CVE-2023-36528 (GCVE-0-2023-36528)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-12-13 14:23 – Updated: 2026-04-28 16:08
VLAI
Title
WordPress kk Star Ratings plugin <= 5.4.3 - Rate Manipulation due to IP Spoofing Vulnerability
Summary
Missing Authorization vulnerability in FeedbackWP kk Star Ratings allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects kk Star Ratings: from n/a through 5.4.3.
Severity
5.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2024-12-13 20:44 UTC
CWE
Assigner
Patchstack CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard B 76/100 over 3590 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version CPE status
FeedbackWP kk Star Ratings Affected: n/a , ≤ 5.4.3 (custom)
guessed Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Mika (Patchstack Alliance)
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2023-36528",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "none"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "yes"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "partial"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2024-12-13T20:44:29.285949Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2024-12-13T20:44:59.613Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "collectionURL": "https://wordpress.org/plugins",
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "packageName": "kk-star-ratings",
          "product": "kk Star Ratings",
          "vendor": "FeedbackWP",
          "versions": [
            {
              "changes": [
                {
                  "at": "5.4.4",
                  "status": "unaffected"
                }
              ],
              "lessThanOrEqual": "5.4.3",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "n/a",
              "versionType": "custom"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "credits": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "type": "finder",
          "user": "00000000-0000-4000-9000-000000000000",
          "value": "Mika (Patchstack Alliance)"
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "supportingMedia": [
            {
              "base64": false,
              "type": "text/html",
              "value": "\u003cp\u003eMissing Authorization vulnerability in FeedbackWP kk Star Ratings allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThis issue affects kk Star Ratings: from n/a through 5.4.3.\u003c/p\u003e"
            }
          ],
          "value": "Missing Authorization vulnerability in FeedbackWP kk Star Ratings allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects kk Star Ratings: from n/a through 5.4.3."
        }
      ],
      "impacts": [
        {
          "capecId": "CAPEC-180",
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "CAPEC-180 Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "attackComplexity": "LOW",
            "attackVector": "NETWORK",
            "availabilityImpact": "NONE",
            "baseScore": 5.3,
            "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
            "confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
            "integrityImpact": "LOW",
            "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
            "scope": "UNCHANGED",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "format": "CVSS",
          "scenarios": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "GENERAL"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-862",
              "description": "CWE-862 Missing Authorization",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-04-28T16:08:31.328Z",
        "orgId": "21595511-bba5-4825-b968-b78d1f9984a3",
        "shortName": "Patchstack"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "tags": [
            "vdb-entry"
          ],
          "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/wordpress/plugin/kk-star-ratings/vulnerability/wordpress-kk-star-ratings-plugin-5-4-3-rate-manipulation-due-to-ip-spoofing-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
        }
      ],
      "solutions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "supportingMedia": [
            {
              "base64": false,
              "type": "text/html",
              "value": "Update the WordPress kk Star Ratings plugin to the latest available version (at least 5.4.4)."
            }
          ],
          "value": "Update the WordPress kk Star Ratings plugin to the latest available version (at least 5.4.4)."
        }
      ],
      "source": {
        "discovery": "EXTERNAL"
      },
      "title": "WordPress kk Star Ratings plugin \u003c= 5.4.3 - Rate Manipulation due to IP Spoofing Vulnerability",
      "x_generator": {
        "engine": "Vulnogram 0.2.0"
      }
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "21595511-bba5-4825-b968-b78d1f9984a3",
    "assignerShortName": "Patchstack",
    "cveId": "CVE-2023-36528",
    "datePublished": "2024-12-13T14:23:45.352Z",
    "dateReserved": "2023-06-22T14:28:32.642Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-04-28T16:08:31.328Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2",
  "vulnerability-lookup:meta": {
    "epss": {
      "cve": "CVE-2023-36528",
      "date": "2026-11-13",
      "epss": "0.00559",
      "percentile": "0.47087"
    },
    "nvd": {
      "cve": {
        "affected": [
          {
            "affectedData": [
              {
                "collectionURL": "https://wordpress.org/plugins",
                "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
                "packageName": "kk-star-ratings",
                "product": "kk Star Ratings",
                "vendor": "FeedbackWP",
                "versions": [
                  {
                    "changes": [
                      {
                        "at": "5.4.4",
                        "status": "unaffected"
                      }
                    ],
                    "lessThanOrEqual": "5.4.3",
                    "status": "affected",
                    "version": "n/a",
                    "versionType": "custom"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ],
            "source": "audit@patchstack.com"
          }
        ],
        "cveTags": [],
        "descriptions": [
          {
            "lang": "en",
            "value": "Missing Authorization vulnerability in FeedbackWP kk Star Ratings allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects kk Star Ratings: from n/a through 5.4.3."
          },
          {
            "lang": "es",
            "value": "La vulnerabilidad de autorizaci\u00f3n faltante en FeedbackWP kk Star Ratings permite explotar niveles de seguridad de control de acceso configurados incorrectamente. Este problema afecta a kk Star Ratings: desde n/a hasta 5.4.3."
          }
        ],
        "id": "CVE-2023-36528",
        "lastModified": "2026-06-17T06:06:28.253",
        "metrics": {
          "cvssMetricV31": [
            {
              "cvssData": {
                "attackComplexity": "LOW",
                "attackVector": "NETWORK",
                "availabilityImpact": "NONE",
                "baseScore": 5.3,
                "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
                "confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
                "integrityImpact": "LOW",
                "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
                "scope": "UNCHANGED",
                "userInteraction": "NONE",
                "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
                "version": "3.1"
              },
              "exploitabilityScore": 3.9,
