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          "lang": "en",
          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nocfs2: reject oversized group bitmap descriptors\n\nocfs2_validate_gd_parent() only bounds bg_bits against the parent\nallocator\u0027s chain geometry.  A malicious descriptor can still claim a\nbg_size/bg_bits pair that exceeds the bitmap bytes that physically fit in\nthe group descriptor block, so later bitmap scans and bit updates can run\npast bg_bitmap.\n\nAdd a physical-cap check based on ocfs2_group_bitmap_size() for the parent\nallocator type and reject descriptors whose bg_size or bg_bits exceed that\ncapacity.  Keep the existing chain geometry check so both the on-disk\nbitmap layout and the allocator metadata must agree before the descriptor\nis used.\n\nValidation reproduced this kernel report:\nKASAN use-after-free in _find_next_bit+0x7f/0xc0\nRead of size 8\nCall trace:\n  dump_stack_lvl+0x66/0xa0 (?:?)\n  print_report+0xd0/0x630 (?:?)\n  _find_next_bit+0x7f/0xc0 (?:?)\n  srso_alias_return_thunk+0x5/0xfbef5 (?:?)\n  __virt_addr_valid+0x188/0x2f0 (?:?)\n  kasan_report+0xe4/0x120 (?:?)\n  ocfs2_find_max_contig_free_bits+0x35/0x70 (fs/ocfs2/suballoc.c:1375)\n  ocfs2_block_group_set_bits+0x472/0x4b0 (fs/ocfs2/suballoc.c:1457)\n  ocfs2_cluster_group_search+0x16b/0x440 (fs/ocfs2/suballoc.c:86)\n  ocfs2_bg_discontig_fix_result+0x1ef/0x230 (fs/ocfs2/suballoc.c:1786)\n  ocfs2_search_chain+0x8f8/0x10a0 (fs/ocfs2/suballoc.c:1886)\n  get_page_from_freelist+0x70e/0x2370 (?:?)\n  lock_release+0xc6/0x290 (?:?)\n  do_raw_spin_unlock+0x9a/0x100 (?:?)\n  kasan_unpoison+0x27/0x60 (?:?)\n  __bfs+0x147/0x240 (?:?)\n  get_page_from_freelist+0x83d/0x2370 (?:?)\n  ocfs2_claim_suballoc_bits+0x38c/0xe70 (fs/ocfs2/suballoc.c:96)\n  sched_domains_numa_masks_clear+0x70/0xd0 (?:?)\n  check_irq_usage+0xe8/0xb70 (?:?)\n  __ocfs2_claim_clusters+0x18d/0x4c0 (fs/ocfs2/suballoc.c:2497)\n  check_path+0x24/0x50 (?:?)\n  rcu_is_watching+0x20/0x50 (?:?)\n  check_prev_add+0xfd/0xd00 (?:?)\n  ocfs2_add_clusters_in_btree+0x17d/0x810 (fs/ocfs2/suballoc.c:?)\n  __folio_batch_add_and_move+0x1f5/0x3d0 (?:?)\n  ocfs2_add_inode_data+0xd9/0x120 (fs/ocfs2/suballoc.c:?)\n  filemap_add_folio+0x105/0x1f0 (?:?)\n  ocfs2_write_begin_nolock+0x29f7/0x2f80 (fs/ocfs2/suballoc.c:3043)\n  ocfs2_read_inode_block+0xb5/0x110 (fs/ocfs2/suballoc.c:?)\n  down_write+0xf5/0x180 (?:?)\n  ocfs2_write_begin+0x180/0x240 (fs/ocfs2/suballoc.c:?)\n  __mark_inode_dirty+0x758/0x9a0 (?:?)\n  inode_to_bdi+0x41/0x90 (?:?)\n  balance_dirty_pages_ratelimited_flags+0xf8/0x1d0 (?:?)\n  generic_perform_write+0x252/0x440 (?:?)\n  mnt_put_write_access_file+0x16/0x70 (?:?)\n  file_update_time_flags+0xe4/0x200 (?:?)\n  ocfs2_file_write_iter+0x80a/0x1320 (fs/ocfs2/suballoc.c:?)\n  lock_acquire+0x184/0x2f0 (?:?)\n  ksys_write+0xd2/0x170 (?:?)\n  apparmor_file_permission+0xf5/0x310 (?:?)\n  read_zero+0x8d/0x140 (?:?)\n  lock_is_held_type+0x8f/0x100 (?:?)"
