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        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nipv4: igmp: remove multicast group from hash table on device destruction\n\nWhen a device is destroyed under RTNL, ip_mc_destroy_dev() iterates through\nthe multicast list and calls ip_ma_put() on each membership, scheduling\nthem for RCU reclamation. However, they are not unlinked from the device\u0027s\nmulticast hash table (mc_hash).\n\nSince the device remains published in dev-\u003eip_ptr until after\nip_mc_destroy_dev() completes, concurrent RCU readers traversing mc_hash\ncan still locate and access the multicast group after its refcount is\ndecremented. If the RCU callback runs and frees the group while a reader is\naccessing it, a use-after-free occurs.\n\nFix this by unlinking the multicast group from mc_hash using\nip_mc_hash_remove() before scheduling it for reclamation.\n\nBUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in ip_check_mc_rcu+0x149/0x3f0\nRead of size 4 at addr ffff888009bf1408 by task mausezahn/2276\n\nCall Trace:\n \u003cIRQ\u003e\n dump_stack_lvl+0x67/0x90\n print_report+0x175/0x7c0\n kasan_report+0x147/0x180\n ip_check_mc_rcu+0x149/0x3f0\n udp_v4_early_demux+0x36d/0x12d0\n ip_rcv_finish_core+0xb8b/0x1390\n ip_rcv_finish+0x54/0x120\n NF_HOOK+0x213/0x2b0\n __netif_receive_skb+0x126/0x340\n process_backlog+0x4f2/0xf00\n __napi_poll+0x92/0x2c0\n net_rx_action+0x583/0xc60\n handle_softirqs+0x236/0x7f0\n do_softirq+0x57/0x80\n \u003c/IRQ\u003e\n\nAllocated by task 2239:\n kasan_save_track+0x3e/0x80\n __kasan_kmalloc+0x72/0x90\n ____ip_mc_inc_group+0x31a/0xa40\n __ip_mc_join_group+0x334/0x3f0\n do_ip_setsockopt+0x16fa/0x2010\n ip_setsockopt+0x3f/0x90\n do_sock_setsockopt+0x1ad/0x300\n\nFreed by task 0:\n kasan_save_track+0x3e/0x80\n kasan_save_free_info+0x40/0x50\n __kasan_slab_free+0x3a/0x60\n __rcu_free_sheaf_prepare+0xd4/0x220\n rcu_free_sheaf+0x36/0x190\n rcu_core+0x8d9/0x12f0\n handle_softirqs+0x236/0x7f0"
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "baseScore": 7.8,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
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            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "AV:L - An end-to-end attacker-controlled trigger requires local socket and netlink operations to create multicast memberships and concurrently destroy IPv4 device state; received multicast packets alone cannot initiate the necessary teardown. These operations are reachable inside an attacker-created user and network namespace.\nAC:L - The attacker can populate mc_hash, generate continuous multicast traffic, and repeatedly tear down IPv4 state, controlling both sides of the race. No victim-dependent timing or secret state is required.\nPR:L - Device teardown or invalid-MTU configuration requires CAP_NET_ADMIN in the target network namespace, while multicast joins and UDP sends are unprivileged. An ordinary user can obtain this namespace-scoped capability through unprivileged user and network namespaces.\nUI:N - Exploitation requires no action by another user once the attacker can execute locally and create the required namespace and traffic.\nS:U - The vulnerable code and resulting host-kernel compromise remain within the same security authority; this is conventional kernel privilege escalation rather than a guest-to-host escape.\nC:H - The stale kmalloc-256 ip_mc_list entry exposes reuse-controlled fields and pointers to kernel reads, making kernel-memory disclosure and broader read primitives plausible.\nI:H - Reallocation permits attacker-influenced object contents to drive spinlock writes and pointer traversal on freed memory, making heap corruption and control-flow hijacking defensible.\nA:H - The confirmed slab use-after-free can dereference corrupted hash pointers or operate on an invalid spinlock, causing a kernel oops, panic, general-protection fault, or hang."