              "impactScore": 1.4,
              "source": "audit@patchstack.com",
              "type": "Secondary"
            }
          ],
          "ssvcV203": [
            {
              "source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
              "ssvcData": {
                "id": "CVE-2023-36528",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "exploitation": "none"
                  },
                  {
                    "automatable": "yes"
                  },
                  {
                    "technicalImpact": "partial"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2024-12-13T20:44:29.285949Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              }
            }
          ]
        },
        "published": "2024-12-13T15:15:17.417",
        "references": [
          {
            "source": "audit@patchstack.com",
            "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/wordpress/plugin/kk-star-ratings/vulnerability/wordpress-kk-star-ratings-plugin-5-4-3-rate-manipulation-due-to-ip-spoofing-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
          }
        ],
        "sourceIdentifier": "audit@patchstack.com",
        "vulnStatus": "Deferred",
        "weaknesses": [
          {
            "description": [
              {
                "lang": "en",
                "value": "CWE-862"
              }
            ],
            "source": "audit@patchstack.com",
            "type": "Secondary"
          }
        ]
      }
    },
    "redhat_vex": {
      "current_release_date": "2026-04-29T01:04:40+00:00",
      "cve": "CVE-2023-36528",
      "id": "CVE-2023-36528",
      "initial_release_date": "2023-01-01T00:00:00+00:00",
      "product_status:known_not_affected": "1",
      "source": "Red Hat CSAF VEX",
      "status": "final",
      "title": "WordPress kk Star Ratings plugin \u003c= 5.4.3 - Rate Manipulation due to IP Spoofing Vulnerability",
      "url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2023/cve-2023-36528.json",
      "version": "3"
    },
    "vulnrichment": {
      "containers": {
        "adp": [
          {
            "metrics": [
              {
                "other": {
                  "content": {
                    "id": "CVE-2023-36528",
                    "options": [
                      {
                        "Exploitation": "none"
                      },
                      {
                        "Automatable": "yes"
                      },
                      {
                        "Technical Impact": "partial"
                      }
                    ],
                    "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                    "timestamp": "2024-12-13T20:44:29.285949Z",
                    "version": "2.0.3"
                  },
                  "type": "ssvc"
                }
              }
            ],
            "providerMetadata": {
              "dateUpdated": "2024-12-13T20:44:50.836Z",
              "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
              "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
            },
            "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
          }
        ],
        "cna": {
          "affected": [
            {
              "collectionURL": "https://wordpress.org/plugins",
              "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
              "packageName": "kk-star-ratings",
              "product": "kk Star Ratings",
              "vendor": "properfraction",
              "versions": [
                {
                  "changes": [
                    {
                      "at": "5.4.4",
                      "status": "unaffected"
                    }
                  ],
                  "lessThanOrEqual": "5.4.3",
                  "status": "affected",
                  "version": "0",
                  "versionType": "custom"
                }
              ]
            }
          ],
          "credits": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "finder",
              "value": "Mika | Patchstack Bug Bounty Program"
            }
          ],
          "datePublic": "2026-04-22T14:34:56.528Z",
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "supportingMedia": [
                {
                  "base64": false,
                  "type": "text/html",
                  "value": "Missing Authorization vulnerability in properfraction kk Star Ratings kk-star-ratings allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.\u003cp\u003eThis issue affects kk Star Ratings: from n/a through \u003c= 5.4.3.\u003c/p\u003e"
                }
              ],
              "value": "Missing Authorization vulnerability in properfraction kk Star Ratings kk-star-ratings allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects kk Star Ratings: from n/a through \u003c= 5.4.3."
            }
          ],
          "impacts": [
            {
              "capecId": "CAPEC-180",
              "descriptions": [
                {
                  "lang": "en",
                  "value": "Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels"
                }
              ]
            }
          ],
          "metrics": [
            {
              "cvssV3_1": {
                "attackComplexity": "LOW",
                "attackVector": "NETWORK",
                "availabilityImpact": "NONE",
                "baseScore": 5.3,
                "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
                "confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
                "integrityImpact": "LOW",
                "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
                "scope": "UNCHANGED",
                "userInteraction": "NONE",
                "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
                "version": "3.1"
              },
              "format": "CVSS",
              "scenarios": [
                {
                  "lang": "en",
                  "value": "GENERAL"
                }
              ]
            }
          ],
          "problemTypes": [
            {
              "descriptions": [
                {
                  "cweId": "CWE-862",
                  "description": "Missing Authorization",
                  "lang": "en",
                  "type": "CWE"
                }
              ]
            }
          ],
          "providerMetadata": {
            "dateUpdated": "2026-04-23T13:50:06.335Z",
            "orgId": "21595511-bba5-4825-b968-b78d1f9984a3",
            "shortName": "Patchstack"
          },
          "references": [
            {
              "tags": [
                "vdb-entry"
              ],
              "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Plugin/kk-star-ratings/vulnerability/wordpress-kk-star-ratings-plugin-5-4-3-rate-manipulation-due-to-ip-spoofing-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
            }
          ],
          "title": "WordPress kk Star Ratings plugin \u003c= 5.4.3 - Rate Manipulation due to IP Spoofing Vulnerability"
        }
      },
      "cveMetadata": {
        "assignerOrgId": "21595511-bba5-4825-b968-b78d1f9984a3",
        "assignerShortName": "Patchstack",
        "cveId": "CVE-2023-36528",
        "datePublished": "2024-12-13T14:23:45.352Z",
        "dateReserved": "2023-06-22T14:28:32.642Z",
        "dateUpdated": "2026-04-23T13:50:06.335Z",
        "state": "PUBLISHED"
      },
      "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
      "dataVersion": "5.2"
    }
  }
}