        }
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            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
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              "value": "AV:N - OCFS2 registers `ocfs2_export_ops` and is commonly deployed on shared cluster storage exported via NFS; a remote NFS client write reaches `ocfs2_file_write_iter` \u2192 cluster allocation \u2192 the vulnerable bitmap scan without local shell access on the server.\nAC:L - Once a crafted group descriptor with oversized `bg_size`/`bg_bits` is on disk, a single file write reliably drives `ocfs2_find_max_contig_free_bits()` past `bg_bitmap`; the fix commit reproduced this deterministically under KASAN with no race or layout-dependent conditions.\nPR:L - Exploitation requires only write access to a file on the mounted OCFS2 volume (local unprivileged user) or equivalent NFS write credentials; mounting requires `CAP_SYS_ADMIN` but metadata planting on shared SAN/iSCSI LUNs is separate from the trigger privilege.\nUI:N - In the highest-impact scenario\u2014malicious group-descriptor metadata pre-placed on shared cluster storage already mounted in production\u2014the attacker triggers the bug with their own write and no additional victim action (mount, open, or click) is required at exploit time.\nS:U - The bug corrupts kernel heap memory during in-kernel filesystem allocation on the same host/NFS server; impact stays within the kernel\u2019s security authority and does not inherently cross VM, container, or IOMMU boundaries.\nC:H - Oversized `bg_bits` causes `_find_next_bit()` to read past the physical `bg_bitmap` region; the fix commit documents a KASAN use-after-free/out-of-bounds read, which is an arbitrary kernel memory read primitive under attacker-influenced scan bounds.\nI:H - The same inflated `bg_bits` drives `ocfs2_set_bit()` during `ocfs2_block_group_set_bits()`, enabling out-of-bounds writes in the group-descriptor buffer page that can be leveraged for heap corruption and control-flow hijacking.\nA:H - The reproduced KASAN fault in `_find_next_bit()` during cluster allocation on write demonstrates kernel memory corruption that causes oops/panic-level availability loss on affected nodes."
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        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/9bd541e09dffff27e5bec0f9f45b0228173a5375"
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      ],
      "title": "ocfs2: reject oversized group bitmap descriptors",
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    "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
    "assignerShortName": "Linux",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-63796",
    "datePublished": "2026-07-19T12:02:04.634Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-07-19T07:54:57.012Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T12:35:45.185Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
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          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nrpmsg: char: Fix use-after-free on probe error path\n\nrpmsg_chrdev_probe() stores the newly allocated eptdev in the default\nendpoint\u0027s priv pointer before calling rpmsg_chrdev_eptdev_add(). If\nrpmsg_chrdev_eptdev_add() then fails, its error path frees eptdev while\nthe default endpoint may still dispatch callbacks with the stale priv\npointer.\n\nAvoid publishing eptdev through the default endpoint until\nrpmsg_chrdev_eptdev_add() succeeds. Messages received before the priv\npointer is published should be ignored by rpmsg_ept_cb(). Flow-control\nupdates can hit rpmsg_ept_flow_cb() in the same window, so make both\ncallbacks return success when priv is NULL."