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        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/7993211bde166471dffac074dc965489f86531f8"
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    "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T12:41:53.442Z",
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          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/286533cb14a3c8a8bd39ff64ea2fc8e1aa0f638b"
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      "title": "gpio: sch: use raw_spinlock_t in the irq startup path",
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    "dateUpdated": "2026-07-25T08:51:05.460Z",
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          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\ngpio: eic-sprd: use raw_spinlock_t in the irq startup path\n\nsprd_eic_irq_unmask() enables the GPIO IRQ and then updates controller\nstate through sprd_eic_update(), which takes sprd_eic-\u003elock with\nspin_lock_irqsave().  The callback can be reached from irq_startup()\nwhile setting up a requested IRQ.  That path is not sleepable, but on\nPREEMPT_RT a regular spinlock_t becomes a sleeping lock.\n\nThis issue was found by our static analysis tool and then manually\nreviewed against the current tree.\n\nThe grounded PoC kept the request_threaded_irq() -\u003e __setup_irq() -\u003e\nirq_startup() -\u003e sprd_eic_irq_unmask() -\u003e sprd_eic_update() carrier and\nused the original spin_lock_irqsave(\u0026sprd_eic-\u003elock) edge.  Lockdep\n\n  BUG: sleeping function called from invalid context\n  hardirqs last disabled at ... __setup_irq.constprop.0 ... [vuln_msv]\n  sprd_rt_spin_lock_irqsave+0x1c/0x30 [vuln_msv]\n  sprd_eic_update.constprop.0+0x48/0x90 [vuln_msv]\n  sprd_eic_irq_unmask.constprop.0+0x35/0x50 [vuln_msv]\n  __setup_irq.constprop.0+0xd/0x30 [vuln_msv]\n\nConvert the Spreadtrum EIC controller lock to raw_spinlock_t.  The\nlocked section only serializes MMIO register updates and does not contain\nsleepable operations, so keeping it non-sleeping is appropriate for the\nirqchip callbacks."
        }
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          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\naudit: Fix data races of skb_queue_len() readers on audit_queue\n\nMultiple readers access audit_queue.qlen via skb_queue_len() without\nholding the queue lock or using READ_ONCE(), while kauditd writes to\nthis field via the skb_dequeue() \u2192 __skb_unlink() path with WRITE_ONCE()\nprotected by a spinlock. This constitutes data races.\n\nAll affected skb_queue_len(\u0026audit_queue) call sites:\n  - kauditd_thread() wait_event_freezable() condition\n  - audit_receive_msg() AUDIT_GET handler (s.backlog assignment)\n  - audit_receive() backlog check\n  - audit_log_start() backlog check and pr_warn()\n\nKCSAN reports the following conflicting access pattern (one example):\n==================================================================\nBUG: KCSAN: data-race in audit_log_start / skb_dequeue\n\nwrite (marked) to 0xffffffff8512ee20 of 4 bytes by task 661 on cpu 57:\n skb_dequeue+0x70/0xf0\n kauditd_send_queue+0x71/0x220\n kauditd_thread+0x1cb/0x430\n kthread+0x1c2/0x210\n ret_from_fork+0x162/0x1a0\n ret_from_fork_asm+0x1a/0x30\n\nread to 0xffffffff8512ee20 of 4 bytes by task 36586 on cpu 1:\n audit_log_start+0x2a0/0x6b0\n audit_core_dumps+0x64/0xa0\n do_coredump+0x14b/0x1260\n get_signal+0xeb2/0xf70\n arch_do_signal_or_restart+0x41/0x170\n exit_to_user_mode_loop+0xa2/0x1c0\n do_syscall_64+0x1a3/0x1c0\n entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x76/0xe0\n\nvalue changed: 0x00000001 -\u003e 0x00000000\n==================================================================\n\nResolve the race by switching to lockless helper skb_queue_len_lockless(),\nwhich internally uses READ_ONCE() and properly pairs with the WRITE_ONCE()\nwrite accesses already present on the writer side.\n\n[PM: line length tweak]"
        }
      ],
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            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:H",
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              "value": "AV:N - Unauthenticated packets matching a pre-existing nftables audit-level logging or xtables AUDIT rule reach audit_log_start() through the network receive and netfilter paths.\nAC:L - Parallel matching traffic invokes the vulnerable readers while feeding and waking kauditd, allowing the attacker to repeatedly drive both sides of the race.\nPR:N - The audit rule must already be configured, but the remote attacker needs no credentials or capabilities to send matching packets.\nUI:N - No victim action is required after the affected network-audit configuration is active.\nS:U - The race and its effects remain within the host kernel and its audit security authority.\nC:N - The raced value is only the 32-bit queue length; no pointer, packet contents, or adjacent memory is disclosed.\nI:L - An incorrect backlog decision can delay or discard audit records, causing limited corruption of the security audit trail without an arbitrary-write primitive.\nA:H - In hardened systems using AUDIT_FAIL_PANIC, a raced queue length interpreted as exceeding the limit from the GFP_ATOMIC packet-audit path calls audit_log_lost() and can panic the kernel."