Log in or create an account to share your comment.




Tags
Taxonomy of the tags.




Drag nodes to arrange them. Double-click a related vulnerability to open it, or a source to visit its link. The Physics button on the left tunes the layout and the simulation; the legend at the bottom left hides or shows nodes by kind and by sighting type.

Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.

Sightings

Author Source Type Date Other

Nomenclature

  • Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
  • Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
  • Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
  • Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
  • Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Vulnerability timeline

Sightings and recorded dates, grouped by day · UTC

JSON
How durations are calculated

Following the VTEM framework (Black Hat USA 2015), time to patch starts when the vendor or a coordinator was informed, total time to patch at discovery, and disclosure to patch at public disclosure; vendor response time runs from the report to its acknowledgement. Time to exploit and time unpatched start at the earliest discovery or report, falling back to public disclosure. Unpatched time ends at the first recorded patch, or the calculation time when no patch is recorded. Exploitation to patch shows the interval between those two events; a published proof of concept is a public exploit, not exploitation.

Each result shows its source dates. A negative interval means the end event came first; when date-only inputs leave the order open, the result says so. Date-only inputs are approximate. The earliest evidence wins: KEV report dates and sightings are labelled as such. Records describing another vulnerability are listed but never calculated from, and a PoC alone does not establish exploitation. Missing patch evidence does not prove that no patch exists. Filters below change the event list only.

Loading timeline…




    Related by attack behaviour

    Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.