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          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/1ff3f528e67d20e2b1483dcaba899dc7832b2e6b"
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      "title": "rpmsg: char: Fix use-after-free on probe error path",
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      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\ntipc: fix slab-use-after-free Read in tipc_aead_decrypt_done\n\ntipc_aead_decrypt() goes straight from tipc_bearer_hold(b) to\ncrypto_aead_decrypt(req) without taking a reference on the netns, unlike\nthe encrypt path. When crypto_aead_decrypt() is offloaded asynchronously\n(e.g. the SIMD aead wrapper queuing to cryptd), the cryptd worker runs\ntipc_aead_decrypt_done() later. If the bearer\u0027s netns is torn down in the\nmeantime, cleanup_net() -\u003e tipc_exit_net() -\u003e tipc_crypto_stop() frees the\nper-netns tipc_crypto, and the completion then reads it:\ntipc_aead_decrypt_done() dereferences aead-\u003ecrypto-\u003estats and\naead-\u003ecrypto-\u003enet, and tipc_crypto_rcv_complete() dereferences\naead-\u003ecrypto-\u003eaead[] and the node table -- reading freed memory.\n\nDecoded KASAN splat (v7.1-rc7, CONFIG_KASAN_INLINE + TIPC + TIPC_CRYPTO):\n\n  BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in tipc_aead_decrypt_done (net/tipc/crypto.c:999)\n  Read of size 8 at addr ffff8881056258a8 by task kworker/u16:2/51\n  Workqueue: events_unbound\n  Call Trace:\n   tipc_aead_decrypt_done (net/tipc/crypto.c:999)\n   process_one_work (kernel/workqueue.c:3314)\n   worker_thread (kernel/workqueue.c:3397 kernel/workqueue.c:3478)\n   kthread (kernel/kthread.c:436)\n   ret_from_fork (arch/x86/kernel/process.c:158)\n   ret_from_fork_asm (arch/x86/entry/entry_64.S:245)\n\n  Allocated by task 169:\n   __kasan_kmalloc (mm/kasan/common.c:398 mm/kasan/common.c:415)\n   tipc_crypto_start (net/tipc/crypto.c:1502)\n   tipc_init_net (net/tipc/core.c:72)\n   ops_init (net/core/net_namespace.c:137)\n   setup_net (net/core/net_namespace.c:446)\n   copy_net_ns (net/core/net_namespace.c:579)\n   create_new_namespaces (kernel/nsproxy.c:132)\n   __x64_sys_unshare (kernel/fork.c:3316)\n   do_syscall_64 (arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63)\n   entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe (arch/x86/entry/entry_64.S:121)\n\n  Freed by task 8:\n   kfree (mm/slub.c:6566)\n   tipc_exit_net (net/tipc/core.c:119)\n   cleanup_net (net/core/net_namespace.c:704)\n   process_one_work (kernel/workqueue.c:3314)\n   kthread (kernel/kthread.c:436)\n\nThis is the same class of bug that commit e279024617134 (\"net/tipc: fix\nslab-use-after-free Read in tipc_aead_encrypt_done\") fixed for the encrypt\nside. The encrypt path takes maybe_get_net(aead-\u003ecrypto-\u003enet) before\ncrypto_aead_encrypt() and drops it with put_net() on the synchronous\nreturn paths and in tipc_aead_encrypt_done(); the -EINPROGRESS/-EBUSY\nreturn keeps the reference for the async callback to release. The decrypt\npath was left without the equivalent guard.\n\nMirror the encrypt-side fix on the decrypt path: take a net reference\nbefore crypto_aead_decrypt() (failing with -ENODEV and the matching\nbearer put if it cannot be acquired), keep it across the\n-EINPROGRESS/-EBUSY async return, and drop it with put_net() on the\nsynchronous success/error return and at the end of\ntipc_aead_decrypt_done().\n\nReproduced under KASAN on v7.1-rc7: a UDP bearer with a cluster key is\nflooded with crafted encrypted frames from an unknown peer (driving the\ncluster-key decrypt path) while the bearer\u0027s netns is repeatedly torn\ndown. The completion must run asynchronously to outlive\ntipc_crypto_stop(); on x86 the stock aesni gcm(aes) now decrypts\nsynchronously, so the async path was exercised via cryptd offload. The\nunguarded aead-\u003ecrypto dereference in tipc_aead_decrypt_done() is the\nunpatched upstream path; tipc_aead_decrypt() still lacks\nmaybe_get_net(aead-\u003ecrypto-\u003enet), so the completion can outlive the free\non any config where crypto_aead_decrypt() goes async.\n\nFound by 0sec automated security-research tooling (https://0sec.ai)."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "baseScore": 8.8,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