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        }
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      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T12:41:58.857Z",
        "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "shortName": "Linux"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/69f98fff30bdaa72b0cb0e7e078ab6456a0a59b0"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b35597bdae1a5d8395da4b9baa993b9b71f74d68"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e575dabb805252e3113fdc3f56f6ecacfde422d0"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/7ff42312ccde549f8c698723822c7db35107a39b"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a3d85dec60bb0622360fc176b2a51abdbe2ff0ad"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/fe997a84a385f840b593ead92e575503a5046cee"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c5186201fa7030289cc4fe23fae87a3fcb566856"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c9a71daaecb2fb1d8c704545cc0b1c920b9bf5d7"
        }
      ],
      "title": "audit: Fix data races of skb_queue_len() readers on audit_queue",
      "x_generator": {
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  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
    "assignerShortName": "Linux",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-64435",
    "datePublished": "2026-07-25T08:51:09.688Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-07-19T15:36:31.787Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T12:41:58.857Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
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}

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              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.18.*",
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              "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
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          ]
        }
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      "cpeApplicability": [
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      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nnet: af_key: initialize alg_key_len for IPComp states\n\npfkey_msg2xfrm_state() handles the IPComp (SADB_X_SATYPE_IPCOMP) case by\nallocating x-\u003ecalg and copying only the algorithm name:\n\n\tx-\u003ecalg = kmalloc_obj(*x-\u003ecalg);\n\tif (!x-\u003ecalg) {\n\t\terr = -ENOMEM;\n\t\tgoto out;\n\t}\n\tstrcpy(x-\u003ecalg-\u003ealg_name, a-\u003ename);\n\tx-\u003eprops.calgo = sa-\u003esadb_sa_encrypt;\n\nUnlike the authentication (x-\u003eaalg) and encryption (x-\u003eealg) branches of\nthe same function, the compression branch never initializes\ncalg-\u003ealg_key_len.  IPComp carries no key and the allocation only\nreserves sizeof(struct xfrm_algo) (i.e. no room for a key), so the field\nis left containing uninitialized slab data.\n\ncalg-\u003ealg_key_len is later used as a length by xfrm_algo_clone() when an\nIPComp state is cloned during XFRM_MSG_MIGRATE:\n\n\txfrm_state_migrate()\n\t  xfrm_state_clone_and_setup()\n\t    x-\u003ecalg = xfrm_algo_clone(orig-\u003ecalg);\n\t      kmemdup(orig, xfrm_alg_len(orig));\n\nwhere xfrm_alg_len() returns sizeof(*alg) + (alg_key_len + 7) / 8.  With\na non-zero garbage alg_key_len, kmemdup() reads past the end of the\n68-byte calg object.  