Vulnerability-Lookup

GHSA-QP59-X883-77QV

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-01-21 01:06 – Updated: 2026-01-21 01:06

Summary

ImageMagick has a Memory Leak in LoadOpenCLDeviceBenchmark() when parsing malformed XML

Details

Summary

A memory leak vulnerability exists in the LoadOpenCLDeviceBenchmark() function in MagickCore/opencl.c. When parsing a malformed OpenCL device profile XML file that contains <device elements without proper /> closing tags, the function fails to release allocated memory for string members (platform_name, vendor_name, name, version), leading to memory leaks that could result in resource exhaustion.

Affected Version: ImageMagick 7.1.2-12 and possibly earlier versions

Details

The vulnerability is located in MagickCore/opencl.c, function LoadOpenCLDeviceBenchmark() (lines 754-911).

Root Cause Analysis:

When a <device tag is encountered, a MagickCLDeviceBenchmark structure is allocated (line 807-812)
String attributes (platform, vendor, name, version) are allocated via ConstantString() (lines 878, 885, 898, 900)
These strings are only freed when a /> closing tag is encountered (lines 840-849)
At function exit (lines 908-910), only the device_benchmark structure is freed, but its member variables are not freed if /> was never parsed

Vulnerable Code (lines 908-910):

token=(char *) RelinquishMagickMemory(token);
device_benchmark=(MagickCLDeviceBenchmark *) RelinquishMagickMemory(
  device_benchmark);  // BUG: members (platform_name, vendor_name, name, version) not freed!

Correct cleanup (only executed when /> is found, lines 840-849):

device_benchmark->platform_name=(char *) RelinquishMagickMemory(device_benchmark->platform_name);
device_benchmark->vendor_name=(char *) RelinquishMagickMemory(device_benchmark->vendor_name);
device_benchmark->name=(char *) RelinquishMagickMemory(device_benchmark->name);
device_benchmark->version=(char *) RelinquishMagickMemory(device_benchmark->version);
device_benchmark=(MagickCLDeviceBenchmark *) RelinquishMagickMemory(device_benchmark);

PoC

Environment: - OS: Ubuntu 22.04.5 LTS (Linux 6.8.0-87-generic x86_64) - Compiler: GCC 11.4.0 - ImageMagick: 7.1.2-13 (commit a52c1b402be08ef8ae193f28ac5b2e120f2fa26f)

Step 1: Build ImageMagick with AddressSanitizer

cd ImageMagick
./configure \
    CFLAGS="-g -O0 -fsanitize=address -fno-omit-frame-pointer" \
    CXXFLAGS="-g -O0 -fsanitize=address -fno-omit-frame-pointer" \
    LDFLAGS="-fsanitize=address" \
    --disable-openmp
make -j$(nproc)

Step 2: Create malformed XML file

Step 3: Place file in OpenCL cache directory

mkdir -p ~/.cache/ImageMagick
cp malformed_opencl_profile.xml ~/.cache/ImageMagick/ImagemagickOpenCLDeviceProfile.xml

Step 4: Run ImageMagick with leak detection

export ASAN_OPTIONS="detect_leaks=1:symbolize=1"
./utilities/magick -size 100x100 xc:red output.png

ASAN Output:

=================================================================
==2543490==ERROR: LeakSanitizer: detected memory leaks

Direct leak of 96 byte(s) in 2 object(s) allocated from:
    #0 ... in AcquireMagickMemory MagickCore/memory.c:536
    #1 ... in LoadOpenCLDeviceBenchmark MagickCore/opencl.c:807

Direct leak of 16 byte(s) in 1 object(s) allocated from:
    #0 ... in ConstantString MagickCore/string.c:692
    #1 ... in LoadOpenCLDeviceBenchmark MagickCore/opencl.c:878  ← name

Direct leak of 14 byte(s) in 1 object(s) allocated from:
    #0 ... in ConstantString MagickCore/string.c:692
    #1 ... in LoadOpenCLDeviceBenchmark MagickCore/opencl.c:885  ← platform_name