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            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "AV:N - The vulnerable code is reached from the TIPC packet receive path (UDP bearer on port 6118 or L2 bearer) when encrypted frames arrive from a remote peer; no local syscall is required to enter tipc_aead_decrypt().\nAC:L - The attacker can reliably win the race by flooding packets to queue async decrypt completions while repeatedly destroying the network namespace; the repro demonstrates full control of both sides of the timing window.\nPR:L - Reliable exploitation is demonstrated via unshare-created user/network namespaces where the attacker gains CAP_NET_ADMIN-equivalent control to configure TIPC crypto and cycle namespace teardown, which per kernel CNA guidance maps to Low rather than High.\nUI:N - Exploitation requires only sending network packets and namespace lifecycle manipulation; no victim user action such as opening a file or mounting a filesystem is needed.\nS:U - Impact is confined to kernel memory within the same security authority; this is a standard kernel UAF/privilege-escalation class bug, not a VM escape or cross-authority boundary bypass.\nC:H - The UAF reads freed slab memory including aead-\u003ecrypto-\u003estats, aead-\u003ecrypto-\u003enet, and aead[] pointers in tipc_crypto_rcv_complete, enabling arbitrary kernel memory disclosure via controlled reuse of the freed tipc_crypto object.\nI:H - Use-after-free of tipc_crypto structures can be leveraged for heap spraying and arbitrary write primitives, and tipc_crypto_rcv_complete continues processing with freed pointers including key attachment and node table operations.\nA:H - KASAN confirmed slab-use-after-free in tipc_aead_decrypt_done on a workqueue thread; UAF on this path causes kernel oops/panic even when not fully exploited for code execution."
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        "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T12:35:49.508Z",
        "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
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        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/bda3348872a2ef0d19f2df6aa8cb5025adce2f20"
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      "title": "tipc: fix slab-use-after-free Read in tipc_aead_decrypt_done",
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    "cveId": "CVE-2026-63801",
    "datePublished": "2026-07-19T12:02:07.457Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-07-19T07:54:57.013Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T12:35:49.508Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
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        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nhdlc_ppp: sync per-proto timers before freeing hdlc state\n\nEach PPP control protocol (LCP/IPCP/IPV6CP) embedded in struct ppp\nregisters a timer via timer_setup(). That struct ppp is the\nhdlc-\u003estate allocation, which detach_hdlc_protocol() frees with kfree()\nin both teardown paths: unregister_hdlc_device() and the re-attach inside\nattach_hdlc_protocol().\n\nThe ppp proto never registered a .detach callback, so\ndetach_hdlc_protocol() performs no timer synchronization before the\nkfree(). The only cancel, timer_delete(\u0026proto-\u003etimer) in ppp_cp_event(),\nis partial (it does not wait for a running callback) and only runs on the\n-\u003eCLOSED transition; ppp_stop()/ppp_close() do not sync either. A\nppp_timer callback already executing (blocked on ppp-\u003elock) survives the\nkfree and then dereferences proto-\u003estate / ppp-\u003elock in freed memory,\nleading to a use-after-free.\n\nFix this by adding a .detach helper that calls timer_shutdown_sync() on\nevery per-proto timer. detach_hdlc_protocol() invokes proto-\u003edetach(dev)\nbefore kfree(hdlc-\u003estate), so timer_shutdown_sync()\nnow runs on both free paths.\ntimer_shutdown_sync() is used instead of timer_delete_sync() because the\nkeepalive path re-arms the timer through add_timer()/mod_timer() and\nshutdown blocks any re-activation during teardown.\n\nInitialize the per-protocol timers in ppp_ioctl() when the protocol is\nattached, and remove the now-redundant timer_setup() from ppp_start(), so\nthat the timers are initialized exactly once at attach time and\nppp_timer_release() never operates on uninitialized timer_list\nstructures. attach_hdlc_protocol() uses kmalloc() (not kzalloc), so\nstruct ppp\u0027s protos[i].timer is uninitialized garbage until the first\ntimer_setup(); without this init-at-attach, attaching the PPP protocol\nwithout ever bringing the device up would leave timer_shutdown_sync()\noperating on uninitialized memory in .detach. Moving the init out of\nppp_start() (which only runs on NETDEV_UP) into the attach path makes the\ninitialization unconditional and avoids initializing the same timer_list\ntwice.\n\nThis bug was found by static analysis."