Adding an IPComp SA via PF_KEY and then migrating\nit triggers (net-next, KASAN, init_on_alloc=0):\n\n  BUG: KASAN: slab-out-of-bounds in kmemdup_noprof+0x44/0x60\n  Read of size 4164 at addr ff11000025a74980 by task diag2/9287\n  CPU: 3 UID: 0 PID: 9287 Comm: diag2 7.1.0-rc6-g903db046d557 #1\n  Call Trace:\n   \u003cTASK\u003e\n   dump_stack_lvl+0x10e/0x1f0\n   print_report+0xf7/0x600\n   kasan_report+0xe4/0x120\n   kasan_check_range+0x105/0x1b0\n   __asan_memcpy+0x23/0x60\n   kmemdup_noprof+0x44/0x60\n   xfrm_state_migrate+0x70a/0x1da0\n   xfrm_migrate+0x753/0x18a0\n   xfrm_do_migrate+0xb47/0xf10\n   xfrm_user_rcv_msg+0x411/0xb50\n   netlink_rcv_skb+0x158/0x420\n   xfrm_netlink_rcv+0x71/0x90\n   netlink_unicast+0x584/0x850\n   netlink_sendmsg+0x8b0/0xdc0\n   ____sys_sendmsg+0x9f7/0xb90\n   ___sys_sendmsg+0x134/0x1d0\n   __sys_sendmsg+0x16d/0x220\n   do_syscall_64+0x116/0x7d0\n   entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f\n   \u003c/TASK\u003e\n\n  Allocated by task 9287:\n   kasan_save_stack+0x33/0x60\n   kasan_save_track+0x14/0x30\n   __kasan_kmalloc+0xaa/0xb0\n   pfkey_add+0x2652/0x2ea0\n   pfkey_process+0x6d0/0x830\n   pfkey_sendmsg+0x42c/0x850\n   __sys_sendto+0x461/0x4b0\n   __x64_sys_sendto+0xe0/0x1c0\n   do_syscall_64+0x116/0x7d0\n   entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f\n\n  The buggy address belongs to the object at ff11000025a74980\n   which belongs to the cache kmalloc-96 of size 96\n  The buggy address is located 0 bytes inside of\n   allocated 68-byte region [ff11000025a74980, ff11000025a749c4)\n\nDepending on the uninitialized value the same field can instead request\nan oversized kmemdup() allocation and make the migration clone fail.\n\nThe XFRM netlink path is not affected: verify_one_alg() rejects an\nXFRMA_ALG_COMP attribute shorter than xfrm_alg_len(), so a calg added via\nXFRM_MSG_NEWSA is always self-consistent.\n\nInitialize calg-\u003ealg_key_len to 0, matching the aalg/ealg branches."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
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            "baseScore": 7.1,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "scenarios": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "AV:L - Exploitation requires local PF_KEY and XFRM netlink messages; received IPComp network packets cannot create or migrate the vulnerable state.\nAC:L - The attacker can deterministically prime the same kmalloc-96 cache and control the stale length before triggering migration. No race or victim-controlled condition is required.\nPR:L - Both paths require CAP_NET_ADMIN relative to the network namespace\u0027s owning user namespace. An unprivileged user can obtain this capability in a newly created user and network namespace.\nUI:N - No victim action is required after the attacker gains local execution and submits the crafted state and migration messages.\nS:U - The vulnerability affects the host kernel within its existing security authority and does not cross a VM, IOMMU, or equivalent scope boundary.\nC:H - The controlled length causes a potentially large out-of-bounds read across adjacent kernel heap objects, which can capture sensitive kernel memory and is not tightly bounded.\nI:N - kmemdup allocates a destination matching the computed length, and the vulnerable operation only over-reads the source. No out-of-bounds write or control-flow modification path was identified.\nA:H - The over-read can trigger a kernel fault or panic under memory-safety enforcement. Controlled oversized clone allocations can also be repeated across states to exhaust kernel memory."