Direct leak of 14 byte(s) in 1 object(s) allocated from:
    #0 ... in ConstantString MagickCore/string.c:692
    #1 ... in LoadOpenCLDeviceBenchmark MagickCore/opencl.c:898  ← vendor_name

Direct leak of 15 byte(s) in 1 object(s) allocated from:
    #0 ... in ConstantString MagickCore/string.c:692
    #1 ... in LoadOpenCLDeviceBenchmark MagickCore/opencl.c:900  ← version

SUMMARY: AddressSanitizer: 203 byte(s) leaked in 18 allocation(s).

Impact

Vulnerability Type: CWE-401 (Missing Release of Memory after Effective Lifetime)

Severity: Low

Who is impacted: - Users who have OpenCL enabled in ImageMagick - Systems where an attacker can place or modify files in the OpenCL cache directory (~/.cache/ImageMagick/) - Long-running ImageMagick processes or services that repeatedly initialize OpenCL

Potential consequences: - Memory exhaustion over time if the malformed configuration is repeatedly loaded - Denial of Service (DoS) in resource-constrained environments

Attack Vector: Local - requires write access to the user's OpenCL cache directory

Severity

6.5 (Medium)


                  
                    CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:H

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  "aliases": [],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-763"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-01-21T01:06:34Z",
    "nvd_published_at": null,
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "### Summary\n\nA memory leak vulnerability exists in the `LoadOpenCLDeviceBenchmark()` function in `MagickCore/opencl.c`. When parsing a malformed OpenCL device profile XML file that contains `\u003cdevice` elements without proper `/\u003e` closing tags, the function fails to release allocated memory for string members (`platform_name`, `vendor_name`, `name`, `version`), leading to memory leaks that could result in resource exhaustion.\n\n**Affected Version**: ImageMagick 7.1.2-12 and possibly earlier versions\n\n---\n\n### Details\n\nThe vulnerability is located in `MagickCore/opencl.c`, function `LoadOpenCLDeviceBenchmark()` (lines 754-911).\n\n**Root Cause Analysis:**\n\n1. When a `\u003cdevice` tag is encountered, a `MagickCLDeviceBenchmark` structure is allocated (line 807-812)\n2. String attributes (`platform`, `vendor`, `name`, `version`) are allocated via `ConstantString()` (lines 878, 885, 898, 900)\n3. These strings are **only freed** when a `/\u003e` closing tag is encountered (lines 840-849)\n4. At function exit (lines 908-910), only the `device_benchmark` structure is freed, but **its member variables are not freed** if `/\u003e` was never parsed\n\n**Vulnerable Code (lines 908-910):**\n\n```c\ntoken=(char *) RelinquishMagickMemory(token);\ndevice_benchmark=(MagickCLDeviceBenchmark *) RelinquishMagickMemory(\n  device_benchmark);  // BUG: members (platform_name, vendor_name, name, version) not freed!\n```\n\n**Correct cleanup (only executed when `/\u003e` is found, lines 840-849):**\n\n```c\ndevice_benchmark-\u003eplatform_name=(char *) RelinquishMagickMemory(device_benchmark-\u003eplatform_name);\ndevice_benchmark-\u003evendor_name=(char *) RelinquishMagickMemory(device_benchmark-\u003evendor_name);\ndevice_benchmark-\u003ename=(char *) RelinquishMagickMemory(device_benchmark-\u003ename);\ndevice_benchmark-\u003eversion=(char *) RelinquishMagickMemory(device_benchmark-\u003eversion);\ndevice_benchmark=(MagickCLDeviceBenchmark *) RelinquishMagickMemory(device_benchmark);\n```\n\n---\n\n### PoC\n\n**Environment:**\n- OS: Ubuntu 22.04.5 LTS (Linux 6.8.0-87-generic x86_64)\n- Compiler: GCC 11.4.0\n- ImageMagick: 7.1.2-13 (commit `a52c1b402be08ef8ae193f28ac5b2e120f2fa26f`)\n\n**Step 1: Build ImageMagick with AddressSanitizer**\n\n```bash\ncd ImageMagick\n./configure \\\n    CFLAGS=\"-g -O0 -fsanitize=address -fno-omit-frame-pointer\" \\\n    CXXFLAGS=\"-g -O0 -fsanitize=address -fno-omit-frame-pointer\" \\\n    LDFLAGS=\"-fsanitize=address\" \\\n    --disable-openmp\nmake -j$(nproc)\n```\n\n**Step 2: Create malformed XML file**\n\n**Step 3: Place file in OpenCL cache directory**\n\n```bash\nmkdir -p ~/.cache/ImageMagick\ncp malformed_opencl_profile.xml ~/.cache/ImageMagick/ImagemagickOpenCLDeviceProfile.xml\n```\n\n**Step 4: Run ImageMagick with leak detection**\n\n```bash\nexport ASAN_OPTIONS=\"detect_leaks=1:symbolize=1\"\n./utilities/magick -size 100x100 xc:red output.png\n```\n\n**ASAN Output:**\n\n```\n=================================================================\n==2543490==ERROR: LeakSanitizer: detected memory leaks\n\nDirect leak of 96 byte(s) in 2 object(s) allocated from:\n    #0 ... in AcquireMagickMemory MagickCore/memory.c:536\n    #1 ... in LoadOpenCLDeviceBenchmark MagickCore/opencl.c:807\n\nDirect leak of 16 byte(s) in 1 object(s) allocated from:\n    #0 ... in ConstantString MagickCore/string.c:692\n    #1 ... in LoadOpenCLDeviceBenchmark MagickCore/opencl.c:878  \u2190 name\n\nDirect leak of 14 byte(s) in 1 object(s) allocated from:\n    #0 ... in ConstantString MagickCore/string.c:692\n    #1 ... in LoadOpenCLDeviceBenchmark MagickCore/opencl.c:885  \u2190 platform_name\n\nDirect leak of 14 byte(s) in 1 object(s) allocated from:\n    #0 ... in ConstantString MagickCore/string.c:692\n    #1 ... in LoadOpenCLDeviceBenchmark MagickCore/opencl.c:898  \u2190 vendor_name\n\nDirect leak of 15 byte(s) in 1 object(s) allocated from:\n    #0 ... in ConstantString MagickCore/string.c:692\n    #1 ... in LoadOpenCLDeviceBenchmark MagickCore/opencl.c:900  \u2190 version\n\nSUMMARY: AddressSanitizer: 203 byte(s) leaked in 18 allocation(s).\n```\n\n---\n\n### Impact\n\n**Vulnerability Type:** CWE-401 (Missing Release of Memory after Effective Lifetime)\n\n**Severity:** Low\n\n**Who is impacted:**\n- Users who have OpenCL enabled in ImageMagick\n- Systems where an attacker can place or modify files in the OpenCL cache directory (`~/.cache/ImageMagick/`)\n- Long-running ImageMagick processes or services that repeatedly initialize OpenCL\n\n**Potential consequences:**\n- Memory exhaustion over time if the malformed configuration is repeatedly loaded\n- Denial of Service (DoS) in resource-constrained environments\n\n**Attack Vector:** Local - requires write access to the user\u0027s OpenCL cache directory",
  "id": "GHSA-qp59-x883-77qv",
  "modified": "2026-01-21T01:06:34Z",
  "published": "2026-01-21T01:06:34Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/ImageMagick/ImageMagick/security/advisories/GHSA-qp59-x883-77qv"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/ImageMagick/ImageMagick"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/dlemstra/Magick.NET/releases/tag/14.10.2"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "ImageMagick has a Memory Leak in LoadOpenCLDeviceBenchmark() when parsing malformed XML"
}

Sightings

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Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.

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GHSA-QP59-X883-77QV

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