        }
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              "value": "AV:L - The UAF occurs in detach_hdlc_protocol() during protocol teardown via SIOCWANDEV ioctl or driver unregister, not during packet receive. Remote PPP peers can influence timers but cannot reach the kfree() path without local CAP_NET_ADMIN configuration actions.\nAC:L - An attacker with CAP_NET_ADMIN can reliably trigger the bug by bringing a PPP HDLC interface up (arming timers via ppp_start/LCP), then tearing down or re-attaching the protocol while timers are pending or a ppp_timer callback is blocked on ppp-\u003elock, controlling both sides of the race.\nPR:L - Exploitation requires CAP_NET_ADMIN to attach/detach the PPP protocol via SIOCWANDEV (ppp_ioctl checks capable(CAP_NET_ADMIN)), which is reachable by unprivileged users who create user namespaces with CAP_NET_ADMIN per kernel CVSS guidance.\nUI:N - No victim interaction is required once the attacker has network administration capability on a system with an HDLC WAN device; exploitation is fully attacker-driven through ioctl and interface up/down operations.\nS:U - The use-after-free corrupts kernel heap memory within the same kernel security boundary, enabling local privilege escalation rather than crossing a VM, container, or IOMMU security boundary.\nC:H - Use-after-free of struct ppp and its embedded spinlock_t allows dereferencing attacker-influenced freed heap memory, which can be leveraged for arbitrary kernel memory read via heap grooming and controlled reuse of the freed slab object.\nI:H - The UAF on struct ppp and ppp-\u003elock provides a standard kernel heap corruption primitive that can be developed into arbitrary write and local privilege escalation through control of reallocated object contents and spinlock corruption.\nA:H - The freed-memory dereference in ppp_timer() causes kernel oops or panic during protocol teardown, and repeated triggering during interface reconfiguration can cause sustained denial of service on WAN router systems."
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      "title": "hdlc_ppp: sync per-proto timers before freeing hdlc state",
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          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nKVM: Replace guest-triggerable BUG_ON() in ioeventfd datamatch with get_unaligned()\n\nDrop a BUG_ON() that has been reachable since it was first added, way back\nin 2009, and instead use get_unaligned() to perform potentially-unaligned\naccesses.\n\nFor a given store, KVM x86\u0027s emulator tracks the entire value in the\ndestination operand, x86_emulate_ctxt.dst.  If the destination is memory,\nand the target splits multiple pages and/or is emulated MMIO, then KVM\nhandles each fragment independently.  E.g. on a page split starting at page\noffset 0xffc, KVM writes 4 bytes to the first page, then the remaining\nbytes to the second page, using ctxt-\u003edst as the source for both (with\nappropriate offsets).\n\nIf the destination splits a page *and* hits emulated MMIO on the second\npage, then KVM will complete the write to the first page, then emulate the\nMMIO access to the second page.  If there is a datamatch-enabled ioeventfd\nat offset 0 of the second page, then KVM will process the remainder of the\nstore as a potential ioeventfd signal.\n\nPutting it all together, if the guest emits a store that splits a page\nstarting at page offset N, and the second page has a datamatch-enabled\nioeventfd at offset 0, then KVM will check for datamatch using\n\u0026dst.valptr[N] as the source.  Due to dst (and thus dst.valptr) being\n32-byte aligned, if N is not aligned to @len, the BUG_ON() fires.