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        "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
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          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/3f63d1752d90c0e28be931a48ab5d89bc97d637d"
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          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/273c06b81d2e902b21acc801ae18c8276c8a9b69"
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          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e8417353cbd078d10531ba3928e609c84ab09e6b"
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          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/cea34abc94b0a81e3a8b5cfb41cf45af37c2c67e"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d129c3177d7b1138fd5066fcc63a698b3ba415b0"
        }
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      "title": "net: af_key: initialize alg_key_len for IPComp states",
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  "cveMetadata": {
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    "assignerShortName": "Linux",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-64436",
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    "dateReserved": "2026-07-19T15:36:31.787Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T12:41:59.931Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
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          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nksmbd: fix use-after-free of a deferred file_lock on SMB2_CLOSE then SMB2_CANCEL\n\nCommit f580d27e8928 (\"ksmbd: fix use-after-free of a deferred file_lock on\ndouble SMB2_CANCEL\") made smb2_cancel() skip a work whose state is\nKSMBD_WORK_CANCELLED, so its cancel_fn cannot be fired a second time. But\nKSMBD_WORK has three states (ACTIVE, CANCELLED, CLOSED), and the same\nfreeing producer path is reached for CLOSED too:\n\n  SMB2_CLOSE on the locking handle -\u003e set_close_state_blocked_works() sets\n  the deferred work\u0027s state to KSMBD_WORK_CLOSED and wakes the smb2_lock()\n  worker. The worker takes the non-ACTIVE early-exit, locks_free_lock()s\n  the file_lock and, because the state is not KSMBD_WORK_CANCELLED, takes\n  the STATUS_RANGE_NOT_LOCKED branch with \"goto out2\" -- which, like the\n  cancelled branch, skips release_async_work(). The work stays on\n  conn-\u003easync_requests with a live cancel_fn = smb2_remove_blocked_lock\n  pointing at the freed file_lock.\n\nA subsequent SMB2_CANCEL for the same AsyncId then passes the\nKSMBD_WORK_CANCELLED-only guard (its state is KSMBD_WORK_CLOSED), so\nsmb2_cancel() fires cancel_fn again over the freed file_lock -- the same\nuse-after-free fixed, via SMB2_CLOSE instead of a first SMB2_CANCEL:\n\n  BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in __locks_delete_block\n    __locks_delete_block\n    locks_delete_block\n    ksmbd_vfs_posix_lock_unblock\n    smb2_remove_blocked_lock\n    smb2_cancel                 \u003c- 2nd SMB2_CANCEL fires cancel_fn\n    handle_ksmbd_work\n  Allocated by ...: locks_alloc_lock \u003c- smb2_lock\n  Freed by ...:     locks_free_lock  \u003c- smb2_lock (non-ACTIVE early-exit)\n  ... cache file_lock_cache of size 192\n\nReproduced on mainline 7.1-rc7 (which already contains f580d27e8928) with\nKASAN by an authenticated SMB client; the double-SMB2_CANCEL control is\nsilent on that kernel, so the splat is attributable to the CLOSE trigger.\n\nOnly an ACTIVE deferred work may have its cancel_fn fired: both terminal\nstates (CANCELLED and CLOSED) reach the smb2_lock() early-exit that frees\nthe file_lock and skips release_async_work(). Guard on KSMBD_WORK_ACTIVE\nso any non-active work is skipped."
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              "value": "AV:N - ksmbd processes attacker-supplied SMB2 requests over TCP port 445, so the complete vulnerable path is remotely network-reachable.\nAC:L - The attacker controls the conflicting file handles, deferred LOCK, CLOSE, and CANCEL requests and can pipeline or repeat them to win the cleanup race without relying on victim-controlled conditions.\nPR:L - The sequence is post-authentication: LOCK and CLOSE require a valid SMB session, authorized tree connection, and usable file handle, but only ordinary share-user rights and no administrative capabilities.\nUI:N - No victim action is required because the authenticated SMB client can create the conflicting locks and send the complete triggering sequence.\nS:U - The corruption occurs within the host kernel serving SMB and does not inherently cross a separate virtualization, sandbox, or IOMMU security authority.\nC:H - The stale 192-byte file_lock is dereferenced through attacker-timed slab reuse, including linked-list and waitqueue pointers, making kernel-memory disclosure reasonably exploitable.\nI:H - Operations such as list unlinking and waitqueue handling on the reclaimed object can corrupt kernel pointers and potentially provide arbitrary writes or control-flow hijacking.\nA:H - The confirmed slab use-after-free can cause a kernel oops or panic, and the remote client can repeatedly trigger the sequence."
