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          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nrds: tcp: hold the RCU lock across ipv6_chk_addr() in rds_tcp_laddr_check()\n\nrds_tcp_laddr_check() looks up a scoped IPv6 interface with\ndev_get_by_index_rcu(), drops the RCU read-side lock, and only then\npasses the bare struct net_device * into ipv6_chk_addr().\n\ndev_get_by_index_rcu() only keeps the device alive within the same RCU\nread-side section. After rcu_read_unlock(), a concurrent RTM_DELLINK can\nfree the net_device; ipv6_chk_addr() then dereferences the stale pointer\nin __ipv6_chk_addr_and_flags() (e.g. l3mdev_master_dev_rcu(dev)), reading\nfreed memory.\n\nKeep the RCU read-side lock held across the ipv6_chk_addr() call instead\nof dropping it right after the lookup, so the device cannot be freed\nwhile it is in use.\n\n  BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in __ipv6_chk_addr_and_flags (... net/ipv6/addrconf.c:1998)\n  Read of size 8 at addr ffff8880106ec000 by task exploit/153\n  Call Trace:\n   ...\n   kasan_report (mm/kasan/report.c:595)\n   __ipv6_chk_addr_and_flags (... net/ipv6/addrconf.c:1998)\n   ipv6_chk_addr (net/ipv6/addrconf.c:2031 net/ipv6/addrconf.c:1972)\n   rds_tcp_laddr_check (net/rds/tcp.c:370)\n   rds_bind (net/rds/bind.c:248)\n   __sys_bind (net/socket.c:1920)\n   __x64_sys_bind (net/socket.c:1956)\n   do_syscall_64 (arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63)\n   entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe (arch/x86/entry/entry_64.S:121)"
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              "value": "AV:L - The slab use-after-free is reached via the bind(2) syscall on an AF_RDS socket with a link-local IPv6 address and non-zero scope_id; the KASAN reproducer follows bind()-\u003erds_bind()-\u003erds_tcp_laddr_check(), requiring on-host access to race bind against RTM_DELLINK netlink deletion of the referenced netdev.\nAC:L - Exploitation requires racing rds_tcp_laddr_check() against RTM_DELLINK freeing the netdev; the attacker controls both sides by concurrently calling bind() and deleting the interface via netlink (e.g., a veth in a user namespace) and can retry until the race succeeds.\nPR:L - An unprivileged local user can create AF_RDS sockets and call bind(); the RTM_DELLINK race is achievable with CAP_NET_ADMIN obtainable inside an unprivileged user+network namespace (unshare -Urn), not requiring init-namespace root.\nUI:N - No victim interaction is required; exploitation is fully attacker-driven through bind/netlink syscalls without needing another user to mount a filesystem, click, or open a file.\nS:U - Impact is confined to kernel memory corruption and potential privilege escalation within the same kernel/host security boundary; this is not a VM-guest-to-host escape, sandbox escape, or cross-authority boundary crossing.\nC:H - The bug is a slab use-after-free read of a freed struct net_device in __ipv6_chk_addr_and_flags() via a stale pointer passed to ipv6_chk_addr(); UAF reads of kernel heap objects can disclose sensitive memory and enable further exploitation.\nI:H - Use-after-free on struct net_device heap memory provides memory corruption primitives that can be groomed for arbitrary kernel writes, control-flow hijacking, and local privilege escalation, not merely a bounded or transient error.\nA:H - The reported KASAN slab-use-after-free causes kernel oops/panic during the stale dereference in the IPv6 address-check path; UAF conditions are inherently crash-prone even when not fully weaponized for code execution."
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          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nbtrfs: zoned: fix deadlock between metadata writeback and transaction commit\n\nWhen writing out metadata extent buffers in a zoned filesystem,\nbtree_writepages() holds fs_info-\u003ezoned_meta_io_lock across the whole\nwriteback loop, including the call to btrfs_check_meta_write_pointer() -\u003e\ncheck_bg_is_active().\n\nFor the tree-log block group, check_bg_is_active() may fail to activate\nthe zone and fall back to btrfs_zone_finish_one_bg() to free an active\nzone. That path waits for the running transaction to commit while still\nholding zoned_meta_io_lock, but the committer needs that same lock to\nwrite out the tree extents, so the two tasks deadlock:\n\n  Task A (kworker, metadata writeback)      Task B (fsstress, transaction commit)\n  ------------------------------------      -------------------------------------\n  wb_workfn()                               btrfs_commit_transaction(T)\n   btree_writepages()                        btrfs_write_and_wait_transaction()\n    btrfs_zoned_meta_io_lock()                btrfs_write_marked_extents()\n    btrfs_check_meta_write_pointer()           btree_writepages()\n     check_bg_is_active() [treelog_bg]          btrfs_zoned_meta_io_lock()\n      btrfs_zone_finish_one_bg()               \u003cblocks on zoned_meta_io_lock,\n       btrfs_zone_finish()                      held by Task A\u003e\n        do_zone_finish()\n         btrfs_inc_block_group_ro()\n          btrfs_wait_for_commit()\n           \u003cblocks waiting for commit\n            of transaction T, done by\n            Task B\u003e\n\nThe sibling branch in check_bg_is_active() already drops zoned_meta_io_lock\naround do_zone_finish() for this exact reason. Do the same in the tree-log\nbranch: release the lock around btrfs_zone_finish_one_bg() and re-acquire\nit afterwards. The lock only protects fs_info-\u003eactive_{meta,system}_bg,\nwhich this branch does not touch, and ctx-\u003ezoned_bg keeps a reference to\nthe block group across the unlock, so nothing is lost while the lock\nis dropped.\n\nThis hang occasionally reproduces with fstests generic/475 on a zoned\nbtrfs filesystem."