\n\nE.g. with a 16-byte store at page offset 0xffc, to an ioeventfd of len 8,\nall initial checks in ioeventfd_in_range() will succeed, and the BUG_ON()\nfires due to @val being 4-byte aligned, but not 8-byte aligned.\n\n  ------------[ cut here ]------------\n  kernel BUG at arch/x86/kvm/../../../virt/kvm/eventfd.c:783!\n  Oops: invalid opcode: 0000 [#1] SMP\n  CPU: 0 UID: 1000 PID: 615 Comm: repro Not tainted 7.1.0-rc2-ff238429d1ea #365 PREEMPT\n  Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (Q35 + ICH9, 2009), BIOS 0.0.0 02/06/2015\n  RIP: 0010:ioeventfd_write+0x6c/0x70 [kvm]\n  Call Trace:\n   \u003cTASK\u003e\n   __kvm_io_bus_write+0x85/0xb0 [kvm]\n   kvm_io_bus_write+0x53/0x80 [kvm]\n   vcpu_mmio_write+0x66/0xf0 [kvm]\n   emulator_read_write_onepage+0x12a/0x540 [kvm]\n   emulator_read_write+0x109/0x2b0 [kvm]\n   x86_emulate_insn+0x4f8/0xfb0 [kvm]\n   x86_emulate_instruction+0x181/0x790 [kvm]\n   kvm_mmu_page_fault+0x313/0x630 [kvm]\n   vmx_handle_exit+0x18a/0x590 [kvm_intel]\n   kvm_arch_vcpu_ioctl_run+0xc81/0x1c90 [kvm]\n   kvm_vcpu_ioctl+0x2d5/0x970 [kvm]\n   __x64_sys_ioctl+0x8a/0xd0\n   do_syscall_64+0xb7/0x890\n   entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x4b/0x53\n  RIP: 0033:0x7f19c931a9bf\n   \u003c/TASK\u003e\n  Modules linked in: kvm_intel kvm irqbypass\n  ---[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]---\n\nIn a perfect world, the fix would be to simply delete the BUG_ON(), as KVM\nx86 doesn\u0027t perform alignment checks on \"normal\" memory accesses at CPL0.\nSadly, C99 ruins all the fun; while the x86 architecture plays nice,\ndereferencing an unaligned pointer directly is undefined behavior in C,\ne.g. triggers splats when running with CONFIG_UBSAN_ALIGNMENT=y."
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            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:N/A:H",
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            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "AV:L - A malicious KVM guest triggers this via guest-executed MMIO stores handled by the x86 instruction emulator (KVM_RUN \u2192 vmx_handle_exit \u2192 kvm_mmu_page_fault \u2192 x86_emulate_instruction \u2192 emulator_read_write \u2192 vcpu_mmio_write \u2192 ioeventfd_write), not via remote network input to the host.\nAC:L - The guest fully controls the spanning store address, size, and timing; with standard QEMU/virtio datamatch ioeventfd MMIO layouts, a page-boundary write reliably reaches ioeventfd_in_range() with a misaligned val pointer and fires the BUG_ON().\nPR:N - Exploitation requires only unprivileged code execution inside an already-running guest VM (reproducer ran as UID 1000); no host capabilities, KVM ioctls, or guest root are needed beyond what any cloud VM tenant or compromised guest process already has.\nUI:N - No victim interaction is required once the attacker can run code in a KVM guest with a datamatch ioeventfd configured, which is the default virtio/QEMU setup.\nS:C - The vulnerable component is the host kernel KVM subsystem, but exploitation is initiated from a guest VM and causes a host kernel BUG/oops, crossing the hypervisor security boundary.\nC:N - The failure mode is an explicit BUG_ON() alignment check before any datamatch comparison; there is no out-of-bounds read, use-after-free, or other memory corruption that could disclose host data.\nI:N - The bug triggers a deliberate kernel BUG and does not corrupt or modify host memory; it is a crash-only denial-of-service with no integrity impact.\nA:H - A guest-triggered BUG_ON() in ioeventfd_write() causes a host kernel oops/panic, denying availability of the entire physical host and all co-resident VMs on multi-tenant KVM hypervisors."