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          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/10f293a07f9e10e988b0ae44e2e99c631f5a68e0"
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          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\ncrypto: qat - fix VF2PF work teardown race in adf_disable_sriov()\n\nThe VF2PF interrupt handler queues PF-side response work that stores a\nraw pointer to per-VF state (struct adf_accel_vf_info). Currently,\nadf_disable_sriov() destroys per-VF mutexes and frees vf_info without\nstopping new VF2PF work or waiting for in-flight workers to complete. A\nconcurrently scheduled or already queued worker can then dereference\nfreed memory.\n\nThis manifests as a use-after-free when KASAN is enabled:\n\n  BUG: KASAN: null-ptr-deref in mutex_lock+0x76/0xe0\n  Write of size 8 at addr 0000000000000260 by task kworker/24:2/...\n  Workqueue: qat_pf2vf_resp_wq adf_iov_send_resp [intel_qat]\n  Call Trace:\n    kasan_report+0x119/0x140\n    mutex_lock+0x76/0xe0\n    adf_gen4_pfvf_send+0xd4/0x1f0 [intel_qat]\n    adf_recv_and_handle_vf2pf_msg+0x290/0x360 [intel_qat]\n    adf_iov_send_resp+0x8c/0xe0 [intel_qat]\n    process_one_work+0x6ac/0xfd0\n    worker_thread+0x4dd/0xd30\n    kthread+0x326/0x410\n    ret_from_fork+0x33b/0x670\n\nAdd a PF-local flag, vf2pf_disabled, that gates work queueing, worker\nprocessing, and interrupt re-enabling during teardown. Set this flag\natomically with the hardware interrupt mask inside\nadf_disable_all_vf2pf_interrupts(). After masking, synchronize the AE\ncluster MSI-X interrupt and flush the PF response workqueue before\ntearing down per-VF locks and state so all in-flight work completes\nbefore vf_info is destroyed.\n\nIntroduce adf_enable_all_vf2pf_interrupts() to clear the flag and\nunmask all VF2PF interrupts under the same lock when SR-IOV is\nre-enabled. This ensures the software flag and hardware state transition\natomically on both the enable and disable paths."
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            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
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              "value": "AV:L - Exploitation originates from a local process or guest with direct access to an assigned QAT VF, using VF MMIO or the VF driver to generate VF2PF messages; it is not network-reachable.\nAC:L - The VF controls mailbox generation, restart-complete signaling, and acknowledgement behavior, and can keep response work active for up to one second while teardown proceeds. VF removal itself also emits shutdown traffic, making the race repeatedly attacker-alignable.\nPR:L - The attacker needs authorized access to an assigned QAT VF, which can be delegated through VFIO to an unprivileged process or tenant VM. No host administrative capability is required during management-initiated teardown or reset.\nUI:N - Exploitation requires no victim-user action; device teardown, hot-unplug, shutdown, or automatic error recovery supplies the concurrent lifecycle event.\nS:C - In a virtualized deployment, a tenant controlling an assigned VF corrupts memory in the host PF kernel, crossing the guest-to-host isolation boundary.\nC:H - The freed VF-state allocation contains kernel pointers and synchronization state, and reclamation of the stale object can support disclosure of arbitrary host-kernel memory.\nI:H - The worker performs writes through destroyed mutexes and stale pointers into freed or reallocated memory, providing memory-corruption primitives potentially usable for host-kernel code execution.\nA:H - The observed use-after-free produces invalid kernel writes and NULL-pointer dereferences, allowing a kernel oops or panic and complete host availability loss."
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