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              "value": "AV:A - XDomain discovery packets reach the kernel over the Thunderbolt/USB4 control channel from a connected peer (adjacent host, dock, or inline device) on the shared physical link; no remote IP/network service is involved, but the attacker need not touch the victim chassis if they control the far end of an established TB connection.\nAC:L - The bug is a race between system_wq request handling and disconnect teardown; the peer attacker controls both sides by sending PROPERTIES_CHANGED, UUID, or LINK_STATE_CHANGE requests while forcing unplug/disconnect and can retry timing until delayed work is queued after cancel_delayed_work_sync().\nPR:N - No local account, capability, or root on the victim is required; any malicious or compromised Thunderbolt XDomain peer that can exchange discovery control-plane packets can trigger the vulnerable queue_delayed_work() paths without OS authentication.\nUI:N - During an active XDomain session the peer can send the triggering requests and force link teardown without any further victim action at exploit time; no additional mount, login, or sysfs operation is needed beyond the already-established Thunderbolt link.\nS:U - Impact is kernel heap use-after-free and memory corruption within kernel context; it does not directly cross VM, container, or IOMMU boundaries, though successful exploitation can yield standard local privilege escalation.\nC:H - Use-after-free on struct tb_xdomain lets attacker-influenced delayed work read freed kernel memory, enabling arbitrary kernel information disclosure and kernel pointer leaks that support further exploitation of the corruption primitive.\nI:H - Delayed work on the freed xdomain executes handshake state transitions, property/link updates, and hardware operations on attacker-reclaimed memory, enabling heap grooming and control-flow hijack for arbitrary kernel write/code execution.\nA:H - Accessing freed tb_xdomain via state_work or properties_changed_work causes kernel oops/panic or hang during disconnect, and a peer can repeat disconnect/request storms to deny Thunderbolt/XDomain services."
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            "mm/slab.h",
            "mm/slab_common.c",
            "mm/slub.c"
          ],
          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
          "vendor": "Linux",
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              "lessThan": "3e71bfbdd3fd81ee9fefd867fdb2be62bade4140",
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          "programFiles": [
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              "version": "0",
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              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.18.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.18.44",
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            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "7.1.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "7.1.8",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "7.2",
              "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
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        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nmm/slab: prevent unbounded recursion in free path with new kmalloc type\n\nCommit 280ea9c3154b (\"mm/slab: avoid allocating slabobj_ext array from\nits own slab\") avoided recursive allocation of obj_exts from kmalloc\ncaches of the same size, by bumping the obj_exts array\u0027s allocation\nsize whenever the array size equals the size of the object being\nallocated.\n\nHowever, as reported by Danielle Costantino and Shakeel Butt,\neven slabs from kmalloc caches of different sizes can form a cycle\nby allocating obj_exts arrays from each other [1]:\n\n  What happened: a KMALLOC_NORMAL slab\u0027s obj_exts array (used by\n  allocation profiling / memcg accounting) is itself kmalloc()\u0027d from a\n  KMALLOC_NORMAL cache, so the \"slab holds another slab\u0027s obj_exts array\"\n  relation can form cycles. With sizeof(struct slabobj_ext) == 16 and\n  the host\u0027s geometry:\n\n  - kmalloc-512 has 64 objects/slab -\u003e array is 64*16 == 1024 bytes,\n    served from kmalloc-1k;\n  - kmalloc-1k  has 32 objects/slab -\u003e array is 32*16 ==  512 bytes,\n    served from kmalloc-512.\n\n  A kmalloc-512 slab and a kmalloc-1k slab therefore hold each other\u0027s\n  obj_exts array.  Discarding one frees the other\u0027s array, which empties\n  and discards that slab, which frees the first\u0027s array, and so on:\n  __free_slab() -\u003e free_slab_obj_exts() -\u003e kfree() -\u003e discard_slab() -\u003e\n  __free_slab() recurses along the cycle until the stack is exhausted.