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        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nexfat: fix potential use-after-free in exfat_find_dir_entry()\n\nIn exfat_find_dir_entry(), the buffer_head obtained from\nexfat_get_dentry() is released with brelse(bh) before the fall-through\nTYPE_EXTEND branch reads the directory entry through ep (which points\ninto bh-\u003eb_data):\n\n\tbrelse(bh);\n\tif (entry_type == TYPE_EXTEND) {\n\t\t...\n\t\tlen = exfat_extract_uni_name(ep, entry_uniname);\n\t\t...\n\t}\n\nAfter brelse() drops our reference, nothing guarantees that the\nunderlying page backing bh-\u003eb_data remains valid for the subsequent\nexfat_extract_uni_name() read. This is the same pattern fixed in\ncommit fc961522ddbd (\"exfat: Fix potential use after free in\nexfat_load_upcase_table()\").\n\nMove brelse(bh) so it runs after ep is no longer dereferenced on\neach branch.\n\nConfirmed on QEMU x86_64 with CONFIG_KASAN=y + CONFIG_DEBUG_PAGEALLOC=y\n+ CONFIG_PAGE_POISONING=y on linux-next, using a crafted exFAT image\n(long filename with same-hash collisions forcing the TYPE_EXTEND path).\nWith a debug-only invalidate_bdev() inserted between brelse(bh) and\nthe ep read to make the stale-deref window deterministic, the\nunpatched kernel faults:\n\n  BUG: KASAN: use-after-free in exfat_find_dir_entry+0x133b/0x15a0\n  BUG: unable to handle page fault for address: ffff88801a5fa0c2\n  Oops: 0000 [#1] SMP DEBUG_PAGEALLOC KASAN NOPTI\n  RIP: 0010:exfat_find_dir_entry+0x1188/0x15a0\n\nWith this patch applied, the same instrumented harness completes\ncleanly under the same sanitizer stack. I have not reproduced a\ncrash on an uninstrumented kernel under ordinary reclaim; the\ninstrumented A/B establishes the lifetime violation and that the\npatch closes it, not an unaided triggerability claim."
        }
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        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nblock: Avoid mounting the bdev pseudo-filesystem in userspace\n\nThe bdev pseudo-filesystem is an internal kernel filesystem with which\nuserspace should not interfere. Unregister it so that userspace cannot\neven attempt to mount it.\n\nThis fixes a bug [1] that occurs when attempting to access files,\nbecause the system call move_mount() uses pointers declared in the\ninode_operations structure, which for the bdev pseudo-filesystem\nare always equal to 0. `inode-\u003ei_op = \u0026empty_iops;`\n\n[1]\n\n BUG: kernel NULL pointer dereference, address: 0000000000000000\n #PF: supervisor instruction fetch in kernel mode\n #PF: error_code(0x0010) - not-present page\n PGD 23380067 P4D 23380067 PUD 23381067 PMD 0\n Oops: 0010 [#1] PREEMPT SMP KASAN NOPTI\n CPU: 2 PID: 17125 Comm: syz-executor.0 Not tainted 6.1.155-syzkaller-00350-g84221fde2681 #0\n Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS 1.12.0-1 04/01/2014\n RIP: 0010:0x0\n\n Call Trace:\n \u003cTASK\u003e\n lookup_open.isra.0+0x700/0x1180 fs/namei.c:3460\n open_last_lookups fs/namei.c:3550 [inline]\n path_openat+0x953/0x2700 fs/namei.c:3780\n do_filp_open+0x1c5/0x410 fs/namei.c:3810\n do_sys_openat2+0x171/0x4d0 fs/open.c:1318\n do_sys_open fs/open.c:1334 [inline]\n __do_sys_openat fs/open.c:1350 [inline]\n __se_sys_openat fs/open.c:1345 [inline]\n __x64_sys_openat+0x13c/0x1f0 fs/open.c:1345\n do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/common.c:51 [inline]\n do_syscall_64+0x35/0x80 arch/x86/entry/common.c:81\n entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x6e/0xd8\n\nFound by Linux Verification Center (linuxtesting.org) with Syzkaller."
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-07-24T14:34:07.309Z",
        "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "shortName": "Linux"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/3d3fcf23993bb756de2f912ab631cfdcc4746554"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/99cde0a7b1e98fd3970aabef1300918e91698dd5"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/1a02a5028bd6dead1f8503854ef3168d651cd417"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/197971e6ffc0a6356b2ba2b22beb42bc0f7e412d"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/3804e6de30ae7b053d53341d9d6944356cf23b40"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/717f721eb67d2dacd3ed5f7495aef2f442e84ce4"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/f73aa66dffcb8e61e78f01b56163ec16a15d06d2"
        }
      ],
      "title": "block: Avoid mounting the bdev pseudo-filesystem in userspace",
      "x_generator": {
        "engine": "bippy-1.2.0"
      }
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
    "assignerShortName": "Linux",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-63810",
    "datePublished": "2026-07-19T12:02:12.484Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-07-19T07:54:57.013Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-07-24T14:34:07.309Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}