Vulnerability-Lookup

Vulnerability from bitnami_vulndb

Published

2026-10-26 05:55

Modified

2026-10-29 09:16

Summary

Pillow: Quadratic-time DoS in PDF save_all (PdfParser.next_object_id)

Details

Pillow is a Python imaging library. From 5.1.0 until 13.0.0, Pillow takes quadratic time to reserve PDF object identifiers when saving many frames with save_all enabled. PdfParser.next_object_id() repeatedly rebuilds and scans all previously reserved identifiers for every object. An attacker can supply a multi-frame image, including a small APNG with a large declared frame count, to an application that converts it to a multipage PDF. This can consume excessive CPU and deny service. This issue is fixed in version 13.0.0.

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Bitnami",
        "name": "pillow",
        "purl": "pkg:bitnami/pillow"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "5.1.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "13.0.0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "SEMVER"
        }
      ],
      "severity": [
        {
          "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
          "type": "CVSS_V4"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-112894"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cpes": [
      "cpe:2.3:a:python:pillow:*:*:*:*:*:python:*:*"
    ],
    "severity": "High"
  },
  "details": "Pillow is a Python imaging library. From 5.1.0 until 13.0.0, Pillow takes quadratic time to reserve PDF object identifiers when saving many frames with save_all enabled. PdfParser.next_object_id() repeatedly rebuilds and scans all previously reserved identifiers for every object. An attacker can supply a multi-frame image, including a small APNG with a large declared frame count, to an application that converts it to a multipage PDF. This can consume excessive CPU and deny service. This issue is fixed in version 13.0.0.",
  "id": "BIT-pillow-2026-112894",
  "modified": "2026-10-29T09:16:42.832Z",
  "published": "2026-10-26T05:55:55.425Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "FIX",
      "url": "https://github.com/python-pillow/Pillow/commit/f6a852555f1a1bdff7781abf25f1a3b8bd6ce6cb"
    },
    {
      "type": "ARTICLE",
      "url": "https://github.com/python-pillow/Pillow/releases/tag/13.0.0"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://github.com/python-pillow/Pillow/security/advisories/GHSA-jg86-v3jv-hrpm"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-112894"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.6.2",
  "summary": "Pillow: Quadratic-time DoS in PDF save_all (PdfParser.next_object_id)"
}

CVE-2026-112894 (GCVE-0-2026-112894)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-19 21:55 – Updated: 2026-10-20 14:46

Title

Pillow: Quadratic-time DoS in PDF save_all (PdfParser.next_object_id)

Summary

Severity

8.7 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

SSVC

Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2026-10-20 14:45 UTC

CWE

CWE-407 - Inefficient Algorithmic Complexity

Assigner

GitHub_M CNA under the mitre root

CNA scorecard C 72/100 over 7926 records in the last 180 days details

References

3 references

URL	Tags
https://github.com/python-pillow/Pillow/security/…	x_refsource_CONFIRM
https://github.com/python-pillow/Pillow/commit/f6…	x_refsource_MISC
https://github.com/python-pillow/Pillow/releases/…	x_refsource_MISC

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
python-pillow	Pillow	Affected: >= 5.1.0, < 13.0.0

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2026-112894",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "poc"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "yes"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "partial"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2026-10-20T14:45:17.111679Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2026-10-20T14:46:13.675Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "references": [
          {
            "tags": [
              "exploit"
            ],
            "url": "https://github.com/python-pillow/Pillow/security/advisories/GHSA-jg86-v3jv-hrpm"
          }
        ],
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "product": "Pillow",
          "vendor": "python-pillow",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "\u003e= 5.1.0, \u003c 13.0.0"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "Pillow is a Python imaging library. From 5.1.0 until 13.0.0, Pillow takes quadratic time to reserve PDF object identifiers when saving many frames with save_all enabled. PdfParser.next_object_id() repeatedly rebuilds and scans all previously reserved identifiers for every object. An attacker can supply a multi-frame image, including a small APNG with a large declared frame count, to an application that converts it to a multipage PDF. This can consume excessive CPU and deny service. This issue is fixed in version 13.0.0."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV4_0": {
            "attackComplexity": "LOW",
            "attackRequirements": "NONE",
            "attackVector": "NETWORK",
            "baseScore": 8.7,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
            "subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
            "subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
            "subIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
            "version": "4.0",
            "vulnAvailabilityImpact": "HIGH",
            "vulnConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
            "vulnIntegrityImpact": "NONE"
          }
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-407",
              "description": "CWE-407: Inefficient Algorithmic Complexity",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-10-19T21:55:19.424Z",
        "orgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
        "shortName": "GitHub_M"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/python-pillow/Pillow/security/advisories/GHSA-jg86-v3jv-hrpm",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_CONFIRM"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/python-pillow/Pillow/security/advisories/GHSA-jg86-v3jv-hrpm"
        },
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/python-pillow/Pillow/commit/f6a852555f1a1bdff7781abf25f1a3b8bd6ce6cb",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/python-pillow/Pillow/commit/f6a852555f1a1bdff7781abf25f1a3b8bd6ce6cb"
        },
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/python-pillow/Pillow/releases/tag/13.0.0",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/python-pillow/Pillow/releases/tag/13.0.0"
        }
      ],
      "source": {
        "advisory": "GHSA-jg86-v3jv-hrpm",
        "discovery": "UNKNOWN"
      },
      "title": "Pillow: Quadratic-time DoS in PDF save_all (PdfParser.next_object_id)"
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
    "assignerShortName": "GitHub_M",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-112894",
    "datePublished": "2026-10-19T21:55:19.424Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-10-19T20:16:09.856Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-10-20T14:46:13.675Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}

Sightings

Author	Source	Type	Date	Other

Nomenclature

Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.

Vulnerability timeline

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The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base model, served locally by ML-Gateway. They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.

Related by attack behaviour

Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.

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