CVE-2023-2828 (GCVE-0-2023-2828)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-06-21 16:26 – Updated: 2025-02-13 16:48
VLAI
Title
named's configured cache size limit can be significantly exceeded
Summary
Every `named` instance configured to run as a recursive resolver maintains a cache database holding the responses to the queries it has recently sent to authoritative servers. The size limit for that cache database can be configured using the `max-cache-size` statement in the configuration file; it defaults to 90% of the total amount of memory available on the host. When the size of the cache reaches 7/8 of the configured limit, a cache-cleaning algorithm starts to remove expired and/or least-recently used RRsets from the cache, to keep memory use below the configured limit. It has been discovered that the effectiveness of the cache-cleaning algorithm used in `named` can be severely diminished by querying the resolver for specific RRsets in a certain order, effectively allowing the configured `max-cache-size` limit to be significantly exceeded. This issue affects BIND 9 versions 9.11.0 through 9.16.41, 9.18.0 through 9.18.15, 9.19.0 through 9.19.13, 9.11.3-S1 through 9.16.41-S1, and 9.18.11-S1 through 9.18.15-S1.
Severity
7.5 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Assigner
isc
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
ISC BIND 9 Affected: 9.11.0 , ≤ 9.16.41 (custom)
Affected: 9.18.0 , ≤ 9.18.15 (custom)
Affected: 9.19.0 , ≤ 9.19.13 (custom)
Affected: 9.11.3-S1 , ≤ 9.16.41-S1 (custom)
Affected: 9.18.11-S1 , ≤ 9.18.15-S1 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2023-06-21 00:00
Credits
ISC would like to thank Shoham Danino from Reichman University, Anat Bremler-Barr from Tel-Aviv University, Yehuda Afek from Tel-Aviv University, and Yuval Shavitt from Tel-Aviv University for bringing this vulnerability to our attention.
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The effectiveness of the attack depends on a number of factors (e.g. query load, query patterns), but since the default value of the `max-cache-size` statement is `90%`, in the worst case the attacker can exhaust all available memory on the host running `named`, leading to a denial-of-service condition.\"}]}], \"metrics\": [{\"cvssV3_1\": {\"scope\": \"UNCHANGED\", \"version\": \"3.1\", \"baseScore\": 7.5, \"attackVector\": \"NETWORK\", \"baseSeverity\": \"HIGH\", \"vectorString\": \"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H\", \"integrityImpact\": \"NONE\", \"userInteraction\": \"NONE\", \"attackComplexity\": \"LOW\", \"availabilityImpact\": \"HIGH\", \"privilegesRequired\": \"NONE\", \"confidentialityImpact\": \"NONE\"}}], \"affected\": [{\"vendor\": \"ISC\", \"product\": \"BIND 9\", \"versions\": [{\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"9.11.0\", \"versionType\": \"custom\", \"lessThanOrEqual\": \"9.16.41\"}, {\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"9.18.0\", \"versionType\": \"custom\", \"lessThanOrEqual\": \"9.18.15\"}, {\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"9.19.0\", \"versionType\": \"custom\", \"lessThanOrEqual\": \"9.19.13\"}, {\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"9.11.3-S1\", \"versionType\": \"custom\", \"lessThanOrEqual\": \"9.16.41-S1\"}, {\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"9.18.11-S1\", \"versionType\": \"custom\", \"lessThanOrEqual\": \"9.18.15-S1\"}], \"defaultStatus\": \"unaffected\"}], \"exploits\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"value\": \"We are not aware of any active exploits.\"}], \"solutions\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"value\": \"Upgrade to the patched release most closely related to your current version of BIND 9: 9.16.42, 9.18.16, 9.19.14, 9.16.42-S1, or 9.18.16-S1.\"}], \"datePublic\": \"2023-06-21T00:00:00Z\", \"references\": [{\"url\": \"https://kb.isc.org/docs/cve-2023-2828\", \"name\": \"CVE-2023-2828\", \"tags\": [\"vendor-advisory\"]}, {\"url\": \"http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2023/06/21/6\"}, {\"url\": \"https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/U3K6AJK7RRSR53HRF5GGKPA6PDUDWOD2/\"}, {\"url\": \"https://www.debian.org/security/2023/dsa-5439\"}, {\"url\": \"https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/SEFCEVCTYEMKTWA7V7EYPI5YQQ4JWDLI/\"}, {\"url\": \"https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20230703-0010/\"}, {\"url\": \"https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2023/07/msg00021.html\"}], \"workarounds\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"value\": \"No workarounds known.\"}], \"descriptions\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"value\": \"Every `named` instance configured to run as a recursive resolver maintains a cache database holding the responses to the queries it has recently sent to authoritative servers. The size limit for that cache database can be configured using the `max-cache-size` statement in the configuration file; it defaults to 90% of the total amount of memory available on the host. When the size of the cache reaches 7/8 of the configured limit, a cache-cleaning algorithm starts to remove expired and/or least-recently used RRsets from the cache, to keep memory use below the configured limit.\\n\\nIt has been discovered that the effectiveness of the cache-cleaning algorithm used in `named` can be severely diminished by querying the resolver for specific RRsets in a certain order, effectively allowing the configured `max-cache-size` limit to be significantly exceeded.\\nThis issue affects BIND 9 versions 9.11.0 through 9.16.41, 9.18.0 through 9.18.15, 9.19.0 through 9.19.13, 9.11.3-S1 through 9.16.41-S1, and 9.18.11-S1 through 9.18.15-S1.\"}], \"providerMetadata\": {\"orgId\": \"404fd4d2-a609-4245-b543-2c944a302a22\", \"shortName\": \"isc\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2023-06-21T16:26:07.096Z\"}}}",
      "cveMetadata": "{\"cveId\": \"CVE-2023-2828\", \"state\": \"PUBLISHED\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2024-12-06T18:36:35.647Z\", \"dateReserved\": \"2023-05-22T07:57:41.362Z\", \"assignerOrgId\": \"404fd4d2-a609-4245-b543-2c944a302a22\", \"datePublished\": \"2023-06-21T16:26:07.096Z\", \"assignerShortName\": \"isc\"}",
      "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
      "dataVersion": "5.1"
    }
  }
}


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Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.

Sightings

Author Source Type Date Other

Nomenclature

  • Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
  • Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
  • Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
  • Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
  • Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.


Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.