Vulnerability-Lookup

GHSA-75MJ-4G74-9RG2

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-12-13 18:30 – Updated: 2025-12-15 23:55

Summary

Universal Tool Calling Protocol (UTCP) client library for Python vulnerable to Trust Boundary Violation through Manual JSON specification

Details

The vulnerability arises when a client fetches a tools’ JSON specification, known as a Manual, from a remote Manual Endpoint. While a provider may initially serve a benign manual (e.g., one defining an HTTP tool call), earning the clients’ trust, a malicious provider can later change the manual to exploit the client.

Severity

7.5 (High)


                  
                    CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

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{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "PyPI",
        "name": "utcp"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "1.1.0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-14542"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-501"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2025-12-15T23:55:42Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-12-13T16:16:51Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "The vulnerability arises when a client fetches a tools\u2019 JSON specification, known as a Manual, from a remote Manual Endpoint. While a provider may initially serve a benign manual (e.g., one defining an HTTP tool call), earning the clients\u2019 trust, a malicious provider can later change the manual to exploit the client.",
  "id": "GHSA-75mj-4g74-9rg2",
  "modified": "2025-12-15T23:55:42Z",
  "published": "2025-12-13T18:30:21Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-14542"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/universal-tool-calling-protocol/python-utcp/commit/2dc9c02df72cad3770c934959325ec344b441444"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/universal-tool-calling-protocol/python-utcp"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://research.jfrog.com/vulnerabilities/python-utcp-untrusted-manual-command-execution-jfsa-2025-001648329"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Universal Tool Calling Protocol (UTCP) client library for Python vulnerable to Trust Boundary Violation through Manual JSON specification"
}

CVE-2025-14542 (GCVE-0-2025-14542)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-12-13 09:59 – Updated: 2025-12-13 22:54

Title

Command execution in python-utcp allows attackers to achieve remote code execution when fetching a remote Manual from a malicious endpoint

Summary

Severity

7.5 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

SSVC

Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: total

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2025-12-13 22:54 UTC

CWE

CWE-501 - Trust Boundary Violation

Assigner

JFROG CNA under the mitre root

CNA scorecard C 75/100 over 62 records in the last 180 days details

References

2 references

URL	Tags
https://research.jfrog.com/vulnerabilities/python…	third-party-advisory
https://github.com/universal-tool-calling-protoco…	patch

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
		Affected: 0 , < 1.1.0 (python)

Show details on NVD website

JSON

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{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2025-14542",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "poc"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "no"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "total"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2025-12-13T22:54:03.708584Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2025-12-13T22:54:11.290Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "collectionURL": "https://pypi.org/project/pip",
          "packageName": "utcp",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThan": "1.1.0",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "0",
              "versionType": "python"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
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              "type": "text/html",
              "value": "\u003cp\u003eThe vulnerability arises when a client fetches a tools\u2019 JSON specification, known as a Manual, from a remote Manual Endpoint. While a provider may initially serve a benign manual (e.g., one defining an HTTP tool call), earning the clients\u2019 trust, a malicious provider can later change the manual to exploit the client.\u003c/p\u003e"
            }
          ],
          "value": "The vulnerability arises when a client fetches a tools\u2019 JSON specification, known as a Manual, from a remote Manual Endpoint. While a provider may initially serve a benign manual (e.g., one defining an HTTP tool call), earning the clients\u2019 trust, a malicious provider can later change the manual to exploit the client."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "attackComplexity": "HIGH",
            "attackVector": "NETWORK",
            "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
            "baseScore": 7.5,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
            "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
            "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
            "scope": "UNCHANGED",
            "userInteraction": "REQUIRED",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
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        "dateUpdated": "2025-12-13T09:59:41.376Z",
        "orgId": "48a46f29-ae42-4e1d-90dd-c1676c1e5e6d",
        "shortName": "JFROG"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "tags": [
            "third-party-advisory"
          ],
          "url": "https://research.jfrog.com/vulnerabilities/python-utcp-untrusted-manual-command-execution-jfsa-2025-001648329/"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
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          "url": "https://github.com/universal-tool-calling-protocol/python-utcp/commit/2dc9c02df72cad3770c934959325ec344b441444"
        }
      ],
      "source": {
        "discovery": "EXTERNAL"
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      "title": "Command execution in python-utcp allows attackers to achieve remote code execution when fetching a remote Manual from a malicious endpoint"
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    "assignerShortName": "JFROG",
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    "datePublished": "2025-12-13T09:59:41.376Z",
    "dateReserved": "2025-12-11T13:46:59.266Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2025-12-13T22:54:11.290Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}

PYSEC-2026-2000

Vulnerability from pysec - Published: 2026-07-07 16:03 - Updated: 2026-07-07 17:25

Details

Severity

7.5 (High)


                  
                    CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Impacted products

Name	purl
utcp	pkg:pypi/utcp

Aliases

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "PyPI",
        "name": "utcp",
        "purl": "pkg:pypi/utcp"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "1.1.0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ],
      "versions": [
        "0.1.0",
        "0.1.2",
        "0.1.3",
        "0.1.4",
        "0.1.5",
        "0.1.6",
        "0.1.7",
        "0.1.8",
        "0.2.0",
        "0.2.1",
        "0.2.2",
        "0.2.3",
        "1.0.0",
        "1.0.1",
        "1.0.2",
        "1.0.3",
        "1.0.4"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-14542",
    "GHSA-75mj-4g74-9rg2"
  ],
  "details": "The vulnerability arises when a client fetches a tools\u2019 JSON specification, known as a Manual, from a remote Manual Endpoint. While a provider may initially serve a benign manual (e.g., one defining an HTTP tool call), earning the clients\u2019 trust, a malicious provider can later change the manual to exploit the client.",
  "id": "PYSEC-2026-2000",
  "modified": "2026-07-07T17:25:46.004919Z",
  "published": "2026-07-07T16:03:12.815097Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-14542"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/universal-tool-calling-protocol/python-utcp/commit/2dc9c02df72cad3770c934959325ec344b441444"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/universal-tool-calling-protocol/python-utcp"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://research.jfrog.com/vulnerabilities/python-utcp-untrusted-manual-command-execution-jfsa-2025-001648329"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://pypi.org/project/utcp"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-75mj-4g74-9rg2"
    }
  ],
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Universal Tool Calling Protocol (UTCP) client library for Python vulnerable to Trust Boundary Violation through Manual JSON specification"
}

Sightings

Author	Source	Type	Date	Other

Nomenclature

Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.

Vulnerability timeline

Sightings and recorded dates, grouped by day · UTC

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The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base model, served locally by ML-Gateway. They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
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GHSA-75MJ-4G74-9RG2

CVE-2025-14542 (GCVE-0-2025-14542)

PYSEC-2026-2000

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