\n\nWith memory allocation profiling, this allows unbounded recursion\nin the free path and led to a stack overflow on a production host in\nthe Meta fleet [1]:\n\n  BUG: TASK stack guard page was hit\n  Oops: stack guard page\n  RIP: 0010:kfree+0x8/0x5d0\n  Call Trace:\n   __free_slab+0x66/0xc0\n   kfree+0x3f0/0x5d0\n   ... ( ~125x __free_slab \u003c-\u003e kfree ) ...\n   \u003ckernel driver freeing a resource\u003e\n   do_syscall_64\n\nIt is proposed [1] to resolve this issue by always serving the obj_exts\narray allocation from kmalloc caches (or large kmalloc) of sizes larger\nthan the object size. However, as pointed out by Vlastimil Babka [2],\nthis can waste an excessive amount of memory as slabs from large\nkmalloc sizes (e.g. kmalloc-8k) generally need obj_exts arrays much\nsmaller than the object size.\n\nTherefore, rather than bumping the size, let us take a different\napproach; disallow formation of cycles between kmalloc types when\nallocating obj_exts arrays. Currently, all obj_exts arrays are served\nfrom normal kmalloc caches. Cycles cannot be created if obj_exts arrays\nof normal kmalloc caches are served from a special kmalloc type that can\nnever have obj_exts arrays.\n\nTo achieve this, create a new kmalloc type called KMALLOC_NO_OBJ_EXT.\nKMALLOC_NO_OBJ_EXT caches are created with SLAB_NO_OBJ_EXT flag when\neither 1) memory allocation profiling is not permanently disabled,\nor 2) kmalloc types with a priority higher than KMALLOC_CGROUP are\naliased with KMALLOC_NORMAL.\n\nSheaf bootstrapping for KMALLOC_NO_OBJ_EXT caches now must be deferred\nbecause allocation of a barn can trigger obj_exts array allocation of\nnormal kmalloc caches when the KMALLOC_NO_OBJ_EXT cache for that size\nis not ready yet. For simplicity, perform bootstrapping of sheaves for\nall kmalloc caches later.\n\nIntroduce a new slab alloc flag, SLAB_ALLOC_NO_OBJ_EXT, to prevent\nallocation of obj_exts arrays, and let kmalloc_slab() override the type\nto KMALLOC_NO_OBJ_EXT when specified. Note that kmalloc_type() remains\nunchanged because kmalloc_flags() bypasses the kmalloc fastpath.\n\nDo not pass SLAB_ALLOC_NO_RECURSE to kmalloc_flags() in\nalloc_slab_obj_exts() and instead use SLAB_ALLOC_NO_OBJ_EXT only when\nthe objects are allocated from normal kmalloc caches. While this\nprevents unbounded recursive allocation of obj_exts, it allows\nKMALLOC_NO_OBJ_EXT caches to have sheaves.\n\nSince sheaf allocations specify SLAB_ALLOC_NO_RECURSE that prevents\nallocation of both sheaves and obj_exts arrays, the recursion depth\nis bounded.\n\nobj_exts arrays for non-\n---truncated---"
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
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          "cvssV3_1": {
            "baseScore": 7.5,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
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            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "AV:N - The bug is in the core SLUB kmalloc free path (__free_slab\u2192free_slab_obj_exts\u2192kfree\u2192discard_slab) shared by every kernel subsystem. On internet-facing servers with memory allocation profiling enabled (Meta production), remote workloads that drive routine frees of 512B/1kB kmalloc objects reach discard_slab and trigger the recursion.\nAC:L - With memory allocation profiling active, kmalloc-512 and kmalloc-1k slabs deterministically form a mutual obj_exts cycle from normal slab geometry. An attacker only needs to provoke standard kernel frees\u2014no races, special heap layout, or timing\u2014making exploitation reliable once profiling is enabled on the host.\nPR:N - Remote attackers need no account or kernel capabilities; unauthenticated network I/O that causes the kernel to free affected slabs suffices. Locally, any unprivileged process can reach kfree via ordinary syscalls, as in the documented Meta production crash through do_syscall_64.\nUI:N - Exploitation requires no victim interaction; the crash is triggered by attacker-driven or routine automated kernel memory free activity once the cyclic slabs exist.\nS:U - Impact is a kernel oops/stack guard fault within kernel context; it does not cross a VM, container, or IOMMU boundary into another security authority.\nC:N - The failure mode is unbounded recursion exhausting the kernel task stack (BUG: TASK stack guard page was hit). There is no memory corruption, use-after-free, or out-of-bounds read\u2014only repeated legitimate frees cycling until stack overflow.\nI:N - No integrity impact; objects are freed via the normal kfree path without arbitrary writes or control-flow hijacking. The recursion terminates at stack overflow without modifying attacker-controlled data.\nA:H - Exploitation reliably causes a kernel oops/panic via stack guard page violation (\"Oops: stack guard page\"), crashing the affected context and potentially the host, as demonstrated in Meta production with ~125 nested __free_slab/kfree frames."
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