CVE-2023-25194 (GCVE-0-2023-25194)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-02-07 19:11 – Updated: 2025-03-25 14:12
VLAI
Title
Apache Kafka Connect API: Possible RCE/Denial of service attack via SASL JAAS JndiLoginModule configuration using Kafka Connect
Summary
A possible security vulnerability has been identified in Apache Kafka Connect API. This requires access to a Kafka Connect worker, and the ability to create/modify connectors on it with an arbitrary Kafka client SASL JAAS config and a SASL-based security protocol, which has been possible on Kafka Connect clusters since Apache Kafka Connect 2.3.0. When configuring the connector via the Kafka Connect REST API, an authenticated operator can set the `sasl.jaas.config` property for any of the connector's Kafka clients to "com.sun.security.auth.module.JndiLoginModule", which can be done via the `producer.override.sasl.jaas.config`, `consumer.override.sasl.jaas.config`, or `admin.override.sasl.jaas.config` properties. This will allow the server to connect to the attacker's LDAP server and deserialize the LDAP response, which the attacker can use to execute java deserialization gadget chains on the Kafka connect server. Attacker can cause unrestricted deserialization of untrusted data (or) RCE vulnerability when there are gadgets in the classpath. Since Apache Kafka 3.0.0, users are allowed to specify these properties in connector configurations for Kafka Connect clusters running with out-of-the-box configurations. Before Apache Kafka 3.0.0, users may not specify these properties unless the Kafka Connect cluster has been reconfigured with a connector client override policy that permits them. Since Apache Kafka 3.4.0, we have added a system property ("-Dorg.apache.kafka.disallowed.login.modules") to disable the problematic login modules usage in SASL JAAS configuration. Also by default "com.sun.security.auth.module.JndiLoginModule" is disabled in Apache Kafka Connect 3.4.0. We advise the Kafka Connect users to validate connector configurations and only allow trusted JNDI configurations. Also examine connector dependencies for vulnerable versions and either upgrade their connectors, upgrading that specific dependency, or removing the connectors as options for remediation. Finally, in addition to leveraging the "org.apache.kafka.disallowed.login.modules" system property, Kafka Connect users can also implement their own connector client config override policy, which can be used to control which Kafka client properties can be overridden directly in a connector config and which cannot.
Severity
8.8 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-502 - Deserialization of Untrusted Data
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Credits
Apache Kafka would like to thank to Jari Jääskelä (https://hackerone.com/reports/1529790) and 4ra1n and Y4tacker (they found vulnerabilities in other Apache projects. After discussion between PMC of the two projects, it was finally confirmed that it was the vulnerability of Kafka then they reported it to us)
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Finally,\\nin addition to leveraging the \\\"org.apache.kafka.disallowed.login.modules\\\" system property, Kafka Connect users can also implement their own connector\\nclient config override policy, which can be used to control which Kafka client properties can be overridden directly in a connector config and which cannot.\\n\", \"supportingMedia\": [{\"type\": \"text/html\", \"value\": \"A possible security vulnerability has been identified in Apache Kafka Connect API.\u003cbr\u003eThis requires access to a Kafka Connect worker, and the ability to create/modify connectors on it with an arbitrary Kafka client SASL JAAS config\u003cbr\u003eand a SASL-based security protocol, which has been possible on Kafka Connect clusters since Apache Kafka Connect 2.3.0.\u003cbr\u003eWhen configuring the connector via the Kafka Connect REST API, an\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan style=\\\"background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\\\"\u003eauthenticated operator\u003c/span\u003e\u0026nbsp;can set the \u003cspan style=\\\"background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\\\"\u003e`sasl.jaas.config`\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/span\u003eproperty for any of the connector\u0027s Kafka clients\u0026nbsp;to \\\"com.sun.security.auth.module.JndiLoginModule\\\", which can be done via the\u003cbr\u003e`producer.override.sasl.jaas.config`, `consumer.override.sasl.jaas.config`, or `admin.override.sasl.jaas.config` properties.\u003cbr\u003eThis will allow the server to connect to the attacker\u0027s LDAP server\u003cbr\u003eand deserialize the LDAP response, which the attacker can use to execute java deserialization gadget chains on the Kafka connect server.\u003cbr\u003eAttacker can cause \u003cspan style=\\\"background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\\\"\u003eunrestricted deserialization of untrusted data (or)\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003eRCE vulnerability when there are gadgets in the classpath.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eSince Apache Kafka 3.0.0, users are allowed to specify these properties in connector configurations for Kafka Connect clusters running with out-of-the-box\u003cbr\u003econfigurations. Before Apache Kafka 3.0.0, users may not specify these properties unless the Kafka Connect cluster has been reconfigured with a connector\u003cbr\u003eclient override policy that permits them.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eSince Apache Kafka 3.4.0, we have added a system property (\\\"-Dorg.apache.kafka.disallowed.login.modules\\\") to disable the problematic login modules usage\u003cbr\u003ein SASL JAAS configuration. Also by default \\\"com.sun.security.auth.module.JndiLoginModule\\\" is disabled in Apache Kafka Connect 3.4.0. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eWe advise the Kafka Connect users to validate connector configurations and only allow trusted JNDI configurations. Also examine connector dependencies for \u003cbr\u003evulnerable versions and either upgrade their connectors, upgrading that specific dependency, or removing the connectors as options for remediation. Finally,\u003cbr\u003e\u003cspan style=\\\"background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\\\"\u003ein addition to leveraging the \\\"org.apache.kafka.disallowed.login.modules\\\" system property, Kafka Connect users can also implement their own connector\u003cbr\u003eclient config override policy, which can be used to control which Kafka client properties can be overridden directly in a connector config and which cannot.\u003c/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\", \"base64\": false}]}], \"problemTypes\": [{\"descriptions\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"type\": \"CWE\", \"cweId\": \"CWE-502\", \"description\": \"CWE-502 Deserialization of Untrusted Data\"}]}], \"providerMetadata\": {\"orgId\": \"f0158376-9dc2-43b6-827c-5f631a4d8d09\", \"shortName\": \"apache\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2023-07-21T11:35:25.117Z\"}}}",
      "cveMetadata": "{\"cveId\": \"CVE-2023-25194\", \"state\": \"PUBLISHED\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2025-03-25T14:12:50.930Z\", \"dateReserved\": \"2023-02-05T16:20:53.202Z\", \"assignerOrgId\": \"f0158376-9dc2-43b6-827c-5f631a4d8d09\", \"datePublished\": \"2023-02-07T19:11:22.260Z\", \"assignerShortName\": \"apache\"}",
      "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
      "dataVersion": "5.1"
    }
  }
}


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Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.

Sightings

Author Source Type Date Other

Nomenclature

  • Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
  • Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
  • Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
  • Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
  • Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.


Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.