nminors_rwsem is intended to protect the hidraw_table itself, by instead\\nacquiring the lock for writing, the reference counter is also protected.\\nThis is symmetrical to hidraw_release().\"}],\"affected\":[{\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"affectedData\":[{\"vendor\":\"Linux\",\"product\":\"Linux\",\"defaultStatus\":\"unaffected\",\"programFiles\":[\"drivers/hid/hidraw.c\"],\"repo\":\"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git\",\"versions\":[{\"version\":\"8590222e4b021054a7167a4dd35b152a8ed7018e\",\"lessThan\":\"879e79c3aead41b8aa2e91164354b30bd1c4ef3b\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"8590222e4b021054a7167a4dd35b152a8ed7018e\",\"lessThan\":\"ff348eabd97577da974d3db7038857f28c61d2bd\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"8590222e4b021054a7167a4dd35b152a8ed7018e\",\"lessThan\":\"05b47034e2488c2924e5c032e20a1979d012b5b5\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"8590222e4b021054a7167a4dd35b152a8ed7018e\",\"lessThan\":\"944ee77dc6ec7b0afd8ec70ffc418b238c92f12b\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"}]},{\"vendor\":\"Linux\",\"product\":\"Linux\",\"defaultStatus\":\"affected\",\"programFiles\":[\"drivers/hid/hidraw.c\"],\"repo\":\"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git\",\"versions\":[{\"version\":\"5.17\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"0\",\"lessThan\":\"5.17\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.1.37\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"6.1.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.3.11\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"6.3.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.4.1\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"6.4.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.5\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"*\",\"versionType\":\"original_commit_for_fix\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"}]}]}],\"metrics\":{\"cvssMetricV31\":[{\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"type\":\"Secondary\",\"cvssData\":{\"version\":\"3.1\",\"vectorString\":\"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H\",\"baseScore\":7.8,\"baseSeverity\":\"HIGH\",\"attackVector\":\"LOCAL\",\"attackComplexity\":\"LOW\",\"privilegesRequired\":\"LOW\",\"userInteraction\":\"NONE\",\"scope\":\"UNCHANGED\",\"confidentialityImpact\":\"HIGH\",\"integrityImpact\":\"HIGH\",\"availabilityImpact\":\"HIGH\"},\"exploitabilityScore\":1.8,\"impactScore\":5.9}]},\"references\":[{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/05b47034e2488c2924e5c032e20a1979d012b5b5\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/879e79c3aead41b8aa2e91164354b30bd1c4ef3b\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/944ee77dc6ec7b0afd8ec70ffc418b238c92f12b\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ff348eabd97577da974d3db7038857f28c61d2bd\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"}]}}",
    "redhat_vex": {
      "aggregate_severity": "Moderate",
      "current_release_date": "2026-08-04T19:16:00+00:00",
      "cve": "CVE-2023-53759",
      "id": "CVE-2023-53759",
      "initial_release_date": "2023-01-01T00:00:00+00:00",
      "product_status:known_affected": "122",
      "product_status:known_not_affected": "152",
      "source": "Red Hat CSAF VEX",
      "status": "final",
      "title": "kernel: Linux kernel: High impact due to data race in hidraw_open() during concurrent device opening",
      "url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2023/cve-2023-53759.json",
      "version": "3"
    }
  }
}



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Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.

Sightings

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Nomenclature

  • Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
  • Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
  • Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
  • Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
  • Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.


Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.


Related by attack behaviour

Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.